Migration Notting Hill

Question 1

Why did Notting Hill attract Caribbean migrants?

Answer 1

• Originally poor in 18th century, Then became a good part of London that attracted upper - middle class
• After WW2, Notting Hill was badly affected and slum housing was set up
• Cheap housing attracted Caribbean migrants

Question 2

Housing in Notting hill

Answer 2

• HMO’s - slum housing with 3-4 people sharing a single room
• Landlords exploiting migrant - renting out single beds, Peter Rachman was a landlord that used legal loopholes to kick out tenants and replace them with Caribbean migrants he could exploit

Question 3

Notting hill housing trust

Answer 3

• Formed in 1963 by a group of local residents
• Reverend Bruce Kenrick (founder) lived in Notting hill
• Aimed to renovate poor quality housing, charge fair rent and end landlord exploitation

Question 4

Fascism in Notting hill

Answer 4

• Oswald Moseley - British politician and Hitler sympathiser, Imprisoned as a result. After being released, he campaigned against migration and the “coloured invasion”
• Race riots - 29th August - White people attacked black peoples businesses and houses as a result of a white woman being assaulted for being with a Black man. continued until 5th September. Police said there was little evidence for it being racially motivated

Question 5

Black activism

Answer 5

• West Indian Gazette - Britain’s first major black newspaper, fight for equality, 15,000 readers
• Caribbean carnival - created by Claudia Jones in 1966 in response to race riots, hoped to pull community together
• British Black Panthers - due to no laws against racial harassment, Black people set up their own groups to campaign for racial equality

Question 6

Mangrove Nine

Answer 6

• Owned by Frank Crichlow, the Mangrove was a bar which attracted many Caribbean migrants.
• After many unnecessary raids by the police, the community leaders in the Mangrove ganged up and protested, They used a pigs head and banners to taunt the police. They chanted “Kill the pigs” and “Hands off black people”. The first 2 hours were peaceful but in the end it got violent and 19 people were arrested with 9 of them being accused of inciting a riot.