Migration Flashcards
Why did the Vikings come to England
.4 reasons.
- gave younger brother’s land opportunities.
- Land was fertile
- Land in Scandinavia was sandy and hilly, unlike England.
- more land because Scandinavia was becoming overcrowded
How did Alfred the Great defeat the Vikings
He creatied unity amongst the Anglo-
Saxon Christians against their common enemy
He accepted the establishment of a separate Viking kingdom
definition: danelaw
The place where the vikings lived including East Anglia, Northumbria and Mercia
definition: danegeld
The money that Aethelred paid the Vikings, so that they would leave him alone.
What did Danelaw lead to
Led to to Cnut’s North Sea Empire in 1035
what did the NSE lead to
Political instability- this lead to the Norman conquest
How did the influence of the Normans change the country
Added the French language and French culture to England. This connection to France had a strong influence on England’s development between 1066 and 1453.
What was the Angevin empire?
It was under Henry II’s reign and consisted of England, some of Ireland, Scotland, Wales, and some of France.
How was the AE lost
King John- he lost all the territories in France, led to a setback in England’s imperialism.
Official language was changed to English.
What was the significance of the Angevin Empire
Led to a stronger sense of British identity and created a common language- english.
Bankrupted England and helped with the formation of the Magna Carta.
How did the Hundred Year War affect the country
A growing sense of English national identity encouraged King Edward III to invade France in 1346 to restore the French territories of the old Angevin Empire. This attempt to conquer French territory for England was the start of the Hundred Years’ War
which ended in defeat for England. However the famous victories England enjoyed during the war would go down in history. The battles at Crecy, Poitiers and Agincourt helped to form a distinctive and unique national identity.
What did the St Bartholomew’s Days massacre lead to?
led to the arrival of the Huguenots from France who were protestant and wanted to escape religious persecution.
Why were the American colonies ideal for many Europeans?
It allowed prosperity or freedom from religious persecution
Why did colonisation increase?
Migration from Britain to the colonies increased as England united with Scotland in 1707 to form the United Kingdom of Great Britain.
What value did the colonies have?
These colonies also became more profitable as the demand for New World crops, such as tobacco, increased.
How did the increasing value of the colonies affect migration?
This encouraged even greater migration and the growth of a Royal Navy to protect the vast profits that were being made in the American colonies.
What happened during the Slave trade?
British ships in the 18th century gained a virtual
monopoly on the transportation of captive Africans across the Atlantic to work in inhuman conditions on sugar, tobacco and cotton plantations all over the Americas. This was the greatest forced migration in human history and it made Britain very wealthy.
Slave trade in America
1619: privateer: The White Lion brought 20 enslaved Africans ashore in the British colony of Jamestown, Virginia.
17th Century: European settlers in North America turned to enslaved Africans as a cheaper, more plentiful labour source than indentured servants.
It is estimated that 6 to 7 million enslaved people were imported to the New World during the 18th century alone. Enslaved Africans worked mainly on the tobacco, rice, and indigo plantations of the southern coast.
How did the American revolution affect the way Americans perceived the slave trade?
After the American Revolution, many colonists began to link the oppression of enslaved Africans to their own oppression by the British, and to call for slavery’s abolition. However, the new U.S. Constitution tacitly acknowledged the institution of slavery.
Slave trade in the Caribbean
The spread of sugar ‘plantations’ in the Caribbean created a great need for workers. The planters increasingly turned to buying enslaved men, women, and children who were brought from Africa. Some 5 million enslaved Africans were taken to the Caribbean, almost half of whom were brought to the British Caribbean (2.3 million). The slave trade had long-lasting negative effects on the islands of the Caribbean.
Slave trade in the UK
Europe and the Mediterranean world during the medieval period (500–1500) were part of a highly interconnected network of slave trading. Throughout Europe, wartime captives were commonly forced into slavery. As European kingdoms transitioned to feudal societies, serfdom began to replace slavery as the main economic and agricultural engine. The transatlantic slave trade scattered enslaved Africans across the Americas, the Caribbean, and Europe.
How did the Trading lead to Conflict?
This wealth was used to increase Britain’s global trading presence and brought her into conflict with her old enemy France in the
Seven Years’ War.
The revolution
After this, Britain became the unchallenged global sea power, but the taxes it imposed on the colonists in America to pay for the Seven Years’ War led to protests, and eventually the colonists defeated British forces in the American War of Independence
in 1783.
How did the loss of the American colonies affect the Empire?
It gave Britain dominance over its European rivals for trade with Asia, particularly India.
