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Cariology > Midterms > Flashcards

Midterms Flashcards

1
Q

Is the likelihood of the patient having new caries lesions in the near future

A

Caries risk

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2
Q

Cavitated ot non-cavitated dental lesions caused by dental caries process

A

Caries lesion

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3
Q

Are environmental factors, biological or chemical therapy that help to swim the caries balance to caries lesion prevention or reversal

A

Protective factors

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4
Q

Are environmental or biological factors that contribute to the initiation or progression of carious lesion

A

Risk factors

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5
Q

Are clinically observed results of previous and/or ongoing dental caries destruction of the tooth mineral

A

Disease indicators

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6
Q

A scientific, evidence-based solutions for prevention and treatment of caries before they have reached the cavitated stage

A

Caries management by risk assessment

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7
Q

Dental cares is a ___ medical condition, not a mechanical problem

A

Manageable

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8
Q

Caries Classification according to anatomical site

A

Pits and fissure caries
Smooth surface caries
Root caries

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9
Q

Classification according to new lesion or recurrent lesion

A

Primary caries
Recurrent caries
Residual

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10
Q

Lesion on unrestored surface

A

Primary caries

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11
Q

Aka “secondary caries”
Lesion developing adjacent to restoration

A

Recurrent caries

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12
Q

Caries that remains in the prepared tooth surface even after placing restorations

A

Residual carries

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13
Q

Pathway of caries spread

A

Forward and backward caries

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14
Q

Caries cone in enamel is larger or equal to that in the dentin

A

Forward carioes

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15
Q

Spread of caries along the DEJ exceeds that in the contagious enamel

A

Backward caries

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16
Q

Classification based on number of tooth surface involved

A

Simple caries
Compound caries
Complex caries

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17
Q

One tooth surface is involved: buccal, mesial

A

Simple caries

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18
Q

Connected surface involved:mesiobuccal or distobuccal

A

Compound caries

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19
Q

three surface involved: connected or separated

A

Complex caries

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20
Q

Time of progression of caries

A

18 (+/- 6months) on smooth surface caries

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21
Q

Peak progession of caries

A

3 years

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22
Q

Progression is __ in healthy individuals

A

Slower

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23
Q

First clinical evidence of demineralization

A

White spots

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24
Q

Reason why white spots occur

A

Poor oral hygiene

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25
Q

Enamel caries follow the direction of???

A

Enamel prism or rods

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26
Q

White spots can only be seen if the oral cavity is

A

Dessicated

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27
Q

Initial lesion of smooth surface caries

A

On proximal surfaces

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28
Q

Smooth suface caries can be reminaralized by

A

Salivary fluoride

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29
Q

In pits and fissure caries,initial caries starts at the?

A

Lateral walls of fissre

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30
Q

Zones of enamel caries

A

Translucent zone
Dark zone
Body of lesion
Surface zone

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31
Q

Zone of enamel caries which is the deepest zone layer: near dentin

A

Translucent zone

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32
Q

Zone of enamel caries that represent the advancing front of the lesion

A

Translucent zone

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33
Q

Zone of enamel caries that is referred to as positive zone

A

Dark zone

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34
Q

Zone of enamel caries that does not transmit polarized light

A

Dark zone

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35
Q

Larges portion of zone of enamel caries

A

Body of lesion

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36
Q

Zone of enamel caries that is the area of greatest demineralization

A

Body of lesion

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37
Q

One of enamel caries that is not or least affected by caries

A

Surface zone

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38
Q

Why is the surface zone of enamel caries has a greater resistance

A

Because they are accessible by the sailva which helps with the mineralization

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39
Q

Zones f dentinal caries

A

Zone of fatty degeneration
Zone of dentinal sclerosis
Zone of decalcification of dentin
Zone of bacterial invasion
Zone of decomposed dentin

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40
Q

Types of explorer

A

Interproximal
Straight
Shepherd’s hook

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41
Q

criteria of visual to detect caries

A

Clean and dried teeth
Under adequate light

42
Q

An explorer is used to detect softened tooth structure, and when it sticks, it indicates presence of caries

43
Q

There is an evident hole caused by demineralization

A

Cavitation

44
Q

Checked with an explorer or probe

A

Surface roughness

45
Q

May appear opaque when wet with saliva or dried

A

Opacification

46
Q

Color of teeth when the caries are active

47
Q

color of teeth when the caries are arrested

48
Q

Radiographic method that entirely seen the tooth and bone

A

Intraoral periapical

49
Q

Radiographic method which seesthe crown of the maxilla and mandible

Occlusion

50
Q

Radiographic method where it is seen as a bird’s eye view of the dentition

51
Q

Uses visible light instead of ionizing radiation

A

Digital Imaging Fiber Optic Transillumination

52
Q

uses fluorescence for the detection of caries

A

Quantitative Light/Laser induced fluorescence

53
Q

Variant of QLF system that is introduced in 1998 as adjunct to diagnosis of occlusal carries

A

DIAGNODENT - Laser autofluorescence

54
Q

Sound tooth is a good electrical insulator due to its highinorganic content

A

Electrical conductance measurement

55
Q

Electrical conductivity:
Electrical resistance:

