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MIDTERMS Flashcards

0
Q

Why is the word antisemitism misleading?

A

It’s misleading because the actual definition of antisemitism has to do with the study of multiple languages and nothing to do with religion

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1
Q

Antisemitism

A

The hatred towards all Jews and its significant because it is one of the biggest roles during the holocaust.

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2
Q

Why were physically/mentally disabled people targeted during the holocaust?

A

They were targeted because the nazis believed it would be easier to get people on board with it and keep the program a secret.

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3
Q

Why were gypsies targeted by the nazis?

A

They were related to criminal act and they couldn’t be defined by any type of racial group or social groups. Nomadic

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4
Q

Why were the Jehovah’s witnesses targeted by the nazis?

A

They didn’t know their door to door preaching, preached different ideas, wouldn’t pledge to the nazi government, wouldn’t serve in the military, and wouldn’t acknowledge state authority if it didn’t go with their religion.

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5
Q

Why did the nazis target the Freemasons?

A

Secretive, atheistic, disobedience, and liberalism.

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6
Q

Why did the nazis target the communists?

A

They would abided to hitlers shenanigans.

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7
Q

Why did the nazis target homosexuals?

A

They believed it was wrong to like the same sex for a long period of time outside experimenting.

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8
Q

Why did the nazis target the Slavs?

A

They didn’t have the same cultural achievements. Believed to be barbaric, uneducated, and primitive.

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9
Q

Causes of the holocaust

A

Political will, manipulation, and leadership

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10
Q

The difference between Nazi and German

A

Not all Germans were Nazis and not all Nazis are German.

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11
Q

Nazi groups in other nations

A

Romans: worried a different god would jeopardize the nations security. Restrictions were made like ID badges and specific living locations

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12
Q

Why the Nazis targeted already marginalized groups?

A

Easier to get others on board with what they were doing because they already weren’t well liked.

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13
Q

Ancient Roman treatment of the Jews

A

Forced to wear ID badges, moved from homes, or move out of country completely.
Because they worried that their worship of one God jeopardized the empires security

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14
Q

Difference between Christians and Jews

A

The main difference between the two is that Christians believed God wasn’t from this earth and that Jesus is the messiah

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15
Q

Jewish restrictions during the Middle Ages

A

Forced the live is certain areas, ID badges, and forced out of the area completely

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16
Q

Martin Luther’s influence on Hitler

A

Influenced many of Hitlers ideas and many of his speeches

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17
Q

Napoleons treatment of the Jews

A

He tried to repeal the laws against the Jewish people, which he made technically lawful but was never acted upon

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18
Q

Pale settlement

A

It was a precursor for Nazi behavior because it forced the Jews to live in certain communities like ghettos

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19
Q

Why were Jews over represented in some professions?

A

They were excluded from so many other jobs that those were the only options

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20
Q

Sephardic Jews

A

They had a different language from other Jews and lived in different areas

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21
Q

Eugenics

A

Study of blood and race and the scientific belief that only the healthiest and strongest with reproduce. Significant because it gave probed to wipe out the undesirables

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22
Q

Selective breeding

A

When you pick certain people to reproduce to make the best product and becomes popular during the 20th century.

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23
Q

Karl Binding and Alfred Hoche

A

Wrote a book against war veterans saying that they were useless and it’s significant because it supports the idea of selective breeding and eugenics

