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REIGN 109 > Midterms Postpartum Complications > Flashcards

Midterms Postpartum Complications Flashcards

1
Q

6-week period after birth

A

Postpartum Period

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2
Q

Retrogressive maternal changes

A

Involution of the uterus and vagina

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3
Q

Progressive maternal changes

A
  • Production of milk
  • Restoration of the menstrual cycle
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4
Q

How much blood loss in postpartum hermorrhage after VAGINAL BIRTH?

A

500ml or more of blood

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5
Q

How much blood loss in postpartum hermorrhage after CESAREAN BIRTH?

A

1000ml or more

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6
Q

Classifications of Postpartum hemorrhage (PPH)

A

Early (acute or primary)
- occurs within 24 hours of birth

Late (secondary)
- occurs more than 24 hours but less than 6 weeks postpartum

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7
Q

What does it suggest if there’s Spurts of blood with clots?

A

It may indicate partial placental separation.

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8
Q

What does it suggest if Failure of blood to clot or remain clotted?

A

It indicates coagulopathy

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9
Q

This is the Marked hypotonia of the uterus.

A

Uterine Atony

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10
Q

These are Lacerations of the cervix, vagina and perineum.

A

LACERATIONS OF THE GENITAL TRACT

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11
Q

What does it suggest if there’s Dark blood in lacerations?

A

probably of venous origin, varices, or superficial lacerations of the birth canal.

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12
Q

What does it suggest if there’s bright blood in lacerations?

A

arterial; indicates deep lacerations of the cervix

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13
Q

Classifications : Lacerations of the perineum

A
  • First degree - vaginal mucous membrane and skin of the perineum to the fourchette
  • Second degree- vagina, perineal skin , fascia, levator ani muscle, perineal body
  • Third degree - entire perineum, externals phincter of the rectum
  • Fourthdegree - entire perineum, rectal sphincter, mucous membrane of the rectum
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14
Q

Why bleeding occurs when there’s a retained placenta?

A
  • The retained parts keep the uterus from contracting fully.!
  • Uterine fundus is not firm.
  • Can be detected through UTZ and serum HCG levels.
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15
Q

Coagulopathies is assessed when laboratory results:

A

Increased prothrombin time & partial thromboplastin time
o Decreased platelet
o Decreased fibrinogen
o Prolonged bleeding time

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16
Q

pathologic form of clotting that diffuses and consumes large amounts of clotting factors

A

Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation (DIC)

17
Q

formation of a blood clot or clots inside a blood vessel

A

Thrombosis

18
Q

True or false? Symptoms of Thrombosis vary based on the clot’s location.

A

True

19
Q

Type of Thrombosis

A

Arterial thrombosis
- blood clots form in an artery o arteries (carry blood from your heart to the rest of your body)
- the most common cause of heart attacks and strokes.

Venous thrombosis
- blood clots form in a veins (carry blood back to your heart from your body)
- the most common cause of a pulmonary embolism (blood clot in your lung).

20
Q

vein inflammation: pain and swelling occur when a blood clot forms in one of your veins.

A

Thrombophlebitis

21
Q

Types of Thrombophlebitis

A

Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT)
- blood clots happen in major veins, usually in one of the legs.
- swelling, pain, redness, warmth, shiny, red, or white (phlegmasia alba dolens)
- Homans’ sign (+), unilateral o discomfort on dorsiflexion

Pelvic
- late, when ovarian, uterine, or hypogastric veins

22
Q

any clinical infection of the genital canal
occurs within 28 days after miscarriage,
abortion, or childbirth.

A

Puerperal infection

23
Q

Common Postpartum Infections

A

Endometritis
o Wound infections
o Mastitis
o Urinary tract infections
o Respiratory tract infections

24
Q

An infection of the lining of the uterus.

A

Endometritis

25
Q

Main sign of Endometritis

A

Fever (38 deg Celsius or 100.4 deg Fahrenheit)

26
Q

What are the Typical laboratory findings for Endometritis?

A
  • Leukocytosis (>20,000 mm3)
  • Anemia
  • Blood cultures or intracervical or intrauterine bacterial cultures reveal the offending pathogens within 36 to 48 hours.
27
Q

Sites of infection include

A

cesarean incision
and the episiotomy or repaired laceration site.

28
Q

When infection already spreads through the peritoneal cavity through fallopian
tubes

A

Peritonitis

29
Q

True or false? Mastitis is usually unilateral or one sided

A

True

30
Q

some immediate feelings (1 to 10 days postpartum) of sadness almost every woman notices after childbirth.

A

Postpartal Blues

31
Q

body’s coordinator for stress response

A

corticotrophin-releasing hormone (CRH)

32
Q

Hormonal shifts in postpartum blues

A

estrogen, progesterone, and corticotrophin-releasing hormone (CRH) levels in her body decline.

33
Q

A feeling of extreme sadness

A

Postpartum Depression

34
Q

An actual separation from reality

A

Postpartal Psychosis

REIGN 109 (3 decks)

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