Midterms Flashcards
What does the first law of motion mean?
If an object was still, it will remain still.
If an object was moving, it will keep moving.
It takes force to change the motion of an object.
What must happen to show that mass is preserved?
There must be the same amount of elements on both sides of an equation.
What are the prefixes and their values in the metric system?
(greatest to least)
Kilo Hecto Deca Base Beci Centi Milli
What is a mass number?
of neutrons = mass # - atomic #
What is an atomic number?
The number of protons in an atom
True or false?
The atom contains a nucleus
True
Question
First in the order of Scientific Method
Ask a question about something you observe. Has to be testable and not opinion based.
An observation can be any of the five senses.
Research
Second in the order of Scientific Method
Research what is already known about your question. It may already be answered.
Hypothesis
Third in the order of Scientific Method
Educated guess about the answer. Allows you to make a prediction about the outcome.
Experiment
Fourth in the order of Scientific Method\
Designed to test your hypothesis. Fair test, should be able to be reported.
Collect Data
Fifth in the order of Scientific Method
Take notes of data + observations. Never make data fit hypothesis. Use correct units of measurement.
Analyse
Sixth in the order of Scientific Method
Organizing data in charts and/or graphs.
Conclusion
Seventh in the order of Scientific Method
The step whether you find out whether your hypothesis is correct.
Report
Eighth in the order of Scientific Method
Communicate to other scientists about your findings whether they were right or wrong.
Variable
A word used to describe a quantity or condition that can change.
Independent Variable
The factors as you as a scientists change during the experiment
What you have control over in the experiment.
Dependent Variable
Factors you observe or measure.
What you do not have control over in the experiment.
Controlled Variable (Constants)
Factors that need to remain unchanged during an experiment so they don’t influence the outcome or affect the results.
What are the three base units?
Meter, gram, and liter
Convert 2.5 milligrams to kilograms
0.0000025 kilograms
Convert 6 hectometers to centimeters
50,000 centimeters
Convert 7.8 deciliters to liters
0.78 liters
Mean
Computed by adding all the numbers in the data together and dividing by all the numbers in the data set.
Median
First reorder the data set from smallest to greatest. The median is the element in the middle of the data set. If there are two numbers in the middle, add those two numbers up and divide them by two.
Mode
The number that appears most in the data set
What are the columns called on the periodic table and how many are there?
Called a group or family, and there are 18 columns.
What are the rows called on the periodic table and how many are there?
Called a period, and there are seven of them.
What is the zigzag line for on the periodic table?
It is there to separate the metals and the non-metals (also called the staircase).
What are the elements touching the staircase called on the periodic table?
Metalloids - they have properties of both solids and metals.
Aluminum is not a metalloid even though it touches the staircase. It is a metal.
Astronomers theorize that billions of years ago, the universe formed in a huge, cosmic _________.
Explosion
What are the two pieces of evidence that confirm the Big Bang Theory?
- The fact that galaxies are constantly moving
- Cosmic background radiation
