Milestones Flashcards
Head lift while prone.
1-2 months
Lift chest and head whilst prone.
3-4 months
Unilateral/bilateral kicking.
3-4 months
Rolling over.
5 months
Sitting without support.
6 months
Hands and knees crawling.
8.5 months
Walking with assistance.
9 months
Standing alone.
11 months
Walking unassisted.
12-18 months
How many steps does a child have to take for it to be considered cruising?
5 steps
How many steps does a child have to take for it to be considered walking unassisted?
5 steps
Squat and jump.
18 months
Hopping.
2 y.o.
Why is lifting the head, neck and torso important?
- developing neck muscle strength
- developing cervical spine strength
Why is bilateral kicking important?
- evidence that the two hemispheres of the brain are working together (similar to clapping in the upper limb)
What behavioural signs would you see in a child who can lift its head and torso off the ground?
3-4 month old:
- happy baby
- smile to interact
- interested in surroundings
- beginning to vocalise
What is a head wobble and at what age is this normal?
A head wobble occurs when the child has not fully gained control of its neck extensors and flexors, and so they are not working in a synchronised fashion. This is normal in a child up to 6 weeks old.
What other behavioural signs would you expect to see in a child who can sit without support?
6 month old:
- stranger shyness
- putting everything in their mouth
- double syllable sounds (e.g. dada)
- enjoy bouncing when you hold them
What does sitting without assistance indicate?
That the child is ready to move - they may start to quad rock at this time. Usually occurs at 6 months.
What may occur at the same time as hands and knees crawling?
Standing with assistance.
What other behavioural signs would you expect to see in a child who can cruise?
9 month old:
- picking objects up with a pincer grasp
- clinging to familiar adults
- hand clapping
What other behavioural signs would you expect to see in a child who has started to walk?
12-18 month old:
- coordinated sit to stand, and sitting
- responding to simple instructions
- 2-3 words at 1 y.o.
What is the age bracket in which it is normal to start crawling?
Typically 8.5 months, but anywhere from 5 months to 13 months is normal.
What is the age bracket in which it is normal to walk unassisted?
Typically between 12-18 months, however can be as early as 9-10 months and as late as 20 months. If child not walking at the 18-20 month mark then monitor, if still not walking at 20 months, then reason to be concerned.
