MIDTERMS Flashcards
1
Q
Objective method of determining whether caries is present
A
Lesion detection
2
Q
Classification according to new lesions or recurrent lesions
A
- Primary caries
- Recurrent caries (Secondary caries)
- Rampant caries
3
Q
Restoration and Sealant Codes: Lost or broken restoration
A
7
4
Q
Caries Codes: Localized enamel breakdown without clinical visual sign of dentin involvement
A
3
5
Q
a conical beam together with the flat sensor travels 360 degrees around objects
A
Code Beam Computer Tomography
6
Q
When spread of caries along the DEJ exceeds in contagious enamel
A
Backward caries
7
Q
CAMBRA: MODERATE (PERIODIC OE, FLUOIDE, DIET COUNSELING)
A
6 mos.
Brush 2x daily with F toothpaste +0.05% (220 ppmF) NaF mouth rinse (day and night)
Or Rx: 5000 ppmF toothpaste 2x daily
Reduce meal snacking
8
Q
- Used for epidemiological investigations where the carious activity is at its late stage.
- it is also the primary developer of the records regarding carious activity
A
WHO organizational index
9
Q
this is the deepest layer or zone, near dentin, and represents the advancing front of the lesion
- 10x more porous, not always present
A
Zone 1
10
Q
Uses electrical conductivity to determine amount of demineralization
A
Electrical conductance measurement
11
Q
Appears as a narrow radiolucent line around the root surface
A
PDL
12
Q
Restoration and Sealant Codes: Sealant, partial
A
1
13
Q
Caries cone in enamel is larger or equal to dentin
A
Forward caries
14
Q
Found in gingival third buccal and lingual surfaces, proximal surfaces, and all smooth surfaces of teeth
A
Smooth surface caries
15
Q
Restoration and Sealant Codes: sealant, full
A
2
16
Q
Early dentinal changes
A
- Dentinal sclerosis
- Transparent dentin
- Initial decalcification of Dentinal Tubules
17
Q
Name of Zone 1
A
Translucent zone
18
Q
Carious dissolution of dental hard tissue always start on a tooth’s surface
A
Enamel caries
19
Q
Lesion on unrestored surfaces
A
Primary caries
20
Q
Shape of caries in radiographs in proximal surfaces
A
Triangular
21
Q
Restoration and Sealant Codes: Not sealed or restored
A
0
22
Q
Applies probe as electrode into fissures and the electrical conductance of the site is measured
A
Site-specific (Electrical conductance Measurement)
23
Q
- Sign of initial carious lesion with first evidence of demineralization.
- formation is usually 3 weeks
A
White spots
24
Q
Slow progressing, long standing lesions
A
Chronic caries
25
Zone 4
Surface zone
26
4 steps of diagnostic process
1. Assemble all the facts
2. Analyze and interpret data to reach a tentative or provisional diagnosis
3. Make a differential diagnosis
4. Select the closest, possible choice - Final Diagnosis
27
ICDAS codes and Criteria
1. Occlusal
a. pits and fissures, b. Smooth surface (mesial, distal)
c. Caries associated with restorations and sealants
2. Root surfaces
28
Aims to characterize or monitor caries lesion once detected
Lesion assessment
29
Slightly darker than enamel in radiographs
Dentin
30
Caries Codes: First visual change in enamel only after prolonged air drying
1
31
Found in buccal and lingual surfaces of molars and lingual surface of maxillary anteriors
Pits and fissure caries
32
when enamel caries reaches the DEJ
Dentinal caries
33
Restoration and Sealant Codes: Temporary restoration
8
34
In this radiograph method, the whole oral cavity or dentition is seen
Panoramic
35
Pulp chamber and canals are seen as radiolucent lines within the tooth
Pulp Cavity
36
Implying a human professional summation of all data
Caries Diagnosis
37
CAMBRA: LOW (PERIODIC OE, FLUOIDE, DIET COUNSELING)
Brush 2x daily with F toothpaste
No diet counseling
38
Lesions developing adjacent to restorations
Recurrent Caries
39
In this radiograph method, the whole tooth is seen, and should be on the center of the radiograph
Intraoral Periapical
40
Caries Codes: Underlying dark shadow from dentin
4
41
Restoration and Sealant Codes: Tooth colored restoration
3
42
- Lies adjacent and superficial to the translucent zone
- does not transmit polarized light
Zone 2
43
___ Is a good electrical insulator due to its high inorganic content
Sound tooth
44
Name of Zone 3
Body of lesion
45
Visible light new technologies
1. Optical caries Monitor
2. Quantitative fiber-optic transillumination
3. Digital Image fiber-optic transillumination
4. Quantitative light/laser-induced fluorescence (QLF)
46
Restoration and Sealant Codes: porcelain, gold, PFM crown or veener
6
47
Anatomical sites where caries develop
- Pits and fissures
- Smooth surface caries
- Root caries
48
Connected surfaces are involved in the development of caries
Compound caries
49
Most radiopaque structure
Enamel
50
Caries Codes: Large distinct cavity with visible dentin
6
51
it means "do no harm"
Primum non cere
52
Uses visible light instead of ionizing radiation
Digital Imaging fiber-optic transillumination
53
Similar to dentin in appearance in radiographs
Cementum
54
Introduced in 1998 as adjunct to diagnosis of occlusal caries, and uses infrared laser fluorescence of 655nm
Diagnodent-Laser fluorescence
55
Best observe using the bitewing radiograph
Recurrent caries at the cervical area
56
CAMBRA: VERY HIGH (PERIODIC OE, FLUOIDE, DIET COUNSELING)
3-4 mo.
