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Building System Design > midterms > Flashcards

midterms Flashcards

1
Q

The main purpose is to protect the public by setting up the minimum acceptable level of safety for buildings, products, and processes.

A

CODES AND REGULATIONS

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2
Q

Presidential Decree 1096

A

The National Building Code of the Philippines

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3
Q

The purpose of this Code is to provide for all buildings and structures, a framework of minimum standards and
requirements to regulate and control their location, site, design, quality of materials, construction, use,
occupancy, and maintenance.

A

The National Building Code of the Philippines (Presidential Decree 1096)

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4
Q

Declaration Policy:
Policy of the State to safeguard life, health, property, and public welfare, consistent with the principles
of sound environmental management and control.

A

The National Building Code of the Philippines (Presidential Decree 1096)

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5
Q

This code shall apply to the design and construction, repair, alteration, renovation, and use of any building and
other structures for human habitation and all other activities of human endeavor, including the architectural
aspects of infrastructure projects such as roads, bridges, and the like.

A

Architectural Code of The Philippines

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6
Q

Declaration Policy:
Designed to be consistent, complementary, and compatible as a referral code to NBC and all allied
referral codes under the purview of NBC.

A

Architectural Code of The Philippines

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7
Q

Establish minimum requirements for structural systems using prescriptive and performance-based
principles provisions.

A

National Structural Code of the Philippines

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8
Q

The primary objective of the code is to establish basic materials quality and electrical works standards
for the safe use of electricity for light, heat, power, communications, signaling, and for other purposes

A

Electrical Code of the Philippines

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9
Q

Practical safeguarding of persons and property from hazards arising from the use of electricity.

A

Electrical Code of the Philippines

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10
Q

Declaration Policy:
Policy of the State to ensure public safety, promote economic development thru prevention and
suppression of all kinds of destructive fires.

A

Fire Code of the Philippines (Republic Act 9514)

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11
Q

Promote the professionalization of the fire service as a profession.

A

Fire Code of the Philippines (Republic Act 9514)

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12
Q

Republic Act 9514

A

Fire Code of the Philippines

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13
Q

The basic goal of the 1999 ________________ of the Philippines is to ensure the unqualified observance
of the latest provisions of the plumbing and environmental laws.

A

National Plumbing Code

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14
Q

Presidential Decree 856

A

Sanitation Code of the Philippines

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15
Q

Improvement of the way of the Filipinos by directing public health services towards the protection and
promotion of the health of the people.

A

Sanitation Code of the Philippines (Presidential Decree 856)

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16
Q

Executive Officer of the OBO appointed by the Secretary.

A

BUILDING OFFICIAL

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17
Q

A document issued by the Building Official (BO) to an owner/applicant to proceed
with the construction, or other work activity of a specific project/building/structure

A

BUILDING PERMIT

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18
Q

known as the National Building Code of the Philippines.

A

PD 1096

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19
Q

DPWH

A

The Department of Public Works and Highways

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20
Q

Head or Chief Executive Officer of DPWH.

A

SECRETARY

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21
Q

The Executive Officer or Head of the NBCDO.

A

EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR

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22
Q

OBO

A

OFFICE OF THE BUILDING OFFICIAL

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23
Q

Office authorized to enforce the provisions of the Code
and its IRR in the field as well as the enforcement of orders and decisions made pursuant thereto.

A

OFFICE OF THE BUILDING OFFICIAL (OBO)

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24
Q

NBCDO

A

National Building Code Development Office

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25
Q

is created through DPWH Department Order, shall
serve as the technical staff of the Secretary.

A

National Building Code Development Office (NBCDO)

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26
Q

shall be responsible for carrying out the provisions of the Code in the field as well
as the enforcement of orders and decisions made pursuant thereto.

A

Building Officials

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27
Q

is a dynamic process that includes several factors. The principles of ____________ involve satisfying a defined criterion on a priority basis – as a result, ________________ is frequently about compromise.

A

SPACE PLANNING

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28
Q

The design of a building or room may have several client or end-user specifications. It is important to carry out
in-depth research at the very early stages of design and understand as many aspects of space use as possible.

