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GERONTOLOGY > MIDTERMS > Flashcards

MIDTERMS Flashcards

1
Q

Melanocyte cluster form on areas of deepened pigmentation

A

Senile Lentigo

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2
Q

Wart like macules/Light tan to black at upper half of the body

A

Seborrheic Keratosis

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3
Q

Small brown or flesh colored projections of skin on the neck

A

Cutaneous Papilloma/Skin Tags

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4
Q

Dry skin/Decrease function of sebaceous and sweat glands

A

Xerosis

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5
Q

Capillary walls became increasingly fragile/Red, purple, or brown areas seen on legs or arms

A

Senile Purpura

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6
Q

Spent significant amounts of time in the sun

A

Basal Cell Carcinoma

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7
Q

Fatal form of skin cancer as it metastasize if had more than 5 sunburns

A

Melanoma

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8
Q

Shrinkage in the cushion provided by subcutaneous tissue

A

Pressure Ulcers

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9
Q

Redness, dilated, superficial blood vessels and small pimles on the nose and center face

A

Rosacea

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10
Q

Rashes of inflammation either localized or generalized

A

Dermatitis

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11
Q

Decrease ability of subcutaneous tissue to regulate body tempereature

A

Hypothermia

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12
Q

Excessive loss of calcium from bone/Porous, brittle, fragile bones

A

Osteoporosis

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13
Q

Medication increasing bone strength and density

A

Anabolic drugs

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14
Q

Medication inhibit bone loss

A

Antiresorptive drugs

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15
Q

Cause is unknown, cartilage on bones articulating surfaces thins and wear out

A

Osteoarthritis

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16
Q

Bony particles or spurs form in joint causing pain, swelling, and movement restriction

A

Osteophytes

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17
Q

Caused by abnormal cartilage or bony enlargement seen in distal finger joints

A

Heberden Nodes

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18
Q

An autoimmune disease, collagen disease causing inflammation of the synovium where aspirin is inhibited

A

Rheumatoid Arthritis

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19
Q

Inflammation of bursa resulting in joint stiffness and pain in shoulder, knee, elbow, and hip

A

Bursitis

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20
Q

Inborn error of metabolism resulting to elevated levels of uric acid

A

Gouty Arthritis

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21
Q

Umbrella term for common rspiratory disorders like emphysema and chronic bronchitis

A

COPD

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22
Q

Changes in alveolar structure losing its elasticity, overinflated, and ineffectve

A

Emphysema

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23
Q

Inflammation of trachea and bronchioles leads to excessive mucus and productive cough

A

Chronic Bronchitis

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24
Q

Referred as flu

A

Influenza

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25
Q

Acute inflammation of lungs

A

Pneumonia

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26
Q

Cause by Bacillus Mycobacterium Tuberculosis soread bh airborne or droplets

A

Pulmonary Tuberculosis

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27
Q

Bronchogenic cancer peaks at 55 to 65

A

Lung Cancer

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28
Q

Coronary arteries become narrowed or obstructed because of atherosclerosis

A

Coronary Artery Disease

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29
Q

Literally chest pain

A

Angina Pectoris

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30
Q

One or more coronary arteries become totally obstructed

A

Myocardial Infarction

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31
Q

Common conduction disturbance caused by disruption of the electrical conduction system

A

Heart block

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32
Q

Sick Sinus Syndrome/Disturbance in the rate and rhythm of heart

A

Sinus Node Dysfunction

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33
Q

Enlargement of heart related to heart failure

A

Cardiomegaly

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34
Q

Clotting in the lumen of the vein

A

Thrombus

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35
Q

Blood pools in the veins and dilates or stretches them

A

Varicose veins

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36
Q

Seen as twisting discoloration in the superficial veins on lower extremities

A

Varicosities

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37
Q

Pouching or ballooning of arteries and develop plaque and become rigid

A

Aneurysm

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38
Q

Pulsating mass near the umbilicus or navel

A

Abdominal Aorta Aneurysms

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39
Q

Present as back pain, cough, or hoarseness

A

Thoracic Aorta Anuerysms

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40
Q

Massive life threatening hemorrhage

A

Aneurysms Rupture

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41
Q

Portrusion of stomach into thoracic cavity caused by obesity and above 50 years old

A

Hiatal Hernia

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42
Q

Major problem occur with hiatal hernia/Gastric contents move backward into esophagus

A

GERD

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43
Q

Inflammatory change in membrane of stomach/Mucosa is thin, abnormally smooth and develop hemorrhagic patches

A

Chronic Atrophic Gastritis

44
Q

Refers to both gastric and duodenal ulcers

A

Peptic Ulcers

45
Q

Dark tarry stool containing blood

A

Melena

46
Q

Small pouches or sacs because of weakness in intestinal mucosa

A

Diverticula

47
Q

Inflammation of one or more diverticula

A

Diverticulitis

48
Q

Increase at 40 and peaks at 60-75

A

Colon Cancer

49
Q

Aka as piles/Pain and small amount of bright red blood at rectum

A

Hemorrhoids

50
Q

Bulging of the rectum through anus

A

Rectal prolapse

51
Q

Renal calculi, nephrolithiasis, urolithiasis/Hard deposits of mineral and salts in kidney

