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IPS > Midterms > Flashcards

Midterms Flashcards

1
Q

Technology can be:

A
  1. Any human made object
  2. Knowledge or skills to use an object.
  3. A person or group of people working together.
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2
Q

What should always be represented on the x-axis of a line graph?

A

Independent variable

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3
Q

In a controlled experiment, the ____________ is the observed condition that results from a change of the ____________.

A

Dependent variable

Independent variable

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4
Q

Absolute zero is equal to ____.

A

0° K (kelvin)

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5
Q

The amount of matter in an object is defined as_____.

A

Mass

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6
Q

What is volume?

A

The amount of space occupied by an object.

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7
Q

What is density?

A

The mass per unit volume of a material.

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8
Q

On this scale, the freezing point of water is 0°.

A

Celsius

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9
Q

What is Kelvin?

A

The SI unit for temperature.

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10
Q

What is Fahrenheit?

A

The unit based roughly on the temperature of the human body.

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11
Q

What is life science?

A

It deals with the science of living things.

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12
Q

What is earth science?

A

It deals with Earth and space.

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13
Q

What is physical science?

A

It deals with matter and energy.

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14
Q

What is the control?

A

The standard by which test results can be compared.

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15
Q

What is a pie graph used for?

A

To show how some fixed quantity is broken into parts.

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16
Q

What is a bar graph used for?

A

We’re comparing information collected by counting.

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17
Q

What is the metric system based on?

A

The metric system is based on multiples of 10.

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18
Q

What is the SI unit for length?

A

Meters

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19
Q

What is the SI unit for mass?

A

Kilograms

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20
Q

What is the Law of Mass Conservation?

A

“In all physical and chemical change in matter is neither created nor destroyed. “

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21
Q

What is the density of water?

A

1.0 g/ml

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22
Q

Scientist learn about the natural world through investigations involving three things. What are they?

A
  1. Observing
  2. Experimenting
  3. Building models
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23
Q

List the six steps of the scientific method in order.

A
  1. Ask a question
  2. Gather data
  3. Form a hypothesis
  4. Test your hypothesis
  5. Analyze data
  6. Draw a conclusion
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24
Q

What should you do if the hypothesis is proven correct?

A

Repeat step four several times.

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25
Q

What do you do if the hypothesis was proven incorrect?

A

Go back to step three and make a new hypothesis.

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26
Q

When should you use a bar graph?

A

When you’re dealing with counting.

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27
Q

When taking a quick look at my speedometer, I am reading the __________ speed.

A

Instantaneous

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28
Q

On a distance time-graph, what is always on the x-axis?

A

Time

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29
Q

What is a negative change in the rate of velocity?

A
  • acceleration

- deceleration

30
Q

If two vehicles are moving toward one another with equal velocity the one has greater momentum, and must also have greater _____.

A

Mass

31
Q

The way motion is described relies heavily on what?

A

The reference point that is chosen.

32
Q

What is displacement?

A

The distance and direction of an object’s change in position.

33
Q

What is motion?

A

A change in position relative to a reference point.

34
Q

What is velocity?

A

Speed with direction.

35
Q

What is acceleration?

A

The rate of change in velocity.

36
Q

What is momentum?

A

The product of an object’s mass times its velocity.

37
Q

What is deceleration?

A

A negative change in rate of velocity.

38
Q

What is speed?

A

The distance an object travels per unit of time

39
Q

What is average speed?

A

The speed of motion one speed is changing.

40
Q

According to Newton’s second law, the acceleration of an object…

A

…is directly related to the force of the object.

41
Q

The acceleration due to gravity is:

A
  1. The same for all objects

2. 9.8 m/s (squared)

42
Q

The force acting to keep me from sliding off and on ramp as a round the curb in my van is…

A

Rolling friction

43
Q

Movement typically occurs when the net force is…

A

Unbalanced

44
Q

The force pulling me towards the center as a round that ramp is…

A

Centripetal force

45
Q

What is inertia?

A

A resistance to change in motion.

46
Q

When calculating that force, objects in the same direction can be _______ together.

A

Added

47
Q

When adding balanced forces together, net force is ___.

A

0

48
Q

The attraction between two objects is affected by the objects _____ and _______.

A
  1. Mass

2. Distance

49
Q

My girl older stronger when there is _____________ pushing the objects together.

A

Force

50
Q

The gravitational force (Fg) exerted on an object is that object’s _______.

A

Weight

51
Q

If I were on the moon, my ______ would change. My _____ would not.

A
  1. Weight

2. Mass

52
Q

The inertia of an object is directly related to its _____.

A

Mass

53
Q

A flat paper balls more slowly than about a paper because it has greater ____________.

A

Surface area

54
Q

Which set of marbles, top or bottom, has a greater gravitational force between them? Why?

⚫️➡️ ⬅️⚫️

  ⚫️➡️ ⬅️⚫️
A

The bottom set, because they are closer together.

55
Q

Explain how oil decreases friction between two objects.

A

The oil fills in the spaces with prevents microwelds from forming.

56
Q

Explain why astronauts feel “weightless”while in orbit flying around the earth.

A

Because they’re in freefall.

57
Q

What is terminal velocity?

A

The fastest rate that an object can fall.

58
Q

Describe what occurs with the forces involved when an object reaches terminal velocity.

A

The force of gravity down is balanced by the air resistance up.

59
Q

Explain each of Newton’s three laws of motion.

A
  1. An object in motion stays in motion and an object at rest stays at rest until acted on by an outside force.
  2. F=ma
  3. For every action there’s an equal and opposite reaction.
60
Q

Explain how the earth helps the moon to stay in orbit

A

Centripetal force holds the moon closer to the earth.

61
Q

Explain why the water didn’t come out of the cup while it was falling in our lab experiment.

A

Because the cup and the water are falling at the same rate.

62
Q

What is energy?

A
  1. The ability to cause change.

2. The ability to do work.

63
Q

What is kinetic energy?

A

The energy a moving object has because of its motion.

64
Q

If the _________ of an object increases, it’s GPE will _________.

A

Height, increase
OR
mass, increase

65
Q

What is power?

A

The rate energy is converted.

66
Q

Mechanical energy includes:

A

Kinetic

67
Q

What is the law of energy conservation?

A

Matter/energy cannot be created or destroyed.

68
Q

I plug in the Christmas tree and it aluminates my daughters’ faces and warms their skin. List and describe three types of energy involved in this.

A
  1. Electrical – it is plugged in.
  2. Thermal – it warms their skin.
  3. Fradian – it shines on their faces.
69
Q

My car is sitting in the parking lot right now. Soon I will turn it on and drive it. The engine will be hot and the car will be moving. List and describe two types of energy involved in this.

A
  1. Kinetic – it is moving.

2. Thermal - it is hot.

70
Q

What is a factor that did not change when other variables change?

A

Constant

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