A

Phase 1: Collection of Information

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29
Q

Looking at how to build spaces and fit humans in those spaces we may find certain basic ideas of how people
communicate with their environments.

A

Phase 2: Interpret Requirements

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30
Q

How people move around the building from room to room is just as important as the destination. When developing
a circulation structure, we can look at a few basic principles.

A

Phase 4: Developing Circulation

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31
Q

When the spaces have been discussed and the criteria identified, it is time to begin sketching out diagrams of
the relationship. The relationship diagram takes your design from data to a more visual look at physically planning out your space. It’s abstract and rough, but it helps you to develop your understanding of the requirements and
imagine how the spaces fit together and how the interaction between them can flow.

A

Phase 5: Create the Solution

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32
Q

As your sketch diagrams develop you can begin to build a rough sketch plan of your spaces, this is sometimes
known as

A

bubble diagramming or adjacency diagrams

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33
Q

helps you make the connection between basic spatial requirements and a fully drafted floor
plan. It is essentially a trial-and-error method of exploring the configuration options.

A

The bubble diagram

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34
Q

if you are designing a new building the ____________________ can often be connected with your concept
and site analysis to develop the design.

A

bubble diagram

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35
Q

After some ideas have been sketched, these ideas can then be checked and areas requiring improvement can
be searched for.

A

Phase 6: Review and Revise

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36
Q

six phases of space planning

A

Phase 1: Collection of Information
Phase 2: Interpret Requirements
Phase 3: Consideration of Spaces and Spatial Relationships
Phase 4: Developing Circulation
Phase 5: Create the Solution
Phase 6: Review and Revise

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37
Q

Evaluating various spatial options and their relationships for optimal layout.

A

Phase 3: Consideration of Spaces

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38
Q

Places key elements at the center for easy access and visibility.

A

Centralized Organization

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39
Q

Arranges elements in a straight line, optimizing flow in one direction.

A

Linear Organization

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40
Q

Uses a central point with paths extending outward, enhancing interaction.

A

Radial Organization

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41
Q

Groups related elements together, improving collaboration and efficiency.

A

Clustered Organization

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42
Q

Employs a structured layout using rows and columns for clarity and order.

A

Grid Organization

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43
Q

It makes a building easy to navigate and contributes to the overall functionality of the building.

A

Efficiency

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44
Q

Focuses on maintaining privacy and minimizing interference in movement.

A

Discreetness

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45
Q

Emphasizes the smooth and continuous flow of movement throughout the building.

A

Fluidity

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46
Q

One of the technical aspects of doing a building project is ________________. Whether it might be the quality of the soil,
the structural load, the amount of concrete, or many more, multiple tests and calculations in order for the project to achieve its completion and somehow save some pennies for the overall budget.

A

CALCULATIONS

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47
Q

The percentage of
water in the soil, often known as

A

soil’s water content or moisture.

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48
Q

Types of Soil Test

A

Moisture Content Test.
Specific Gravity Test.
Dry Density Test for Soil.
Atterberg Limits Test
Compaction or Proctor’s Test.

49
Q

The weight of soil particles in a specific volume of sample is known as

A

dry density

50
Q

are two elements that affect a soil’s dry density

A

The void ratio and specific gravity

51
Q

This test reveals the soil’s essential water level. The test offers three tests that illustrate the characteristics of a fine-grained soil sample under various circumstances.

A

Atterberg Limits Test

52
Q

is the process of densifying soil by compressing the air voids.

A

soil compaction

53
Q

developed the concept and created a blend of clay and limestone back in 1824.

A

Joseph Aspdin

54
Q

is quantified in terms of volume. The ratio of cement to aggregate particles utilized has an impact on concrete’s durability as well.

A

Concrete

55
Q

is a force that a home frame must be able to withstand. Eight of these loads,
including wind, earth, and snow, must be accommodated by the frame without causing the structure catastrophic
stress.

A

building load

56
Q

is made up of a collection of carefully spaced-apart beams and columns that are used to build multi-story buildings.

A

frame

57
Q

are so closely linked to the column, the column rotates as well.