A

Kidney Stones

52
Q

Medication of Parkinson’s Disease

A

Levedopa
Amantadine
Broncriptine
Anticholinergic drugs

53
Q

Paralysis agitans/Neurotransmitter dopamine are lost/Unilateral and slight tremors

A

Parkinson’s Disease

54
Q

Face takes flat, open mouth, mask-like expression, and eye blink decreases

A

Parkinson’s Disease

55
Q

Surgical procedure where electrodes are implanted and dramatically reduce symptoms

A

Deep Brain Stimulation

56
Q

Permanent organic mental disorder/Personality changes, confusion and disorientation

A

Dementia

57
Q

Large number of brain cells are affected by atrophy/Norepinephrine and dopamine decreases

A

Alzheimer’s Disease

58
Q

Only way to confirm diagnosis of Alzheimer’s

A

Post-mortem Examination

59
Q

Cerebrovascular accident/Disturbance of blood supply to the brain/Requires 911 call

A

Stroke

60
Q

Caused by embolus or thrombus (90%)

A

Ischemic

61
Q

Rupture spontaneously

A

Hemorrhagic

62
Q

Given 3 hours to dissolve clot in stroke

A

Tissue plasminogen activator

63
Q

Errors in focusing ability/Cornea is misshapen or lens cannot appropriately change shape

A

Refractive erros

64
Q

Nearsightedness/Close objects are clear

A

Myopia

65
Q

Farsightedness/Close objects are blurry

A

Hyperopia

66
Q

Aging of the lens of the eye/Eye becomes rigid and does not flex easily

A

Presbyopia

67
Q

Cornea has asymmetric curvature

A

Astigmatism

68
Q

Inflammation of the eyelids

A

Blepharitis

69
Q

Double vision

A

Diplopia

70
Q

Clouding of the lens of the eye

A

Cataracts

71
Q

3 Types of Cataract

A

Nuclear
Cortical
Posterior Subcapsular

72
Q

Increased fluid pressure or IOP within eye damaging retina

A

Glaucoma

73
Q

2 Types of Glaucoma

A

Congenital
Acquired

74
Q

Rare which occurs when congenital defect in the angle of anterior chamber

A

Congenital Glaucoma

75
Q

3 Types of Congenital Glaucoma

A

True Congenital
Infantile
Juvenile

76
Q

Most common form, fluid drainage is poor and fluid builds up

A

Primary Open Angle

77
Q

An emergency situation, iris itself block the drainage angle

A

Primary Angle Closure

78
Q

Or “Normal Tension”/Is not common, eye pressure is normal but still get damaged

A

Low Tension Glaucoma

79
Q

Special microscope used to examine structures of the eye

A

Slit lamp

80
Q

Used to view drainage angle

A

Gonioscopy lens

81
Q

Measure the eye pressure

A

Tonometer

82
Q

Record color images/Specialized low pressure miscroscope with an attached camera

A

Fundus Camera

83
Q

TIMOLOL/BETALOXOL
Used to decreased aqueous humor production

A

Beta Adrenergic Blockers

84
Q

PLOCARPINE/CARBACOL
Used to reduce IOP by facilitating aqueous humor

A

Cholinergic/Miotics

85
Q

DORZOLAMIDE
Decrease formation/secretion of aqueous humor

A

Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors

86
Q

LATANOPROST
Reduce IOP by increasing uveoscleral outflow

A

Prostaglandin Analogs

87
Q

Treat open angle glaucoma/Thermal argon laser burns

A

Argon Laser Trabeculoplasty

88
Q

Application of freezing probe to the sclera

A

Cyclocryotherapy

89
Q

Opening is made by the laser beam in the iris

A

Laser Iridotomy

90
Q

Small incision in the sclera using a spatula type

A

Cyclodialysis

91
Q

Create an opening or fistula in the trabecular meshwork

A

Filtering Procedures

92
Q

Partial thickness is made in the sclera and further section of sclera is removed

A

Trabeculotomy

93
Q

Partial thickness incision is made in the sclera and one or more openings

A

Sclerectomy

94
Q

Loss of vision in the center of the visual field (macula)

A

Age Related Macular Degeneration

95
Q

Mild to moderate gradual loss
90%
No effective treatment
Dry/Geograhic

A

Non-Exudative

96
Q

Rapidly progressive marked lossof vision
10%
Wet/Neovascular

A

Exudative

97
Q

Ringing in the ears

A

Tinnitus

98
Q

Inability to hear sounds fully

A

Deafness

99
Q

Something interferes with transmission of sound waves

A

Conductive Hearing Loss

100
Q

Receptors in the inner ear/cranial nerves are damaged

A

Sensorineural Deafness

101
Q

Caused by trauma in the temporal lobes

A

Central Deafness

102
Q

Chronic disorder of ear experience severe vertigo

A

Meneire Disease

103
Q

Hardening or fixing of stapes in the oral window

A

Otosclerosis

104
Q

Does not produce enough insulin

A

Type 1 Diabetes

105
Q

Cells fail to respond to insulin properly

A

Type 2 Diabetes

106
Q

Skin rashes occur in diabetes

A

Diabetic Dermadromes

GERONTOLOGY (1 decks)

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