Mikey's Pharmacy Party Flashcards
Drug Idiosyncrasy
Unusual reactions that does not occur in majority of patients.
6 rights
- Patient
- Drug
- Route
- Dose
- Time
- Documentation
Receptor
Macromolecule that binds to the substance(drug)
5 bronchodilator classes
- Beta 2 agonist
- Muscarinic antagonist
- Leukotriene antagonist
- Mast cell stabilizer
- Corticosteroid
Inhaled corticosteroids treats…
Long term asthma
Contraindicated analgesics for sulfa allergies?
Celecoxib
CNS stimulant use
ADHD
Narcolepsy
Route for sensitivity testing?
ID
Parenteral routes?
IM
IV
SC
ID
Who can prescribe medication?
Accredited providers
Cumulative drug affect:
Drug has not fully metabolized before next dose.
Synergism:
Occurs when drugs produce an effect greater than the sum of separate actions
Pharmacodynamics:
Action
Effect
Naloxone antagonist to:
Morphine
Thyroid hormone action:
Increases metabolic rate of tissue
Progesterone:
Natural female hormone
Progestin
Synthetic female hormone
Proton pump instructions
30-60min before a meal
Bi-daily: breakfast and dinner
Agonist
Binds with receptors to produce therapeutic response
Oral anti-diabetic use:
DM type 2
Pharmaceutics phase:
Dissolution of a drug
Sedative and Hypnotic aka…
Barbiturates
Sedative and Hypertonic treat:
Seizures
Alcohol withdraw
Anti-convulsion
3 contraindications a for MAOI?
CHF
14 days of TCA
Setraline use with MAOI is fatal
How long do antidepressants take to work?
4-6 weeks
Dry cough is a side effect of?
ACE inhibitors
When do you use insulin?
DM type 1
Severe type 2
4 factors effecting insulin dosing?
- Pt eats too little
- Dose incorrectly measured
- Drastic increase in PT
- Infection
What reaction occurs when the combined effect of 2 drugs is equal?
Addictive reaction
What occurs when a drug produces an effect that is greater than the sum of their separate actions
Synergism
1+1=3
6 Factors influencing drug response
Age Weight Gender Disease Route IV( most rapid) Drug use/ pregnancy
What are 3 ORAL routes?
Nasogastric tube
Buccal
Sublingual
What are the 4 PARENTERAL drug administration?
SC ( between skin and muscle )
IM
IV
ID ( typically used for sensitivity test )
Drugs that can be applied to the skin or mucus membrane?
Topical
Transdermal ( SYSTEMIC EFFECT )
Inhalation ( LOCAL EFFECT )
What are the actions of barbiturates?
Anticonvulsant Depressed sensory cortex Decreased motor activity Drowsiness Sedation Hypnosis (NO ALCOHOL USE)
What are the 2 anti-anxiety drug classes?
Benzodiazepines ( short term use )
Non Benzodiazepines
What are some example’s of benzodiazepines?
Alprazolam
Diazepam
Lorazepam
Pam Pam Pam
What are the 5 classes of antidepressants?
(TCA)-Tricyclic antidepressants
(MAOI)-Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors
(SSRI)-Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors
(SANRIs)-Serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor
Dopamine/Norepinephrine-Reuptake Inhibitors
What is the action of antipsychotics?
Block dopamine receptors in the brain
What is the use of an antipsychotic?
Treat acute and chronic psychosis
What are the contraindications of antipsychotics?
Servers depression
Hypotension
What is the use of anticonvulsants?
Used to decrease the severity of seizures
What drug do you not give patients with epilepsy?
Welbutrol
Drug tolerance:
Decrease response to a drug, increase dose for therapeutic effect.
Pounds to KG?
Divide by 2.2
Contraindications for ketamine?
Cardiac issues
Ketamine has what kind of effect?
Catalyptic
Pharmacogenetic reactions
Inherited trait that causes abnormal metabolism.
What are the 5 anti-acid uses?
Heartburn GERD Sour stomach Indigestion Peptic ulcer
H2 antagonist action:
Reduce secretion of gastric acid
What are 2 examples of anti-anxiety meds?
Diazepam
Lorazepam
Short term due to dependence
What is the action of ant-emetics and anti-nausea meds?
Block 5-HT3 receptor sights
What is the pregnancy code for antiemetic and anti-nausea meds
X do not use
Best medication for antiemetic and anti-nausea
Odanestron
Formerly Phenogren
4 analgesic classes:
Salicylate
Non Salicylate
NSAID
Urinary
Antipyretic use:
Reduce body temp
Antianginal aka:
Nitrates
Contraindications for antianginal?
Hypotension
Avoid ace inhibitors in what population?
