Milgram

Question 1

How does Milgram link to the Social Area?

Answer 1

the results show how pressure from another person could lead people to administer potentially fatal electric shocks to another individual and how they could be led to do this in spite of their evident discomfort. Milgram emphasised situational factors rather than dispositional.

Question 2

What is the background to Milgrams study?

Answer 2

He wanted to investigate whether the German race were evil and immoral due to their disposal factors, or if their behaviour during the holocaust could be explained by situational factors like the presence of a authority figure.

Question 3

What was the aim to Milgrams study?

Answer 3

To investigate the process of obedience by testing how far an individual will go in obeying an authority figure by administrating electric shocks to another person.

Question 4

What was the method to Milgrams study?

Answer 4

Was a controlled observation, is not an experiment as there was no manipulation of an IV. It took place in yale University so conditions could be controlled. Data was collected through observations both in and outside the room through a two way mirror in a different room. Is not possible to establish causality due to there being no IV so results of obedience may lack validity.

Question 5

What are the findings to Milgrams study?

Answer 5

• 40 ppts (100%) shocked up to 300v and were obedient, 65% of participants continued to 450v
• Many ppta show signs of extreme stress, sweating, trembling, nervous laughing and 3 ppts even had uncontrolled seizures
• Quantitative data provides insight to the ability to compare and analyse the data, objective and so is more likely to be valid
• Quanlitative data allows insight and reasoning to why ppts obeyed or not

Question 6

What are the findings to Milgrams study?

Answer 6

• 40 ppts (100%) shocked up to 300v and were obedient, 65% of participants continued to 450v
• Many ppta show signs of extreme stress, sweating, trembling, nervous laughing and 3 ppts even had uncontrolled seizures
• Quantitative data provides insight to the ability to compare and analyse the data, objective and so is more likely to be valid
• Quanlitative data allows insight and reasoning to why ppts obeyed or not

Question 7

What was the Sample to Milgrams study?

Answer 7

• 40 males aged 20-50 from New Haven America of a wide range of jobs
• Recruited through volunteer sampling by a news paper asking for volunteers in a study on memory and leaning and would be payed $4.50 for showing up

Question 8

What is the procedure to Milgrams study?

Answer 8

All 40 participants were given role of teacher every time due to a fixed draw and the confederate was always the learner. The ppts were given a tria shock of 45v (shock machine had 30 switches ranging from 15-450v) and if the teacher turned to the experimenter for advice the experimenter responded with experimenter prods “please continue”“the experimenter requires that you carry on”

Question 9

what are the conclusions to Mikgrams study?

Answer 9

• Inhumane acts can be carried out by ordinary people as they will obey others they consider an authority figure
• The level of obedience was unexpected

Question 10

What are possible factors Milgram identified to be the cause of such extreme obedience levels?

Answer 10

• Was carried out in a prestigious environment
• Right to Withdraw and the expectation of compliance was not obvious
• Payment increases sense of obedience