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CC 111 > Midterms-specimen Collection > Flashcards

Midterms-specimen Collection Flashcards

0
Q

hours required for glucose, lipids, LPP

A

8-16 hours

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1
Q

What are increased during exercise

A

Lactate
FA
ammonia

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2
Q

Inc after 48 hrs of fasting

A

Serum bilirubin

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3
Q

Inc after 72 hrs of fasting

A

Plasma triglyceride

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4
Q

High protein diet increases what

A

Urea

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5
Q

This will increase the urinary secretion

A

Serotonin

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6
Q

Increases the concentration of glucose

A

Caffeine

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7
Q

Releases catecholamines from adrenal medulla and brain tissue

A

Caffeine

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8
Q

Posture: prevent hemodilution or hemoconcentration

A

Seated/supine

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9
Q

Posture: causes extravascular water to transfer to the vascular system

A

Standing to supine

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10
Q

Posture: causes constriction of blood vessels and reduction of plasma volume

A

Supine to sitting

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11
Q

Posture: causes shifting of water and electrolytes into tissue causing hemoconcentration

A

Sitting to supine

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12
Q

How many minute/s is the recommended application of tourniquet

A

1 min.

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13
Q

Prolonged tourniquet results to

A

Hemoconcentration

Anaerobiosis

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14
Q

Increase in plasma NEFA

A

Tobacco smoking (nicotine)

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15
Q

Increase GGT concentration

Increase plasma conc. of urate and trigylceride

A

Alcohol ingestion

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16
Q

GGT

A

Gamma glutamyltransferase

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17
Q

Affects adrenal hormone secretion

A

Stress

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18
Q

This drugs can elevate liver function enzymes

A

Hepatotoxic drugs

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19
Q

Can decrease plasma medium

A

Diuretics

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20
Q

Has larger conc of oxygen than CO2

A

Arterial blood

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21
Q

Larger conc of CO2

A

Venous blood

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22
Q

Pumped by the heart to lungs

A

Venous blood

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23
Q

Pumped by the heart to the body cells

A

Arterial blood

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24
Q

1st crucial step in sample collection

A

Proper patient identification

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25
Q

Human blood contains approx. ,how many quarts/liters of whole blood

A

5 quarts

4.73 L

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26
Q

Whole blood(males)

A

5-6 liters

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27
Q

Whole blood (females)

A

4-5 liters

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28
Q

Process by which blood is obtained from a patient’s artery

A

Arterial puncture

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29
Q

Oxygenated blood with bright red color

A

Arterial blood

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30
Q

Sites for artery

A 
Radial 
Brachial
Femoral
Scalp
Umbilical
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31
Q

Hardest to control during bleeding period and usually requires special attention

A

Arterial bleeding

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32
Q

A process by which blood is obtained from a patient’s vein

A

Venipuncture

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33
Q

Deoxygenated blood with dark red color

A

Venous blood

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34
Q

Liquid portion of an unclotted blood or anticoagulated blood

A

Plasma

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35
Q

Plasma contains what

A

Fibrinogen

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36
Q

Liquid portion of clotted blood

A

Serum

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37
Q

Most commonly used method in venipuncture

A

ETS

Evacuated tube system

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38
Q

3 basic methods in venipuncture

A

Ets
Needle and syringe
Winged infusion set

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39
Q

Most commonly used veins for venipuncture are located in the

A

Antecubital fossa

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40
Q

1st site
2nd site
3rd site
(Phlebotomy sites)

A

In order:
Median cubital vein
Cephalic vein
Basilic vein

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41
Q

Best site for venipuncture

A

Median cubital

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42
Q

Largest and best anchored vein

A

Median cubital

43
Q

Reduce the risk of specimen

A

Order of draw

44
Q

Order of draw

A 
B lood culture (yellow)
C oagulation (light blue)
N on additive (red)
H eparin (green)
E DTA (lavander)
S odium fluoride (gray)
45
Q