A

beams

58
Q

HVAC

A

heating, ventilation, and air conditioning

59
Q

the system of pipes, tanks, fittings, and other apparatus required for the water supply, heating, and sanitation in a building

A

Plumbing

60
Q

maintains clean indoor air in addition to keeping you warm in the winter and cool in the summer.

A

HVAC

61
Q

is a part of the contract documents contained in the project manual consisting of written
documents describing the scope of work, materials that are to be used and the technical nature of materials, the
methods of installation, equipment, construction systems, standards, and the quality of workmanship under
contract.

A

SPECIFICATIONS

62
Q

are a tender document often references about the specific requirements and
construction standards for various elements of a project.

A

Technical specifications

63
Q

are prepared to provide
consistency and to instruct contractors on how the works are to be carried out, the quality of the workmanship,
and methods of quality assurance for the construction project.

A

Technical specifications

64
Q

are prepared to a level
that allows the works to be constructed accurately.

A

Technical specifications

65
Q

describe the project design and construction practices, technical standards,
specifications and principles to be followed during construction.

A

Technical specifications

66
Q

Performance specifications, also known as

A

performance criteria or functional requirements

67
Q

describe the final results that are expected from a construction project. It discusses the operational
requirements of a project.

A

Performance Specifications

68
Q

It discusses the operational
requirements of a project.

A

Performance Specifications

69
Q

requires the use of a single approved product type for any particular installation.

A

Proprietary Specification

70
Q

are often used in cases where there is existing equipment or
materials that are already on site.

A

Proprietary specifications

71
Q

are very similar to prescriptive construction documents—except for the
fact that they’re written with one particular product in mind.

A

Proprietary Specifications

72
Q

is used by architects and contractors whenever a specific product is
required due to its relationship with the owner’s company or something else associated with the building like
high-end luxury finishes in a hotel, for instance.

A

proprietary specification

73
Q

convey the requirements of a project through a detailed
explanation of the materials that the contractor must use (including product options), and the means of installing
those materials.

A

Prescriptive specifications

74
Q

Commonly used in commercial and residential work, this type of construction
specification is called a

A

General Specifications

75
Q

covers various options — including both materials and
details on installation processes like how many layers of paint should be applied throughout construction.

A

general specification

76
Q

is slightly different from a general one because it covers virtually
every aspect of construction in precise terms.

A

Detailed Specifications

77
Q

This type of construction specification is typically used when owners have little or no
experience working on large-scale projects and need more guidance.

A

Detailed Specifications

78
Q

These are the most common types and cover things like flooring
materials and steel thickness requirements for beams and columns.

A

Standard specifications:

79
Q

are typically used in more complicated cases where
unique details might be required (like installing a specific brand of windows or doors). They’re
often the most detailed type of construction specification.

A

Special specifications

80
Q

Quantity survey is the art or knowledge in which materials quantity and entire cost are determined. It is
also generally known as

A

Estimating

81
Q

is the art or knowledge in which materials quantity and entire cost are determined.

A

Quantity survey

82
Q

plays a vital role in estimation and construction of any relevant project. It will help in the determination of all related applicable costs and materials quantity so that all those factors are determined, and
funds are released for the project in case if acceptable.

A

Quantity survey

83
Q

is conducted in two ways despite the nature of the project whether the project is of
construction, sewerage system, canal digging, or road construction, and so forth.

A

Estimation

84
Q

is conducted that will help in the determination of the cost.

A

Rough Cost Estimate

85
Q

is conducted if funds are released.

A

Detailed Estimate

86
Q

__________ a person who estimates. This person is also known as _________

A

Quantity Surveyor, Evaluator or Estimator

87
Q

Two Types of Estimates in Civil Engineering:

A

Original Estimate, COST ESTIMATES

88
Q

This type of Estimate is done for any project before commencing
about its fruitfulness and cost that will be expended on it. Initially, a rough estimate of cost is conducted about the project that is known as

A

Rough Cost Estimate.

89
Q

In this method of estimation, each item of the project is determined
and multiplied with its Unit of Rate to acquire the cost.