AA
Thyroid hormone examples:
Levothyroxine
Aka Synthroid
Beta blocker treat what chronic condition?
Angina
Beta blocker action:
Decreases heart rate
Reduces excitability
4 antihypertensive drug classes:
Ace/ Arb
Diuretics
Calcium channel blockers
Beta blockers
Stage 1 HTN:
Systolic=130-139
Diastolic=80-89
Stage 2 hypertension:
140/90
Where is the cough center?
Medulla
What is the most common expectorant?
Guaifenesin
Drug physiology:
Pancreas
Circulates through blood
Metabolized in the liver
Filtered through kidneys
What drugs are contraindicated in patients with G6PD?
Aspirin
Chloroquine
Sulfamides
6 factors of bioavailability
Route Liver metabolism GI mucosa Good/drugs Solubility Drug form
SIGNA definition
Patient instructions. No numbers and no abbreviations
Pharmacodynamics
Drug action and effects
Hemorrhoid agents aka
Topical corticosteroid
Hemorrhoid agent adverse effect
Tissue atrophy
Liver disease effect on dose
Lower dose; med not well metabolized by liver
MANMED Pharmacy chapter
21
DOD prescription form
DD1289
Fat soluble vs water soluble
Fat soluble is faster and lasts longer
Bioavailability
% of drug administered in that reaches circulation
Bioavailability
% of drug administered that reaches circulation
Pinotcytosis
cell drink
active absorption
requires energy/ ATP
passive absorption
diffuses high to low
Beta 2 Agonist contraindications
Cardiac Arrhythmia
Beta 2 Agonist action
Blocks Beta Blocker
Gen 1 vs Gen 2 Antihistamines
Gen 2 less drowsy
Afrin max days
3
Antihistamines bind to :
H1 Receptors
Antihistamines pregnancy class
C/D
Antihistamine Alt Use
Motion Sickness
Narcotic Analgesic action
bind to opioid receptor; alters perception
Pyridium Dose
100mg TID for 5 days
Pyridium pregnancy class
B
NSAID example
Motrin
NSAID Action
inhibits prostagland synthesis
NSAID 2 treatments
Arthritis and Dysmenorrhea
Discontinue NSAIDS if
Prolonged bleed or dark stool
Non-Salicylate example
Acetaminophen
Non-Salicylate and liver
ask about liver; associated with liver failure
Non-salicylate example
Acetaminophen
Acetaminophen max dose
4G a day
Bactericidal vs Bactericidic
kills bact vs slow bact
Analgesic type causing uticaria
non-salicylates
anti-convulsants for seizures
Use benzo to break seizure
ex: Lorazepam/Diazepam
Anti-convulsants not uncommon to require _____
more than one medication
Fastest Drug route
IV
Drug Ratings safe for pregnancy
A/B
HTN Regimen 4 Steps
- Lifestyle Changes
- Diuretics
- Inc. Dose or Combine Drugs
- Combine 2-3
Additive drug reaction
Occurs when two drugs is equal to sum of each
Narcotic Analgesics Bind to What Receptor
Mu
Meloxicam is what class of analgesic
NSAID
GI bleed is an adverse effect of what class analgesics
Salicylates and NSAIDS
Non-Salicylate pregnancy category
B
theres a bee? :O
anti-tussives depress what?
cough center
Transdermal Effect
Systemic
Half-life
Time it takes to to eliminate 50% of a drug
Antagonist
Binds with receptor stronger than agonist producing no effect
Salicylate pregnancy category
D
5 Drug metabolism organs
liver kidney lung plasma intestines
Expectorant Action
Reduce viscosity of secretions by increasing respiratory tract fluid
Antiarrythmic action
Deceases symptomology; increases dynamic performance
Anti-Arrythmics block (3)
Na / K Channels
Beta Receptors
Calcium Channles
Therapeutic Effect too high
toxic
Therapeutic Effect too low
Decreased effect
Routes via mucous membranes/skin
Topical
Transdermal
Inhalation
Albumin
water soluble protein; moves medication; produced by liver
4 pharmacology principles
Action
reaction
interaction
response
Pharmacokinetic
activities of drug after entering body
Max NARCS prescribed by IDC
10 days no refills
poly prescription form
NAVMED 6710/6
Class 2 Anti Arrhythmia Action
Beta Blocker ; blocks beta receptors
Class 3 Anti Arrhythmia action
Amiodarone blocks potassium channels
Class 3 Anti Arrhythmia uses
dysrhythmia
fibrillation
Emergency diuretic
furosemdie
Salicylate action
