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Criminal Justice > Midterms > Flashcards

Midterms Flashcards

1
Q

Crime

A

Violation of the criminal laws of a state, the federal government, local jurisdiction, no legally acceptable justification or excuse.

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2
Q

Individual Rights

A

Rights guaranteed to members of American society by the U.S constitution .

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3
Q

Consensus model

A

Together harmoniously to achieve the society product we call justice.

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4
Q

Conflict Model

A

Components function primary to serve their own interests .

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5
Q

Criminal Justice

A

Strictest scene, the criminal , the law of criminal procedure, array of procedures and activities having to do with the enforcement of this body of law.

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6
Q

Individual Rights Advocates

A

One who seeks to protect personal freedom within the process of criminal justice .

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7
Q

Public Order Advocates

A

Under certain circumstances involving a criminal threat to to public safety, the interest of society should take precedence over individual rights

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8
Q

Criminal Justice System

A

Operating and administrative or technical support agencies that perform criminal justice function

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9
Q

Due Process

A

A right guaranteed by the fifth, sixth, and fourteenth amendment. Legal proceeding according to the rules and forms established to protect individual rights.

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10
Q

Arraignment

A

First appearance, listens to the information against him as its read, and are asked to enter a plea

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11
Q

Booking

A

Pictures, fingerprints, personal information, details of the charges, and records are made.

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12
Q

Preliminary Hearing

A

Wheatear a crime is committed. Wheatear the crime occurred within the territorial jurisdiction of the court. Wheatear there are reasonable grounds to believe that the defendant committed a crime

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13
Q

Indictment

A

A written accusation submitted by a grand jury, alleging that a specified person has committed a specific offense.

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14
Q

What starts the criminal justice process?

A

Arraignment

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15
Q

Miranda Rights and where it came from?

A

The police advise a person of his or her rights prior to questioning. Miranda V. Arizona

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16
Q

Standing Mute

A

Judge enters a pleas of not guilty on their behalf

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17
Q

Fourth Amendment

A

Declares that people must be safe on their homes and in their persons against unreasonable searches and seizures

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18
Q

Fifth Amendment

A

Enables due process

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19
Q

Sixth Amendmant

A

Every defendant has the right to trial by jury.

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20
Q

Fourteenth Amendment

A

Equal protection of the laws.

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21
Q

Criminology

A

Study of the causes and prevention of crime and the rehabilitation and punishment of offenders

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22
Q

What is the UCR?

A

Uniform Crime Reporting Program

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23
Q

NCVS

A

National Crime Victimization Survey- An annual survey of selected American households conducted by the Bureau of justice statistics to determine extent of criminal victim

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24
Q

NIBRS

A

An incident based reporting system that collects data on every single crime occurrence. National Incident Based Reporting System

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25
Q

Murder

A

The unlawful killing of a human being

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26
Q

How common is murder?

A

16,272

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27
Q

What weapon is used most often?

A

Firearms

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28
Q

Spree Killing

A

Likings at two or more locations with almost no time break between murders

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29
Q

Mass Murderers

A

Killing of four or more victims at one place

30
Q

Serial Killers

A

Killing of victims in three or more seperate events

31
Q

Clarence Rate Murder

A

A little over 60%

32
Q

Most reported crime

A

Larceny- Theft

33
Q

Least reported crime

A

Murder

34
Q

Motivation of Hate Crimes

A

Race

35
Q

Who produces UCR/NIBRS

A

Summary based

36
Q

Who produces NCVS

A

Victim self reports

37
Q

White collar crime

A

Committed by a person of respectability and high social status during their occupation . “Crime in the suites”

38
Q

UCR/NIBRS

A

Murder, rape, robbery, aggravated assault, burglary, larceny theft, motor vehicle theft, and arson

39
Q

When did the UCR and NCVS start.

A

1930

40
Q

Sarbates-Oxley Act

A

To deter and punish corporate and accounting fraud and corruption and protect the interests of workers and shareholders

41
Q

Act national background check for buying firearms.

A

Brady Handgun Violence Prevention Act

42
Q

Crime Typology

A

A classification of crimes along a Particular dimension,

43
Q

Organized Crime

A

The unlawful activities of the members of a highly organized disciplined asidicayion an gaged in supplying illegal goods or services

44
Q

Radical Criminology

A

The h equal distribution of wealth power or other resources which adherents

45
Q

Conformists

A

Accepts goals and means

46
Q

Innovators

A

Accepts goals, and rejects means

47
Q

Ritualistic

A

Reject success goals but perform daily task

48
Q

Retreatists

A

Reject means and goals and drop out if society.

49
Q

Rebels

A

To replace existing system of socially approved goals and means with some other system more to their liking

50
Q

Essay on Crimes and punishment

A

Cesare Beccaria

51
Q

Interdisciplinary theory

A

Theoretical viewpoints in an attempt to explain something such as crime

52
Q

Criminal behavior

A

CLasical, biological, psychobiological, psychological, sociological, social process, conflict, emergent

53
Q

Psychological Profiling

A

Categorize, understand, and predict the behavior of certain types of offenders based on behavioral clues they prove

54
Q

Classical school

A

18th century Approach to crime causation and criminal responsibility that grew out of the enlightenment and that emphasized the role of free will and a reasonable punishment

55
Q

Life course theory

A

Criminal behavior tends to follow an identifiable patterns throughout a persons life cycle

56
Q

Jurisprudence

A

Philosophy of law, the science Nd study of the law

57
Q

Statutory law

A

Written law, law on the books

58
Q

Criminal law

A

Rule and regulations that defines and specify the nature of and punishments

59
Q

Rule of law

A

The maxim

60
Q

Common law

A

Law originating from usage and customs

61
Q

Substantive criminal law

A

Describes what constitutes particular crimes

62
Q

Tort

A

A wrongful act not involving a breach of contract

63
Q

Administrative law

A

Body of regulation that control the activities of industry business individuals

64
Q

Precedent

A

A legal principle

65
Q

Categories of crimes

A

Felonies, misdemeanors, offenses, treason and espionage, and inchoate offenses

66
Q

Attendant circumstances

A

Facts surrounding and event

67
Q

Four types of Defense

A

Alibi, justification,excuses, and procedural.

68
Q

Justification

A

Self defense, defense of others, home, necessity, consent, resisting unlawful arrest

69
Q

Excuse Defense

A

Durees, age, mistake, involuntary intoxication, unconsciousness, provocation, insanity,diminished capcity, mental

70
Q

Procedural defenses

A

Entrapment, double jeopardy, collateral, selective prosecution, denial of speedy trail, persecutional misconduct, police fraud

71
Q

Three elements of crimes

A

Actus Reus, men’s rea, a concurrence of the two

Criminal Justice (1 decks)

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