A

Detailed Estimate

90
Q

Therefore, it is considered a better estimation method.

A

Detailed Estimate

91
Q

is prepared when diversion more than 5 percent occurs in the Detailed Estimate.

A

Revised Estimate

92
Q

This estimate is conducted like the Original
Estimate.

A

Revised Estimate

93
Q

If construction work of the project has been started
and change in design has been felt, and expenditure due to design changes cannot be covered within approved funds then an additional estimate is
prepared which is known as

A

Supplementary Estimate.

94
Q

Sometimes changes or additions are
required in an already prepared estimate in the project, and these changes are
caused due to price diversion of more than 5 percent.

A

Revised and Supplementary Estimate

95
Q

Repair and maintenance are done in buildings and other structures in
order to maintain and look after them. The estimate prepared to find the cost applying over
the repair. This estimate is known as

A

Repair Estimate

96
Q

Procedure for the Repair Estimate is similar to that of the

A

Detailed Estimate.

97
Q

Buildings and other structures are repaired every year to keep them maintained and usable.

A

Annual Repair Estimate

98
Q

Special repair is done after every four years
despite annual repair which is known as

A

Quadrennial Repair

99
Q

Tenure is not fixed for special repair. However, repairing
damages of buildings and other structures caused by earthquake, flood and
other accidents is done in special repair.

A

Special Estimation

100
Q

is to determine the current rate per unit of an item at the locality.

A

Rate analysis

101
Q

the expenses that directly affect the project. It is also known as project overhead
costs) are those directly linked to the physical construction of a project.

A

Direct expenses

102
Q

They are also sometimes called “bare” or “unburdened” costs.

A

Direct expenses

103
Q

are incurred while completing the project but are not applicable to any specific task.

A

Indirect expenses

104
Q

Apply appropriate or contracted profit rate uniformly to all contractors and to original bid and change orders.

A

Profit

105
Q

This represents the total amount of supplies and labor required to finish a
project.

A

QUANTITY TAKEOFFS

106
Q

This represents the overall cost and the number of hours of work necessary to do a task.

A

LABOR HOURS AND LABOR COST

107
Q

The total material expense that the project financier will be responsible for is this.

A

COST OF MATERIALS

108
Q

The majority of general contractors employ subcontractors at various
times throughout a project.

A

SUBCONTRACTOR QUOTES

109
Q

in construction are expenditures that benefit more than one project objective.

A

JOINT COSTS

110
Q

costs, such as administrative and overhead expenses, are often those expenses that have no direct impact on the project’s real expenditures. expenses as did the general
contractor.

A

INDIRECT COSTS

111
Q

The most popular technique for calculating building costs is this one. The ______________ approach works by figuring out the total cost of the project based on unit costs.

A

METHOD 1: UNIT PRICING

112
Q

This technique for calculating construction costs entails assessing the whole
amount of work required and offering a broad estimate.

A

METHOD 2: BUDGET METHOD

113
Q

Studying a project’s numerous components to see if it has the potential to succeed
involves project feasibility. When analyzing the viability of a project, managers take their available resources and
financial needs into account.

A

PROJECT FEASIBILITY

114
Q

The construction sector is primarily driven by profit. Since you should only accept
lucrative projects as a building contractor, you must precisely estimate project expenses before invoicing the
customer. You shouldn’t accept that job if the real cost of building exceeds what your customer can afford.

A

PROJECT PROFITABILITY

115
Q

Contractors frequently need to find the first funding for projects. For them to
assess how much money they need to get in order to start the project, cost estimators are necessary.

A

PROCURING THE FINANCES

116
Q

Starting a building project requires you to properly monitor your spending to prevent going
over budget. The related expenses of any project may be established with the use of an estimate.

A

SETTING BUDGET

117
Q

An accurate cost estimate enables you to submit a competitive proposal and win the job.
For the same project, contractors frequently have to offer lower pricing than their rivals in order to remain
profitable. Only if you have a precise estimate of the project’s cost is this feasible.

A

PITCHING THE BID

118
Q

There are two types of indirect costs:

A

main office overhead and job site overhead.

Building System Design (1 decks)

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