Inhibit prostaglandins; dilate blood vessels
Salicylate contraindications
no pregnancy
bleeding disorder
Salicylate example
aspirin
On ship antihyperlipidemic
Simvastatin aka Zocor
2 types of antipsychotics
1st Gen/Typical
2nd Gen/Atypical
Antipsychotic action
block dopamine receptors
1st Gen vs 2nd Gen antipsychotic
2nd gen have few adverse reactions
Benzo receptor
GABA
Non-benzo receptor
Dopamine
Muscarinic Antagonist aka
Antichlorogenic
Muscarinic Antagonist Contraindication
Arrhythmia
Muscarinic Antagonist poem
Red as a beet blind as a bat stuffed as a pipe mad as a hatter hot as a hare dry as a bone
Normal Flora
non pathogenic microorganisms in body
Broad Spectrum
Effective against gram pos and gram neg
Sulfonamide Use
UTI
Sulfonamide Action
Bareostatic caused by sulfonamide antagonism
Sulfa Adverse Rx
Stephens Johnson Syndrome
Cephalosporin Contraindication
Penicillin Allergy
Cephalosporine Action
Affect Bacteria Cell Wall
Tetracycline Action
Inhibit bacteria protein synthesis
Tetracycline Pregnancy Class
D
Macrolides Treat
Pnuemonia, Chlamydia and Otitis Media
*alternative to PCN
Fluoroquinolone on ship
Cipro
Carbapenem Tx
Meningitis, Hospital Pnuemonia
Anaerobic Bacteria Tx on Ship
Metronidazole
Lincosamides (bactericidal or bacteriostatic)
bacteriostatic
3rd Gen Cephalosporin on ship
Ceftriaxone
LFT frequency for oral antifungals
30 days
Muscle Relaxer Use
Back Pain
Muscle Spasm
Corticosteroid Shuts Off
Pituitary Release; Adrenal Insufficiency
Antimigraine Action
Vasoconstriction
Sumatriptan Contraindications
Wolff Parkinson
White Syndrome
Arrhythmia
Topical Antiviral Example
Penciclovir
local anesthetic action
temporarily inhibit sensory nerve fibers
3 Otic Preparation Categories
- Antibiotic
- Antibiotic and Steroid
- Misc.
2 Keratolytics
condylox
salicylic acid
creatine over use
stroke
What neutralizes the effect of heparin?
Protamine Sulfate
Other name for pyridium
Phenazopyridine
Odanestron blocks the effects of ____ at the 5-HT3 receptor?
Serotonin
NSAID contraindicated for sulfa allergy
Celecoxib
non benzo example
hydroxyzine
Seizure with alternate contraction and relaxation of muscles
Tonic-clonic
Seizure brief loss of consciousness during which
physical activity ceases.
Absence seizures: (petit mal)
antitussive on ship
teslon pearls ; do not chew
what two ant-anxiety medications can you give pregnant women?
BuSpar and Zolpidem (both class B)
Drugs similar in structure to penicillin
Cephalosporines
Generic name Tessalon Perles
Benzonatate
Subcutaneous
between skin and muscle
Intradermal
under first layer of skin
Short Term anti-anxiety meds
BENZO (GABA Receptor)
Long Term Anti Anxiety
NON BENZO (Dopamine Receptor)
Analgesic class for anti-pyretic
Non-salicylate
Other Betablocker contraindication
Glaucoma
Loop Dietetic MOA
increases excretion of sodium chloride
prolonged laxative use can cause
abdominal pain; NVD; mental dependency
laxative irritant example
Bisacodyl
organ needs to be working for oral antidiabetics
pancreas
organ influences every tissue in body
thyroid
adverse rx to contraceptive
thrombosis, bleeding , headaches
3 influences on antibiotic efficiency
location, ability to reach, ability to resist
nicotine replacement med forms
NOT FR**KING PILLS LOL
RESPONSIBLE FOR MEDS ABOARD SHIP
CO
RESPONSIBLE FOR MAINTAINING MEDS
SMDR
AMOUNT OF SAFE AND CODE CHANGES
2 EVERY 6 MONTHS
MAINTAIN CSIB RECORDS FOR
3 YEARS
CSIB INVENTORY
QUARTLERY OR MONTHLY IF TRANSACTIONS OCCUR
FORM FOR THEFT OF CONTROLLED SUBSTANCE
DEA FORM 106
FORM FOR DESTROYED MEDICATION
DD200
of members required for destruction
3
may enhance oxygen to muscles
nitroxide (NO explode)
Used to reduce GI bleed risk
COX 1
COX 1 VS COX 2
Selective vs Non-Selective
Non-Salyicte Uses
Pain/Reduce Body temp/Arthritis
Salicyte use
Px/Reduce Body Temp/inflammation/MI risk/Blood Clots
Dopamine Inhibitor example
Welbutrin
MAOI example
Nardil
TCA example
Elavil
SANRI example
Duloxetine
SSRI example
Trazadone
