MIDTERMS Flashcards
1
Q
What is Rizal Law or RA 1425?
A
A Philippine Law requiring all schools to offer courses on the life, works, and writings of Dr. Jose Rizal
2
Q
When was RA 1425 proposed?
A
April 03, 1956
3
Q
Who proposed Senate Bill No. 438?
A
Senator Claro M. Recto
4
Q
What was the primary concern of nationalist policymakers in 1956?
A
Many Filipinos had lost their sense of identity
5
Q
What did nationalist leaders believe was key to fostering national identity?
A
Education
6
Q
What is the Noli-Fili Bill?
A
An Act to make Noli Me Tangere and El Filibusterismo compulsory reading in colleges and universities
7
Q
Who sponsored the Noli-Fili Bill in the Senate?
A
Senator Jose P. Laurel, Sr.
8
Q
What was one of the criticisms from the Catholic Church regarding the Noli-Fili Bill?
A
It was an attempt to discredit the Catholic religion
9
Q
What were the Catholic Church’s concerns about the novels Noli Me Tangere and El Filibusterismo?
A
They contain anti-Catholic passages and could cause conflict
10
Q
Which groups organized opposition to the Noli-Fili Bill?
A
- Catholic Action of the Philippines
- Congregation of the Mission
- Knights of Columbus
- Catholic Teachers Guild
11
Q
What was the outcome of the Noli-Fili Bill and House Bill No. 5561 on May 12-14, 1956?
A
Both were unanimously approved on the second reading
12
Q
When was RA 1425 signed into law?
A
June 12, 1956
13
Q
What does RA 1425 mandate regarding the curricula of educational institutions?
A
Courses on the life, works, and writings of Jose Rizal must be included
14
Q
What are the two novels specifically mentioned in RA 1425?
A
Noli Me Tangere and El Filibusterismo
15
Q
What must schools keep in their libraries according to RA 1425?
A
Adequate copies of the original and unexpurgated editions of Rizal’s works
16
Q
What is the purpose of the appropriation mentioned in RA 1425?
A
To carry out the purposes of the Act, specifically three hundred thousand pesos
17
Q
What is one of the salient points of the Rizal Law?
A
To rededicate the lives of youth to the ideals of freedom and nationalism
18
Q
True or False: The study of Rizal is mandated by law.
A
True
19
Q
What significant historical period is referred to as the ‘Birth of Modernity’?
A
19th century
20
Q
What major revolutions occurred during the 18th and 19th centuries?
A
- American Revolution
- French Revolution
21
Q
What economic opportunity arose for the Philippines in 1834?
A
Opening the Philippine economy to world commerce
22
Q
What was the Galleon Trade?
A
A trade system that closed the ports of Manila to all countries except Mexico
23
Q
What significant event in 1895 showcased the economic growth of the Philippines?
A
Total trade grew to 62 million pesos
24
Q
Define ‘Ilustrados’.
A
Educative natives seeking freedom and reforms from Spanish rule
25
What was the social status of education during Spanish colonization?
Considered a status symbol and a luxury
26
Who were the Peninsulares?
Pure-blooded Spaniards born in the Iberian Peninsula
27
Fill in the blank: The Spanish Crown saw the Philippines as a ______.
Dumping ground for societal misfits
28
What was a key factor in the emergence of nationalism in the late 19th century?
Exposure to liberal ideas from secular education in Europe
29
What was the ILUSTRADOS?
A group of educated natives who sought freedom and reforms from Spanish rule
## Footnote
The term ILUSTRADO means 'erudite', 'learned', or 'enlightened ones'.
30
What key factor contributed to the emergence of nationalism in the late 19th century?
The cultural development due to the rapid spread of education from about 1860.
31
What was the significance of the Educational Decree of 1863?
It mandated the establishment of a public school system throughout the Philippines and required each town to have at least one primary school for boys and girls.
32
What challenges did the Educational Decree of 1863 face?
Lack of resources and qualified teachers.
33
What impact did the return of the Jesuits have on education in the Philippines?
Ateneo transformed into a secondary school that offered advanced instruction resembling today's college.
34
What subjects were emphasized at Ateneo after the Jesuits returned?
