Midterms Flashcards
the main idea of your paper, written in a declarative sentence
Thesis Statement
Gives you viewpoint about the particular topic and guides your readers by explaining your argument
Thesis Statement
What are the parts of the Thesis Statement?
Claim - wants to prove
Objective - want to accomplish/achieve
Issue - wants to tackle
Position - what needs to be done
the important part of a thesis statement
Issue
What are the functions of a thesis statement?
- Expounds on an answer to an issue pr topic
- Gives direction to the academic text
- Defends a writer’s claim
The Guidelines of Writing a Thesis Statement
- Should be expressed as a declarative sentence, answering the questions of “how” and “why”
- contain enough supporting details to defend the argument
- should be more than just a statement of a fact of the topic
- must have specific details explaining the important aspects
- reflects your opinions, giving enough arguments that can be proven
It contains the writer’s conviction, encompasses all other sentences in the essay, presents two or more ideas and is broader in scope
Thesis Statement
Gives a glimpse about the paragraph, one idea is only presented, and it connects to the thesis statement
Topic Sentence
The ability to analyze difficult concepts is one of the hallmarks of an intelligent person.
Critical Thinking
The Importance of Critical Thinking
- Analyzing ideas and information gathered for your academic work
- Weighing and evaluating various information
- Avoids personal and cultural biases
verifiable statements based on an objective viewpoint and sourced from credible websites and resources.
Statement of FACTS
Reflect the person’s perspective and judgement about issues of a subjective nature
Statement of OPINION
Give examples of expressions that convey opinion
I feel that..
I believe that…
If you ask me…
I guess..
Based on what I know,…
I would estimate that…
Two Kinds of Reasoning
Deductive and Inductive Reasoning
Reasoning from a general assumption to a specific statement of fact. A top-down argument.
Deductive Reasoning
Reasoning from a specific premise to a general conclusion. Bottom-up logic
Inductive Reasoning
Flawed arguments where the premises have not been fully supported, leading to a weak and faulty conclusion.
Common Logical Fallacies
What are the 10 common logical fallacies
Ad Hominem
Appeal to Flattery
Appeal to Force
Appeal to Pity
Bandwagon
False Analogy
Hasty Generalization
Oversimplification
Red Herring
Straw Man
Attacks a person’s character instead of focusing on his performance
Ad Hominem
Uses compliments and praise (often insincere) to win the argument
Appeal to flattery
Uses force to win the argument. Also known as Argumentatum ad Baculum
Appeal to Force
Capitalizes on the fact that people easily fall prey to their emotion and sensibility
Appeal to Pity
Assumes that just because the majority approves, then it must be good for individuals
Bandwagon
Uses ideas that have similarities but doesn’t consider that the analogy has been overextend
False Analogy
Uses isolated experience as basis for general statement
Hasty Generalizations
Correlation between events is hastily concluded without sufficient reason.
Oversimplification
they try to distract their opponent away from the real issue and onto something irrelevant
Red Herring
trivializes another person’s argument to refute it.
Straw Man
involves clarifying the concept for your project so that the target audience may be convinced that the project is worth pursuing.
Concept Paper
Academic written discourse that explains a concept, often about something that the writer is thoroughly with and passionate about
Concept Paper
Preliminary part of a research
Concept Paper
Functions of a Concept Paper
o Explains what the problem is all about.
o explains the reason for conducting the project
o a “prelude” to the research
o includes information about the aims of the project and why it is important to conduct it.
o the manner of implementation, or how you will carry out the project.
2 Structures of a Concept Paper
- Concept Paper for an Academic Research
- Concept Paper for a Funding Agency
Parts of a Concept Paper for an Academic Research
Title Page
Background of the Study
Preliminary Literature Review
Statement of the Problem
Abridged Methodology
Timeline
Reference
The research title, name, school, and date of submission can be seen here
Title Page
The current state of the field you are searching on and the reasons why you want to undertake your research topic
Background of the Study
Theoretical Framework, Related Studies and a Brief Synthesis of the reviewed literature and studies can be seen here
Preliminary Literature Review
Explains the general problem and specific research questions or objective
Statement of the Problem / Objective
Contexts and participant, Instruments, data collection, data analysis
Abridged Methodology
Time frame
Timeline
Lists of all books, journals and other learning resources
Reference
Parts of a concept paper for a funding agency
Cover Page
Introduction
Rationale/Background
Project Description
Project Needs & Cost
You can see here the Name of the proponents and the organization, Contact information and Date of submission
Cover Page
Reason why the agency should fund your project
Introduction
The need that will be addressed by your project and its significance
Rationale / Background
Objectives of the project
Benefits and methodology
Evaluation of success outcomes
Indicators of achievement
Project Description
Indicates the main budget and personnel/equipment needed
Project Needs & Cost
Techniques in Writing a Concept Paper
Definition, Explication, Clarification
the method of describing a given concept and making its meaning clear by means of giving a description,
examples, and illustrations. (technique)
Definition
the method of explaining a concept by borrowing sentences (technique)
Explication
organizing ideas from abstract to concept example
Clarification
Guidelines for a Concept Paper
- Do a thorough research on your chosen topic.
- Outline important ideas
- Write each part one at a time,
- Be realistic when you set your goals and timeline.
- Capitalize on the obvious advantages of your project description