5. F interventions
57
Types of explorers
- Interproximal/ Briault/ Back action
- Straight
- Shepherd's Hook/ Curved Arch
58
- Zone of normal dentin
- Fatty degeneration of Tome's fibers
Zone of fatty degeneration (Z1)
59
Classification based on pathway of caries spread
- Forward caries
- Backward caries
60
Caries Codes: Definite cavity with visible dentin
5
61
Electrical current tools
- electrical conductance measurement
- Electrical impedance measurement
62
4 colors in electrical conductance measurement - caries meter
Green (no caries)
Yellow (enamel caries)
Orange (dentin caries)
Red (Pulpal involvement)
63
Further demineralization of intertubular dentin leading to softer dentin
Zone of decalcification of dentin
64
Restoration and Sealant Codes: Stainless steel crown
5
65
The outermost zone, composed of bacteria filled dentin and must be removed during tooth preparation
Zone of decomposed dentin
66
Able to scan the entire 3D object and can manipulate TACT
Code Beam Computer Tomography
67
Caries in enamel in proximal surfaces may be evident in this percentage of dimenarlization
30-40%
68
CAMBRA HIGH (PERIODIC OE, FLUOIDE, DIET COUNSELING)
4-6 months
3 fluoride interventions
69
Criteria under visual
- Cavitation
- Surface Roughness
- Opacification
- Discoloration
70
Current used in caries meter
400 Hz
71
Used in white spot lesions.
Scattering of light is stronger in white spot lesions than in sound enamels
Optical caries Monitor
72
Zones of dentinal caries
- Zone 1 (Zone of fatty degeneration)
- Zone 2 (Zone of dentinal sclerosis)
- Zone 3 (Zone of decalcification of dentin)
- Zone 4 (Zone of bacterial invasion)
- Zone 5 (zone of decomposed dentin)
73
Slow progressing, long standing, large open cavity that no longer retains food, has self-cleansing mechanism, and color is dark
Inactive or arrested carious lesion
74
Electrical Impedance measurement is also known as?
Electronic caries monitor
75
Defined as utilization of scientific knowledge for identifying a disease process and to differentiate it from other disease process
Diagnosis
76
This is a noncarious root surface that may appear carious
Cervical burnout
77
Three surfaces are involved or has lesions.
may be connected or separated
Complex caries
78
Restoration and Sealant Codes: amalgam restoration
4
79
Recent technologies in the market
1. Visible light
2. Laser Light
3. Electrical current
4. Ultrasound
5. Digital Radiographs Methods
80
uses ultrasound to detect early carious lesion in smooth surfaces
Ultrasound caries detector
81
Examples of Radiographic Methods
1. Intraoral Periapical
2. Bitewing
3. panoramic
82
Measures entire occlusal surface
Surface-specific (Electric conductance measurement)
83
Classifications according to Speed of Carious Progression
Mali ni
84
___ tooth has lower impedance than ___ tooth
Caries, Sound
85
Current used is 25 Hz and measured conductance is converted to an ordinary 0-9 scale
Vanguard Electronic Caries Detector
86
- Largest portion of incipient caries
- Area of the greatest demineralization
- more porous
Zone 3
87
In primary dentition of infants and young children that are in bottle feeding
Bottle caries
88
Name of Zone 2
Dark zone
89
Classification based on number of tooth surfaces involved
- Simple caries
- Compound caries
- Complex caries
90
In this radiograph method, it view both crows/ cut roots, and to see upper or lower crowns but no roots
Bitewing
91
- Not or least affected by caries
- has greater resistance and greater degree of mineralization
-
Zone 4
92
Uses fluorescence in detecting caries and it enhances early detection particularly white spot lesions in smooth surface
Quantitative light/laser induced fluorescence
93
In this method, an explorer is used to detect softened tooth structure
Tactile
94
95
Used to describe dental caries in young children dentition
Early childhood caries
96
It is a simple, logical, evidence-based system for detection and classification of caries in dental education, clinical practice, dental research, and dental public health
International Caries Detection and Assessment System (ICDAS)
97
Widening and distortion of dentinal tubules filled with bacteria
- Not self-repairable with less mineral content and irreversible denatured collagen
Zone of bacterial invasion
98
Intertubular dentin is demineralized
- Damage to the odontoblastic zone process is apparent
Zone of dentinal sclerosis
99
Caries Codes: Healthy
0
100
Diagnosis mainly depends on clinical examination
Secondary caries
101
A measureof degree at which an electric circuit resist electric current flow when a voltage is applied across two electrodes
Electrical impedance measurement
102
Caries that remain in the prepared tooth surface even after placing restoration
Residual caries
103
It is radiopaque line representing tooth socket
Lamina Dura
104
One tooth surface is involved
Simple caries
105
Found below smooth caries covered by cementum
Root caries
106
Caries Codes: Definite visual change in enamel
2