A

C - amountof demineralization
R - measuring the electrical conductivity through these pores

56
Q

ECM in surface specific

A

Measures the entire occlusal surface

57
Q

ECM in site specific

A

Applies probe as electrode into fissures and the electrical conductance of that site is measured

Can only measure a small occlusal area at one time

58
Q

HZ of ECM - caries meter and vanguard electronic caries detector

A

CM - 400hz
Vang - 25Hz

59
Q

Aka as electrical caries monitor

A

Electrical impedance measurement

60
Q

a measure of degree at which an electric circuit resist electric current flow when a voltage is aplied across two electrodes

A

Electrical impedance measurement or aka electric caries monitor

61
Q

Limitations of caries detection technology

A

They are only use on unrestored pits and fissures

62
Q

Conical beam with a flat sensor travels 360 around the object

A

Cone-beam computer technology or Digital volume tomography

63
Q

3D representation of the object is constructed by a computer program from the 2D image and a metal sphere used as a reference

A

Tuned-aperture computer tomography

64
Q

Radiograph methods

A

Intraoral periapical
Bitewing
Panoramic

65
Q

A radiopaque line representing the tooth socket

A

Lamina dura

66
Q

appears as a narrow radiolucent line around the root surface

67
Q

Sees as radiolucent lines wthin the tooth

A

Pulp cavity

68
Q

An explorer that is used for interproximal surfaces

A

Interproximal/briault/back action explorer

69
Q

Explorer that is used for examining occlusal surfaces

A

Straight explorer

70
Q

An explorer used for caries and calculus detection

A

Shepherds hook explorer

71
Q

Primum non cere

A

Do no harm

72
Q

4 types of visual

A

Cavitation

Surface roughness

Opacification

Discoloration

73
Q

Advantage of visual

A

Preferred over probing because of its harmful effects

74
Q

Disadvantage of visual

A

Cannot assess levels of caries penetrated in pits and fissure

Normal discoloration of tooth can be seen as caries

75
Q

When an explorer sticks on the tooth surface it indicates?

A

Presence of caries

76
Q

If the explorer does not stick on the tooth surface, it indicates what?

A

No caries present

77
Q

Disadvantage of tactile

A

Sharp edges of explorer may fracture demineralized tooth, if left alone could have remineralized

Sharp explorer tip on pits and fissure can cavitate the enamel

Cariogenic bacteria on the tip of the probe can be seeded onto the pits and fissure of an unaffected tooth

78
Q

What initiates enamel caries

A

Deposition of dental plaque on tooth surface, usually areas of plaque stagnation

79
Q

Initial lesion of proximal surface

A

Smooth surface caries

80
Q

What is the spread of pits and fissure caries

A

Spread laterally to DEJ

81
Q

Initial lesion can usually be seen on what tooth surface

A

Facial and lingual

82
Q

Enamel loses their translucency

A

Initial lesion

83
Q

Affected les by drying and wetting

Des not represent a clinical problem (except esthetics)

A

Developmental white spot hypocalcifications

84
Q

Zone of enamel caries begins from the?

A

Dentinal side

85
Q

Dental caries occur when?

A

Enamel cares reached the DEJ

86
Q

What is the spread of the dental caries

A

Spreads laterally and follow the direction of dentinal tubules

87
Q

Why does dental caries appears brown?

A
  1. Due to pigment producing microorganism
  2. Chemical breakdown of protein on the presence of sugar
  3. Exogenous stains
88
Q

Initial penetration in early dentinal changes

A

Dentinal sclerosis

89
Q

Calcification of dentinal tubules - prevent further penetration of microorganism

A

Dentinal sclerosis

90
Q

Microorganism of dentinal sclerosis

A

PIONEER BACTERIA

91
Q

When dentinal tubules are completely occluded; section of the tooth gives a transparent appearance

A

Transparent dentin

92
Q

Intertubular dentin is demineralized, lumen is filled by calcified material

A

Transparent dentin

93
Q

Proteolytic microorganisms take over as caries becomes father to the carbohydrates (source ofcaries initiation)

A

Initial decalcification of dentinal tubules

94
Q

What sheath shows sweling when there is a decalcification of the walls of individual tubules

A

Sheath of neumann

95
Q

Coalesing and breakdown of dentinal tubules

A

Liquefaction foci

96
Q

Shape of lesion in advanced dentinal changes

A

Triangular with apex towards the pulp

97
Q

Xray diagnosis of puts and fissure is diffult in earlier stage

Detection is often possible when decay is more advanced in the dentin

A

Caries of occlusal surface

98
Q

Small lesions are difficult to detect

Lesion may not be evident until 30-40% demineralization has occurred

A

Caries of proximal surface

99
Q

Noncarious root surface may appear carious

A

“Cervical burnout” root surface caries

100
Q

Diffuse radiolucent areas will ill-defined borders on proximal aspects of teeth in the cervical area

A

Root surface caries

101
Q

Appears aswell-defined radiolucency surrounded by a uniform, noncarious region of enamel

A

Caries of buccal and lingual surface

102
Q

Lesions next to restorations may be obscured by the radiopaque restorations

A

Secondary caries

Cariology (3 decks)

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