Migration Flashcards
What criteria can migration occur in? (Migration population)
- Scale
- Direction
- Distance
- Decision making
- Cause of movement
What does migration tend to display and what does it mean? (Migration population)
Distance-decay
Number of migrants declines as the distance between origin and destination increases
What is net migration? (Migration population)
The balance between immigration and emigration
What are some reasons for voluntary movement between MEDC’s? (Migration population)
- Brain drain of the doctors from UK to USA
- Movement of East European workers to the UK following EU expansion (2004)
What are some reasons for voluntary movement from LEDC’s to MEDC’s? (Migration population)
Movement of Mexicans to the USA to work as casual employees in farming in California
What are some reasons for voluntary movement from MEDC’s to LEDC’s? (Migration population)
Movement of aid workers from the EU
What are some reasons for voluntary movement between LEDC’s? (Migration population)
Movement of migrant labour from Pakistan to oil rich nations e.g around the Golf
What are some reasons for forced movement between MEDC’s? (Migration population)
Repatriation of East Germany into the new unified Germany (1989)
What are some reasons for forced movement from LEDC’s to MEDC’s? (Migration population)
Movement of refugees and evacuees
What are some reasons for forced movement from MEDC’s to LEDC’s? (Migration population)
Via expiring
What are some reasons for forced movement between LEDC’s? (Migration population)
Movement of people from Rwanda to DRC due to genocide fears
What is emigration? (Migration population)
Movement out of a country
What is immigration? (Migration population)
Movement in to a country
What is migration? (Migration population)
Movement between places
Since 1980’s, migration patterns have showed an increased in what? (Migration population)
- Illegal migration
- Asylum seeking
- Migration between MEDC’s
- Short term migration
Since 1980’s, migration patterns have showed an decreased in what? (Migration population)
- Legal migration
- Permanent migration
- Number of migrants who reunite with families
What is economic migration? (Migration population)
the choice of moving country for a better QOL
What is a refugee? (Migration population)
A person who is forced to leave their own country to escape war
What is an asylum seeker? (Migration population)
A person who has left their own country as a political refugee
How many refugees were there in the world in 2003? (Migration population)
22 million
Why would numbers of asylum seekers increase? (Migration population)
Economic decline
What are the impacts of migration on the origin country? (Migration population)
- Younger population move out
- Grey population
- Lack of males
- BR fall, DR rise
What are the impacts of migration on the host country? (Migration population)
- Young adult population increases
- Males migrate in
- BR rise, DR fall
What is the main model of migration and what year was it devised? (Migration population)
The Lee model 1966
What does the Lee model propose? (Migration population)
- Decision making process is key - Positives and negatives are weighed up
- If obstacles to movement were overcome the migration would take place
What is Lee’s model also known as? (Migration population)
The push pull model
What kind of factors did the decision making process include? (Migration population)
- Origin characteristics
- Host characteristics
- Nature of people
What are the push factors of migration? (Migration population?
- Poor infrastructure
- Inadequate job offers
- Poor education
- Natural disasters
What are the pull factors of migration? (Migration population?
- Perceived improved SOL
- Better health care
- Future prospects
- Varied employment
- Higher wages
What are the social impacts of migration on a source country? (Migration population)
- Fall in marriage rates
- Break down of family structure
- Loss of culture
What are the social impacts of migration on a host country? (Migration population)
- Marriage rates rise
- Social friction
- New norms/values brought in
What are the economic impacts of migration on a source country? (Migration population)
- Educated individuals leave
- Remittances are sent back
- Labour shortages
- Farming declines
What are the economic impacts of migration on a host country? (Migration population)
- Labour surplus
- Increase in menial jobs
- Reverse brain drain on return
- Pressure on resources