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24
Herero/Nama of Africa
Genocide killing these people and it's significant because it shows total victory by the German troops by wiping out all those people
25
Which country did most African Germans come from?
French troops
26
Paradox about homosexuals during the 1920s
Berlin was a homosexual hotspot but many were killed or attacked there because it was so greatly populated
27
Treaty of Versailles factors
Put all the war guilt on Germany, millions in reparations, limited the German army, 10% of gain territory lost
28
Intentionalists
Believed Hitler to be the master mind of mass murder which is opposite from the functionalists
29
Functionalists
Believed Hitlers ideas were developed over time and was saw as a weak leader. Different from the intentionalists ideas
30
Did Hitler has Jewish heritage?
No.
31
Pan-Germanism
Idea that all Germans should be held together in one state and no dispersed everywhere.
32
Karl Lueger
Influenced Hitler with antisemitic propaganda
33
Social Darwinism
When only the strong people survive and reproduce because if their genetic make up makes then different. Significant because that's what Hitler believed
34
Richard Wagner
Wrote grande operas and he's significant because he helped Hitler develop his ideas in politics and power
35
National socialist German workers party (Nazis)
Preexisting group that Hitler joined and immediately became a very popular speaker. Party he becomes control over
36
Mein kampf
Autobiography/propaganda piece written by Hitler while in jail. Two parts: his life story and his plans for taking over the world. Antisemitic ideas
37
Geli Raubal
Was Hitlers niece and closest emotional relationship. She commits suicide.
38
Redemptive Antisemitism
How Hitler used his ideas to kill the Jews -> that it was gods will and they must act upon it
39
Reason for sense of urgency
That it was gods will and they must act upon it. Believed the Aryan's race was already ruined and needed to be fixed immediately. Didn't give people time to think.
40
Hitlers view of women
Viewed them only has a source of reproduction.
41
Fuhrer principle
It meant commitment to uncontested leadership and wanted total loyalty from the people. Be an absolute ruler
42
Hermann Goring
WWI hero, Luftwaffe commander, started Gestapo and 4 year plan, significant role in the nazi party
43
Joseph Goebbels
He was a journalist and he was the head of of propaganda, stirred up hatred
44
Heinrich Himmler
Second most powerful man next to Hitler, started the idea of concentration camps head of SS, architect of mass murder
45
Gertrud Scholtz-Klink
Woman leader in the Nazi Party who provided Hitler with help, National Women's leader
46
Achievements of the Weimar Republic
Supposed to be a temporary government, first European power to give women the right to vote other than Russia, major film development, strongest economy
47
Weimar Republics national security situation
Extremely well done and there was no threat whatsoever
48
Myth of a stab in the back
People believed they were mislead and stabbed in the back during wartime, civilians against military and gave no support but were blamed for no support
49
Reichstag
German parliament, made up of peoples representatives
50
Why did Germans join extremist political parties?
Joined during hard times and wanted change quickly
51
US stock market crash
Worsened Germany's economic situation, increase in unemployment, commodity prices, and shrinking markets
52
Heinrich Bruning
Was chancellor and persuaded the president to put article 48 into action
53
Article 48
Allowed the president to govern during a state of emergency
54
Reichstag fire
Burning of a parliament building, communists were framed to gain disapproval towards them.
55
Enabling law
Enabled Hitler to make decisions on his own without going through parliament and eliminated the Reichstag
56
Paragraph 175
Outlawed sexual relations between men. People were indifferent to this or cheered it on.
57
Paul Von Hindenburg
President of Germany, people's last hope to stop Hitlers reign.
58
Hitlers change to the military oath
Instead of swearing allegiance to Germany, they now swear allegiance to Hitler.
59
Nuremberg Laws
Laws created that were against Jews, gave specifics to the types of relations you can have with Jews, how people were classified significant cause it finally gave the outline of who was Jewish
60
Reich citizenship law
Didn't decided if you were aryan or not. Just that you weren't Jewish. Took away German citizenship
61
Mischlinge
People who had Jewish grandparents but still passed as non-Jewish.
62
Triumph of the will
Propaganda movie that is the most successful of its time, about the party rally, Leni Refenchal
63
SD (surveillance unit)
A type of police that finds out information and reports back, like the secret service
64
Reason for rearmament and conscription
Done in secret, breaking treaty of Versailles. Building the army and drafting of men.
65
Four-Year Plan
Hitlers plan to get ready for war and finish it.
66
Reasons why Hitler got involved in the Spanish civil war
Allowed him to go against communism, allied with France, test out military and new technology
67
Germany's third phase of development
Actively looking for war, wanted territory, and to prove themselves
68
How did success/territorial gain play a part in Hitlers strategy?
The more success he was the more accepting the people were which caused less stress and gave Hitler confidence
69
Anschluss
Italy and Austria battling over some lands and Germany gains them. Annexation of Austria to Germany. Italy wanted those lands
70
Kurt Von schuschnigg
Chancellor of Austria, doesn't want to annex Austria, announce special vote to see if people were for it. They were.
71
Austrians response to German invasion
Germany gave many hope people cheered for them
72
Sudetenland
Czechoslovakia owned it, Germany wants it because of its citizens and wanted the land back. Lebanstraum provide for the war.
73
Munich Conference
France/Britain/Germany/Czechoslovakia -> leaves Czechoslovakia out and they give Germany the land as appeasement
74
Appeasement
Giving into a countries needs to avoid conflict
75
How did Hitler take over the rest of Czechoslovakia?
Took over militarily, walked right on in
76
Kristallnacht
Night of broken glass which was the attacks on Jewish businesses and homes synagogues
77
Neville chamberlain
British prime minister, gave into Hitlers demands for appeasement.
78
Changes because of Kristallnacht
Said violence wouldn't be as public any more and Jews paid repercussions many fled afterwards
79
Dachau
First concentration camps, used to make people into useful citizens people sent there were political opponents and antisocial elements
80
1936 Berlin Olympics
Cleaned up the street and put people into camps, have them a reason
81
What was hitlers approach to foreign policy during the mid 1930s
Talk peace and plan for war
82
Anglo-German naval agreement
Supposed to stop naval war and allowed Germany to violate treaty of Versailles and they started to rebuild
83
Hitler Stalin pact
Public proclamation of friendship and nonaggression secret alliance to divide lands (no intentions of keeping it)
84
Hitlers speech 1-1-1939
Speech on what he wanted out of the war, solving the Jewish problem, race and space
85
Why did many non Jewish people attempt to leave Germany?
Feared for safety, many still saw camps, political stance, sexuality. trouble was paperwork and money
86
St. Louis
Transport of 8,000-9,000 people over seas and no one would take them, sent back to Europe

Holocaust (1 decks)

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