EDTA

A

Ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid

46
Q

Apply the tourniquet at least how many inches above the site

A

3-4 inches

47
Q

Patients with allergies in alcohol

A

Chlorhexidrine gluconate

48
Q

Ethanol testing

A

Benzalkonium chloride

49
Q

Standard needle length

A

1 inch or 1.5 inch

50
Q

Butterfly needle

A

1/2-3/4 inches

51
Q

Complications of venipuncture

A

Immediate local complication
Late local complication
Late general complication

52
Q

Anti coagulants

A

K2 edta

Potassium oxalate

53
Q

Clot activators

A

Thrombin
Silica
Glass particle

54
Q

Anti glycolitics

A

Sodium fluoride

Lithium iodoacetate

55
Q

Gel separator

A

Thixotropic gel

56
Q

Blood is collected from a skin puncture made with a lancet or similar device

A

Capillary specimen collection

57
Q

3 components of capillary blood in skin puncture

A

Venous
Arterial
Tissue fluid

58
Q

Recommended sites for skin puncture

A

1st choice: middle finger

2nd choice: ring finger

59
Q

Preferred site for newborn

A

Lateral plantar heel surface

60
Q

3rd and 4th fingers (site)

A

Palmar surfaces of the fingers

61
Q

Least preferred site

62
Q

Order of draw: microcollection tubes

A

Edta
Other tubes with additives
Non additives

63
Q

21 and 22 gauge

A

Blood collection

64
Q

23 gauge

A

Used for children

65
Q

25 gauge

A

For butterfly needle

66
Q

16 to 19 gauge

A

Therapeutic phlebotomy

67
Q

Preferred site due to vascularity

68
Q

Most commonly used site in arterilized capillary blood

A

Lateral plantar heel surface

69
Q

Best site for blood gas analysis

A

Indwelling umbilical artery

70
Q

Centrifugation requirement

A

1000-3000 relative centrifugal force

71
Q

Effects of hemolysis

A

Affects bilirubin levels
Inhibits lipase enzyme
Interferes with the color reactions
Increased level of analytes

72
Q

Can cause hemolysis and aerosol infection

A

Rimming the tube

73
Q

Can cause lysis and slight elevation in LD and K

A

Excessive centrifugation

74
Q

May cause incomplete barrier formation in gel tubes

A

Insufficient centrifugation

75
Q

Excessive centrifugation

A

Greater than 3000 RCF

76
Q

Insufficient centrifugation

A

Less than 1000

77
Q

Specimens that require chilling

A 
Ammonia
Blood gases
Catecholamines
Gastrin
Lactic acid
78
Q

Photosensitive analytes

A 
Bilirubin
Beta carotene
Folate
Porphyrins
Vitamin A
B6
79
Q

Other biological specimens for testing

A 
CST
Synovial fluid
Peritoneal fluid
Pleural fluid
Pericardial fluid
80
Q

This top can also be used for lactate and alcohol determinations

81
Q

Can cause increase in potassium

A

Respinning gel tubes

82
Q

For microcollection tubes, these are the preferred anticoagulants

A

Lithium

Ammonium salts of heparin

83
Q

Blue inversions:

84
Q

Tubes with clot activator inversions:

85
Q

Heparin/ lavander inversions

86
Q

Non additive inversions

A

No inversions

87
Q

System of ensuring accuracy & precision in the lab by including quality control reagents in every series of measurements

A

Quality control

88
Q

A quality control system is designed to:

A 
Sensitivity
Specificity
Accuracy
Precision
Reliability
89
Q

Ability of an analytical method to maintain accuracy & precision over an extended period of time

A

Reliability

90
Q

Nearness or closeness of the assayed value to the true or target value

91
Q

Ability of the analytical method to measure only the analyte of interest

A

Specificity

92
Q

Ability of an analytical method to give repeated results on the same sample that agree with one another

93
Q

Ability of an analytical method to measure the samllest concentration of the analyte of interest

A

Sensitivity

94
Q

Ability of the test to detect the proportion of individuals without the disease who test negatively for the disease

A

Diagnostic specificity

95
Q

Kinds of quality control

A

Internal qc

External qc

96
Q

Combines with calcium to form an insoluble salt

97
Q

Combines with calcium in a process called chelation

98
Q

Forming weakly dissociated calcium components

99
Q

Combines with calcium in a non-ionized form

100
Q

Acts as anti thrombin and anti thromboplastin

101
Q

Concentration of citrate

A

3.2-3.8 g/dl

102
Q

Conc of heparin

A

0.2 mg/ml of blood

103
Q

What are the sample rejection

A

Lipemic sample
Hemolyzed sample
Icteric sample

104
Q

Conc of fluoride

105
Q

Conc of edta

CC 111 (1 decks)

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