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Piston Engines > Midterms > Flashcards

Midterms Flashcards

1
Q

What is the 4 stroke principle?

A

Intake Compression Power Exhaust

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2
Q

when do we do a Compression test?

A

after shutdown, to keep the engine warm for better sealing.

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3
Q

what position should the engine be in a Compression test?

A

TDC, Compression stroke

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4
Q

when timing or installing magneto what position should it be?

A

Before TDC, #1 cylinder, Compression Stroke

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5
Q

what are 2 methods we use in starting?

A

Impulse coupling, shower of sparks

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6
Q

where are shower sparks used?

A

retard breakers

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7
Q

what are retard breakers for?

A

reduce/eliminate kickback by delaying the sparks

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8
Q

how many sets of breakers are in a magneto?

A

2

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9
Q

what are the 2 breakers in a magneto?

A

Normal/Advance firing breaker & retard breaker

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10
Q

when does the retard breakers become active and how?

A

delays the spark until closer to TDC to prevent kickback

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11
Q

when you’re doing a compression test and you hear a hissing sound coming from the breather what’s the problem?

A

Piston rings Piston Cylinder

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12
Q

when you’re doing a compression test and you hear a hissing sound coming from the exhaust what’s the problem?

A

Exhaust Valve Exhaust Valve seat

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13
Q

types of lifters

A

hydraulic & solid

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14
Q

which type of lifter would compensate thermal expansion and engine heat?

A

Hydraulic (zero clearance on the valve tip)

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15
Q

what connects the piston to the crankshaft?

A

connecting rod (piston moves crankshaft)

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16
Q

what’s the most common type of oil pump?

A

Constant displacement

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17
Q

what does the oil dilution system do?

A

adds fuel to the oil on shutdown to keep the oil thin for start up next time

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18
Q

why do we wanna keep the oil thin?

A

for cold weather

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19
Q

if we don’t have a oil dilution system how do you keep the oil thin?

A

Pre-heating

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20
Q

what viscosity rating should you use in winter operation?

A

low viscosity

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21
Q

what viscosity rating should you use in summer operation?

A

high viscosity

22
Q

if we use 20W50 what does it mean?

A

20 = viscosity in cold, W = winter grade, 50 = viscosity in operating temperature

23
Q

how do we get the oil thicker when its warmer?

A

add thickening agent

24
Q

what does it mean if there’s a W in front of the grade?

A

Ashless-Dispersant Oil

25
Q

what type of oil do we use in break ins?

A

Mineral oil

26
Q

What does a mixture control do?

A

pilot controls it when density and altitude changes (rich or lean)

27
Q

where does the discharge nozzle sit inside the carburetor?

A

narrowest point of the venturi for maximimum restricition or the greatest pressure drop

28
Q

what does the discharge nozzle provides?

A

provide us constant fuel flow based on venturi effect and differential pressure

29
Q

what effect does the discharge nozzle have in idle?

A

none

30
Q

how do we control the idle rpm?

A

by adjusting the adjustment screw for idle stop in the throttle.

31
Q

how do we compensate for no venturi effect?

A

idle circuit

32
Q

WHEN INSTALLING A MAGNETO WHERE WOULD THE POSITION BE?

A

1 Cylinder, compression stroke, firing position

33
Q

WHICH POSITION SHOULD THE DOT ON THE PISTON RING BE?

A

On top

34
Q

WHICH OIL GRADE IS BEST FOR SUMMER TIME? 80 0R 120?

A

120

35
Q

WHICH OIL IS BEST FOR BREAKING TIME?

A

Mineral oil

36
Q

WHAT IS THE PURPOSE OF IMPULSE COUPLING?

A

prevents kickback and delays sparks

37
Q

WHICH TYPE OF LIFTER COMPENSATES FOR THERMAL EXPANSION?

A

Hydraulic Lifters

38
Q

NO MARGIN IN THE VALVE

A

NOTHING

39
Q

WHAT’S THE JOB OF THE DISCHARGE NOZZLE IN IDLE POSITION IN REGULAR CARBURETOR?

A

none

40
Q

CRITICAL LEANING OF THE MIXTURE RATIOS CAUSED BY SUDDEN OPEN OF THROTTLE IS PREVENTED BY?

A

Accelerator pump

41
Q

WHERE IS THE DISCHARGE NOZZLE LOCATED IN A NORMAL CARBURETOR?

A

Narrowest point of the venturi/greatest restriction of the venturi

42
Q

WHAT DESCRIBES THE PRESSURE CARBURETOR BEST?

A

prevents carb icing and discharge nozzle is on top of venturi

43
Q

WHAT DESCRIBES THE CONTINENTAL FUEL INJECTOR BEST?

A

distributes fuel individually to each cylinder continous flow system.

44
Q

INSIDE THE MANIFOLD VALVE WHAT CLOSES THE CUT-OFF VALVE?

A

Spring pressure

45
Q

WHAT IS THE MOST LIKELY CAUSE OF SUDDEN RICH RUNNING ENGINE AND FUEL DRAINING OUT OF THE INDUCTION FILTER IN AIRBOX?

A

Float valve has stuck

46
Q

WHAT IS THE PURPOSE OF OIL BYPASS VALVE?

A

to have constant speed all the time

47
Q

A VERNATHERM VALVE IS A DEVICE IN AN OIL SYSTEM USED TO?

A

control oil flow through cooler

48
Q

AN OIL DILUTION SYSTEM ADDS FUEL TO THE OIL SYSTEM TO?

A

thin oil for cold starting

49
Q

WHERE DO YOU CHECK THE OIL FILTER ELEMENT FOR METAL PARTICLES WITH A MAGNET?

A

On the outside surface of paper element

50
Q

PILOT COMPLAINED OF HESITATING WHEN HE DOES A SUDDEN ACCELERATION, WHAT IS LIKELY THE PROBLEM?

A

Needle is stuck in closed position

Piston Engines (2 decks)

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