* Latin
* Spanish
* Greek
* French
* English
* Literature
* Science
* Philosophy
* Natural Science
35
True or False: The Spanish colonial government in the Philippines was highly centralized and authoritarian.
True.
36
What was a notable feature of the Spanish colonial government's treatment of Filipinos?
They enforced strict social and political hierarchies, denying basic political rights and freedoms.
37
What does the term 'RIZAL' mean in the context of Jose Rizal's name?
'Green fields' as per the Claveria Decree.
38
Who was Jose Rizal's mother and what was her significance?
Teodora Alonso Realonda; she was a remarkable woman who educated her children and instilled values of discipline, justice, and compassion.
39
What nickname did Jose Rizal acquire and why?
'PEPE' because 'P.P.' stands for 'pater putativus', meaning 'putative father'.
40
What was Jose Rizal's first sorrow?
The untimely death of his younger sister Concepcion at the age of three.
41
What were the four R's in the typical schooling of an ilustrado child?
* Reading
* Writing
* Arithmetic
* Religion
42
Who was Rizal's first teacher?
His mother, Teodora Alonso Realonda.
43
What was the context of education during Rizal's early years?
Instruction was rigid and strict, focusing on the four R's.
44
What educational principles did Jose Alberto Alonso instill in Rizal?
An appreciation for nature and various art forms such as painting, sketching, and sculpture.
45
Fill in the blank: The Spanish missionaries taught that all men are ______ before God.
equal
46
What was the impact of the Cavite uprising in 1872?
A protest among laborers against the withdrawal of their privilege of exemption from tribute and personal service.
47
What role did the church play in the state proceedings during Rizal's time?
Manipulated the indigenous people to comply with the state’s laws.
48
What was the social and political condition of the Philippines during Rizal's time?
Widespread calls for democracy and rampant corruption in the justice system.
49
What educational reforms occurred in the mid-19th century?
* Focus on teaching skilled labor
* Establishment of a public school system
* Return of the Jesuits influencing higher education
50
What did Rizal express about the Jesuits in his letter?
They showed him all that is beautiful and best, contributing to his love for country.
51
Who was Rizal's first teacher?
Doña Teodora
## Footnote
She was patient, conscientious, and understanding.
52
What talent did Doña Teodora discover in her son?
Talent for poetry
## Footnote
She encouraged his imagination through storytelling.
53
What subjects did Manuel Alonso teach Rizal?
Various athletic skills, including swimming, fencing, wrestling, and other martial arts.
54
What was the name of Rizal's tutor in Spanish and Latin?
Leon Monroy
55
Who accompanied Rizal when he left Calamba for Biñan?
Paciano
56
How long did it take Rizal to reach Biñan?
One and one-half hours
57
What was the name of Rizal's teacher in Biñan?
Maestro Justiniano Aquino Cruz
58
How did Rizal describe his teacher in Biñan?
Tall, thin, long-necked, with a sharp nose and a slightly bent body
59
In which subjects did Rizal excel in Biñan?
Spanish, Latin, and other subjects
60
What leisure activity did Rizal engage in while studying in Biñan?
Painting
## Footnote
He became an apprentice to a master painter named Juancho.
61
What significant event occurred on January 20, 1872?
Cavite Mutiny
62
What was the outcome for the priests after the Cavite Mutiny?
Execution, imprisonment, or exile
63
What did Rizal dedicate his second novel, El Filibusterismo, to?
The memory of the martyrs
64
What was the academic ranking system at Ateneo based on?
Competition between two groups of students
65
What program did Rizal enroll in at Ateneo?
Bachiller en Artes
66
What subjects were included in Rizal's Bachiller en Artes program?
* Christian Doctrine
* Languages (Spanish, Latin, Greek, French)
* History and Geography
* Mathematics and Sciences
* Classic Disciplines
67
What did Rizal achieve at Ateneo after his first year?
He became the Emperor of their empire
68
What did Rizal receive for his academic achievements at Ateneo?
Five medals
69
What course did Rizal initially take at the University of Santo Tomas?
Philosophy and Letters
70
Why did Rizal shift his studies from Philosophy and Letters to Medicine?
