Mike Meyers / Jason Dion Notes Flashcards
ARM CPU
Advanced RISC Machines
operate using a Reduced Instruction Set Computing (RISC) methodology
CPUs with graphics cards built-in
APUs (Accelerated Processing Unit)
IA-32
Intel Architecture, 32-bit
ISAs
Instruction Set Architectures (x86, x64, x86x64, IA-32)
Two most common kinds of CPU sockets
Pin Grid Array (PGA) and Land Grid Array (LGA)
Stores information about the RAM stick
SPD Chip
How many pins are in a stick of DDR4 RAM?
288
How many pins are in a stick of DDR3 RAM?
240
How many pins are in a stick of DDR2 RAM?
240
How many pins are in a stick of SDRAM?
128
How many pins are in a stick of DDR RAM?
184
Which types of RAM can function even if one of its memory chips fails?
ECC
In what order should memory slots be filled?
Whatever order the motherboard specifies
What should a technician do to improve performance if the virtual memory file is constantly full?
Add more RAM
Which RAM would typically be installed into a laptop computer?
SO-DIMM
BIOS programs that enable hardware to function are called what?
Services
Which is found in BIOS?
A. CMOS Battery
B. CPU
C. POST
D. Real-time clock
POST
Explanation:
The Power On Self Test (POST) program is contained in the BIOS chip. The CPU is found on the motherboard, not within BIOS. The CMOS battery is not inside a chip. The real-time clock (RTC) is in the CMOS chip, not the BIOS chip.
What is the primary purpose of POST?
It performs diagnostic tests before booting the operating system
For which failures would you expect POST to issue beep codes?
Video card
How would a technician start the system setup program?
Press a certain key before the computer boots the operating system
To prevent random people from booting the OS, a technician should do what?
Set a user password
Which is more likely to cause a computer’s reported time to fall behind?
The CMOS battery is weak or failing
Which battery provides power to the RTC and CMOS chip?
CR2032
ATX Form Factor
12” x 9.6”
Micro ATX form factor
9.6” x 9.6”
Mini ITX form factor
6.7” x 6.7”
What could be the cause of a burning smell from a motherboard?
Capacitor swelling
What should you do when you notice a capacator swelling?
Immediately remove power and don’t use the motherboard
Which chip is typically found on modern motherboards?
Southbridge
The southbridge is typically found on modern motherboards. The functions of the old northbridge chip have been moved onto modern CPUs.
The job of the southbridge is to act as the interface between the CPU and what?
Slow hardware
Which is typically not found on a motherboard?
A. PCIe slots
B.
The small, metal items that screw into a case and keep the motherboard from touching the case are called:
Standoffs
How can you protect your system from ESD while installing the motherboard?
Anti-static wrist strap
What are the three main types of power that power supplies provide?
12V, 5V, 3.5V
The largest motherboard form factor is?
ATX
What are the two main power connectors for the motherboard?
20-pin ATX & 4-pin P4
SAS
iSCSI
Mass storage is organized into __________?
A. Gibibytes
B. LBAs
C. Pages
D. Gigabytes
B. LBAs
Storage is organized into Logical Blocks (LBAs). Gigabytes and Gibibytes describe capacity, not organizational structure. Pages are the organizational structure of SSDs but not of all mass storage devices.
What is a standard command and connection standard for mass storage devices?
ATA
SATA drives use how many wires to transfer data to and from the computer?
1
SSDs are organized into logical blocks, but their memory storage cells are called what?
Pages
Which interface is the fastest?
NVMe
NVMe uses PCIe lanes and is the fastest of these interface choices. PATA is the slowest; SATA and SCSI speeds fall between NVMe and PATA.
Combine SCSI with SATA to get ____________?
SAS
Serial Attached SCSI (SAS) uses the SATA connector with the SCSI command language.
Running SCSI commands over Ethernet is called __________?
iSCSI
What is the minimum number of drives to perform RAID 5?
3
What is the maximum number of drive failures under RAID 6 at which the array will still function?
2
Which is an example of a hardware RAID controller?
A. Storage spaces
B. Dedicated expansion card
C. Dynamic disks
D. Basic disks
C. Dedicated expansion card
A dedicated RAID controller comes in the form of an expansion card. Storage Spaces is a Microsoft software RAID implementation. Dynamic and basic disks are not RAID controllers.
RAID 10 requires how many drives?
4
What kind of chip holds a BitLocker key?
TPM (Trusted Platform Module)
Which is most likely the result of a corrupted operating system?
A. The system attempts to boot from the wrong device
B. Slow performance
C. The hard drive makes a loud clicking noise
D. Continuous reboot
D. Continuous reboot
Of the choices here, the most likely result of a corrupt operating system is continuous reboots. Boot order is set in the UEFI/BIOS system setup utility. A corrupt OS can cause crashes and reboots, not slow performance. Hard drive clicking comes from a mechanical failure inside the hard drive.
USB 1.0 speed
1.5 Mbps
USB 1.1 speed
12 Mbps
USB 2.0 speed
480 Mbps
USB 3.0 speed
5 Gbps
USB 3.1 Gen 1 speed
5 Gbps
USB 3.1 Gen 2 speed
10 Gbps
Thunderbolt 1 speed
10 Gbps
Thunderbolt 2 speed
20 Gbps
Thunderbolt 3 speed
40 Gbps
Blue ray capacity
15.6-50GB
CD capacity
650-750 MB
DVD capacity
4.37-15.9 GB
Which display technology uses moving mirrors?
DLP
Keystone
Pincushion
Skew
A CPU with a built-in graphics processor is a what?
APU
Cat 5 rating
100 Mbps
Cat 5e rating
1 Gbps
Cat 6
1 Gbps 100m
10 Gbps 55m
Cat 6a rating
10 Gbps at 100m segments
Contents of an ethernet frame
the destination MAC addresses, the source MAC address, the data payload, and finally the FCS.
MAC addresses are made up of how many bits?
48
How does a switch know the MAC addresses of connected devices?
By watching frames
How are WANs identified?
IP address
Which device forwards data from one network to another?
Router
Multimode fiber optic cables use what for their light source?
LEDs
How many pairs of wires are in UTP Ethernet cables?
4
Which is the best tool to identify a specific cable within a bundle of cables?
Fox and hound
Solid-core cabling is best used where?
To connect distant locations with horizontal runs and drops inside walls and plenum spaces
Wake-on-LAN is triggered by what?
Magic packet
Which device retransmits any inbound message out all of its other ports?
Hub
What device forwards data from one network to another?
Router
