Migration Flashcards
Define economic migrant
Person who has chosen to migrate
Define refugee
So one who has moved outside of the country of their nationality because of ensuing fear of persecution or death
Define asylum seeker
A person who seeks refuge in another country
Define internally displaced people
Has to move within their own country
What are 4 causes of refugees
Persecution
War
Natural disasters
Economic injustice eg. Land grabs
What office in the uk decides who is a refugee
Uk visas and immigration
Define detention centres
Asylum seekers can be held here until their case is decided
Define repatriation
Returning a person to their country of origin will fully
Define deportation
The forced removal of an asylum seeker to their country of origin
What does the 1951 refugee convention mean
The legal obligation for states to protect refugees
How many countries have signed up to they 1951 refugee convention
149
What does non refoulement mean
A refugee cannot be returned to a country where they face serious threats to their life or freedom
Why are laws on migration difficult
They are applied inconsistently within the same country
What is a non gov organisation in the uk for migration
Assist in sheff
What do assist do
Support
Accommodation
Information provider
What coordination is in migration
Hic = local national and international
NGOs gov and private sector
What coord in more prevalent in lics
Un and ngos
What is extreme poverty
People living below the worlds bank 1.90 poverty line
Unable to meet own basic needs
What are diaspora communities
Family reunification in a new country
What are global hub cities
Attract a disproportionate number of international migrants
What is free movement
The Schengen Agreement
Passports dont have to be shown to cross the borders
What is poor access to markets
Farmers in non eu find it harder to get good prices for their goods
So have to sell at lowers prices to compete
How does post colonialism and the common wealth affect migration patterns
A link between 2 countries
What are primary commodity prices
Countries that only trade in primary goods gain a lower income
What is a brain drain
Out migration of highly skilled workers
Increase development challenges
Positive feedback cycle
What is relative poverty
Poland = joined the eu in 2004 (gdp = 12,600)
Which is 40% of the uk
But was higher than sub Saharan countries
1 million poles moved to the uk
What are superpowers
Powerful countries exert more influence
disproportionately attract more migrants
Why do people move from Mexico to USA
- Gang violence in El Salvador and Honduras
- USA had green card policy = permanent stays = attractive to immigrants
- 140,000 visas available
- diversity programme = 70,000 given randomly
- Wages much higher = 2.2 bil remittances
Reasons form migration from South Sudan
Rwandan genocide = 1 mil fled ethnic cleansing
UN declared famine
Armed Dinka military = raping and murdering
Open door policy in bidi bidi
Progressive policy = 1500 a day
Refugee children get the same access to healthcare and education
Economic Impacts on migrants in Sudan
Funding is shrinking
Can’t provide Clean water and healthcare
Lootings
Social I,pact in migrants in bidi bidi
Lack of education Violent attacks: rape and murder Prostitution 2 mil fled 0.5 pop are children Limited water supplies Shelter crisis Famine = equatoria region = fertile land taken over by violence
Social Impacts on Uganda from South Sudan
Bidi bidi is full
Resources running out
Open door policy = pan Africanism
200 children to 1 class
Economic impacts on Uganda from South Sudan
Plots of land shrinking = 50m2 -> 30m
Food portions shrinking = 12kg -> 6kg
Political impacts on Uganda from South Sudan
Un raising 2bn for progressive policy
NGOs = vaccinate and give hot meals
How many arrivals does bidi bidi get a day
1-7000 day