To help cure his mother's blindness
71
What was Rizal's performance like at UST compared to Ateneo?
Not as strong
72
Who was Rizal's greatest love?
Leonor Rivera
73
What was the name of the literary contest where Rizal won first prize?
A la Juventud Filipina
74
What was Rizal's secret mission during his studies in Europe?
To observe lives, cultures, laws, and governments for Philippine liberation
75
Where did Rizal study medicine and philosophy in Spain?
Universidad Central de Madrid
76
Who did Rizal train under in Paris for his medical education?
Dr. Louis de Wecker
77
What was Rizal's title after completing his surveying training?
Perito agrimensor (expert surveyor)
78
Which two women did Rizal have significant relationships with during his studies?
* Leonor Valenzuela
* Josephine Bracken
79
Who was the woman Rizal first loved at age 16?
Segunda Katigbak
80
What was the main reason for Rizal's struggles at UST?
Dissatisfaction with the education system
81
Who were the two Filipino painters celebrated at the banquet?
Juan Luna and Manuel Hidalgo
82
What did Jose Rizal study in Paris?
Ophthalmology
83
Who did Rizal train under in Paris?
Dr. Louis de Wecker
84
Where did Rizal continue his ophthalmology studies in Germany?
University Eye Hospital in Heidelberg
85
What significant work did Rizal publish in 1887?
Noli Me Tangere
86
What were the specific goals of the propaganda movement?
* Representation of the Philippines in the Cortes
* Secularization of the clergy
* Equality of Spanish and Filipino
* Creation of a public school system independent of the friars
* Abolition of the polo and vandala
* Guarantee of basic freedoms of speech and association
* Equal opportunity for Filipinos and Spanish to enter government service
87
What did Rizal write for La Solidaridad?
He wrote about Spanish injustices in the Philippines
88
What is La Liga Filipina?
A progressive organization created by Dr. Jose Rizal in 1892
89
What were the goals of La Liga Filipina?
* Unity among Filipinos
* Mutual aid and assistance
* Defend against injustice
* Promote education and commerce
* Push for reforms
90
What was the KKK?
Kataastaasan, Kagalanggalangang Katipunan ng mga Anak ng Bayan, a secret revolutionary society
91
When was the KKK formed?
July 7, 1892
92
What was the political goal of the KKK?
To completely separate the Philippines from Spain
93
What was the moral goal of the KKK?
To teach good manners, cleanliness, hygiene, and fine morals
94
What was the civic goal of the KKK?
To encourage Filipinos to help themselves and defend the oppressed
95
What was the Cry of Pugad Lawin?
The event when the existence of the Katipunan was revealed to Spanish authorities
96
When did the Philippines declare independence from Spain?
June 12, 1898
97
What was Rizal's approach to reform?
He believed in peaceful reforms through education and civic engagement
98
What happened on June 26, 1892, upon Rizal's return to Manila?
He was declared an enemy and faced scrutiny from authorities
99
What were the charges against Rizal during his trial?
* Rebellion
* Sedition
* Illegal Association
100
What was Rizal's defense against the charges?
He presented twelve points to prove his innocence
101
What was the outcome of Rizal's trial?
He was sentenced to death by musketry
102
What did Rizal do on the morning of his execution?
* He woke up to hear mass
* He read 'Imitation of Christ'
* He had his last breakfast
103
What were Rizal's last words?
Consummatum est (It is finished)
104
What did Rizal's death symbolize for the Filipinos?
It sparked the revolution against Spanish rule
105
What significant contributions did Rizal make during his exile in Dapitan?
* Engaged in medicine
* Ran a school
* Introduced farming innovations
* Conducted scientific research
* Improved local infrastructure
106
What did Rizal win in the lottery?
He won a substantial amount and used it to buy agricultural land
107
What community project did Rizal implement in Dapitan?
Designed coconut oil lamps for lighting and health purposes
108
What species were named in honor of Rizal?
* Draco rizali (a flying lizard)
* Rachophorous rizali (a frog)
* Apogonia rizali (a beetle)
109
In what year did Rizal volunteer to go to Cuba?
1896
110
What was the date of Rizal's execution?
December 30, 1896
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