Midterms quiz 1 Flashcards
Anatomical regions of interest
lung, soft tissue, bone windows
basic compression method
one of the most common methods of variable lengths encoding used to reduce redundancy
Huffman coding
Image display board processing unit and image memory
ram and vram
pt no disease; modality with disease
false positive
selectively subtracts a blurred image from the original image
unsharp mask filters
Is composed of individual pixels where discrete brightness or color values are assigned
Digital image
used by radiologists and physicians to review cases in wards and outpatient department
Review workstation
The gateway process; and is individualized per modality
Image preprocessing
pt with disease; modality no disease
false negative
pt no disease; modality no disease
true negative
Computed intended for individual use that is faster and more capable than a personal computer
Radiology workstations
reconstruct image without any loss of data
lossless
provides a common source of patient information about a patients health history
Hospital information system
Reduction of image size and file to fit in the hardcopy backups such as CD-R, DVD-R, PACS, and other storage devices/means.
Image compression
uses a sharp edge rather than a simply line
edge spread function
reversal of light and dark pixels
Image reverse
the setup of your computer prevents injuries and accidents and they are well within reach and used
ergonomics of image workstations
Refers to any method that makes particular elements in the image more visible
Enhancement
3d immersion of a simulated object
Virtual reality and augmented reality technology
Resolution in radiology workstation
1k or 2k
sensitivity or recall
true positive rate
Add scaling and shearing to rigid-body transforms and are useful in intersubject registration
Affine transformation
response of an imaging system to a linear stimulus
line spread function (LSF)
Display monitor in radiology workstations
CRT and LCD
Encompasses the use and exploration of 3d image datasets of the human body, obtained most commonly from a CT or MRI scanner…
medical image processing
It involves computer interpolation of two dimensional multislice images acquired during routine axial CT scanning in order to generate a three-dimensional volume of data
Reformatting
Mapping of one space of an image to the space of another image
Transformation
Curve or graph that shows the performance of a classification model at all classification methods
Receiver Operating Characteristics (ROC) method
useful in applications where no loss of information is tolerable. this may due to accuracy requirements, legal requirements, or less than perfect quality of original image
Error-free compression methods
a technique for expressing a waveform as a weighted sum of sines and cosines. (eg. an image fluctuations being converted into a value)
discrete fourier transform
Process of aligning images with one another in a given location/s
Registration
it affects the ease of extracting information from an object thus the good image quality will ensure the maximum amount of diagnostic information is gained from the image
measurement of image sharpness
used by radiologists for making reading and diagnosis
Diagnostic workstation
the use of statistical tools is to analyze effectiveness of all the hardcopies in diagnosing the given diseases
statistical analysis
there may be loss of data
lossy
Collected by a third party coordinator, which then selects images with acceptable quality, findings, and set of diseases
Image collection
refers to determination of truthfulness of an image by using all available clinical history and means of each case and disease
truth determination
Allows rotation and translation. Commonly used in neuroimaging wherein the patient is imaged in different positions
Rigid body transform
Separation of an image into meaningful components of anatomic structures such as the bone, lung, blood vessel, or disease
Segmentation
Used in generation 3d data from 2d data. commonly used in CT and MRI
3d visualization
Refers to the reduction of image file size
Compression
Process of estimating a value between two known values
Interpolation
Removal of unnecessary background from x-ray collimation for optimal display in the workstations
Background removal
Used to extract useful parameters from images such as measurements from blood flow
Analysis workstation
Histogram manipulation
Filtering
pertains to a response of an imaging modality to a point object
point spread function (PSF)
mathematical formula for measuring resolution
Modulation transfer function
can read images produced with the use of an x-ray, ct, mri, pet, and ultrasound
Medical image analysis
a mathematical concept that converts a signal in time (spatial) domain to frequency domain
fourier transform/ frequency domain
Allow the mapping of straight lines to curves. the similarity measure can be calculated globally, on the entire image, or locally on a subimage
Nonlinear transformation
pt with disease; modality with disease
True positive
Assigning of anatomic structures labels such as lungs to their same pixels of voxels
Classification texturing, and segregation
refers to use observers of ambient lighting and good environment to view the softcopy images and hardcopy images thru a negatoscope
observing testing and viewing environment
privacy and confidentiality of the information in the healthcare business institution
network security
Process of estimating a value beyond the range of available values
Extrapolation
measures falsely negative diseases of people
false positive rate
