midterms

Question 1

stain sperm for visualization under the microscope and cannot yield a positive result in the absence of spermatozoa

Answer 1

Harris Hematoxyllin and Eosin Staining

Question 2

detects choline

presence of semen results in the formation of dark brown crystals of choline periodide that are generally needle-shaped

florence - choline - 1.5gm K iodided - 2.5gm iodine - 30ml water - rhombic shape - small then enlarged - disappear - choline per iodide

Answer 2

Florence Test

Question 3

detects spermine - alcoholic solution of picric acid - needle shape crystal

Positive result: leaf-like yellow crystals also called spermine picrate crystals
(sometimes, needle-shaped crystals formed)

Answer 3

barbiero’s test

Question 4

• positive visual identification of sperm cells using a suspected stain.
• two main reagents are used consecutively to produce this distinctive stain
• Picroindigocarmine stains the neck and tail of sperm with green and blue
• Nuclear Fast
  Red gives the sperm head a red color
• acromosomal cap / tip of the head with a pink
  color.

Answer 4

Christmas Tree Staining for Sperm

Question 5

detects spermine

positive result: small cross-like crystals / yellow precipitate of spermine flavinate

considered reliable test for seminal fluid

Answer 5

Puramen Test

Question 6

it provides sensitivity as well as specificity to human semen

it identifies the presence of the seminal vesicle-specific antigen, or semonogelin

Answer 6

RSID (Rapid Stain Identification) SEMEN STRIP TEST

Question 7

This antigen is unique to human semen; therefore, there is no cross reactivity with other
bodily fluids in males and females or with semen from other mammals. This test can also
identify semen even if the stain was stored in less favorable conditions.

Answer 7

RSID (Rapid Stain Identification) SEMEN STRIP TEST

Question 8

• In the presence of iodine, starch appears BLUE. Salivary amylase acts on starch to break it
  resulting to color change

Answer 8

STARCH-IODINE TEST

Question 9

• a chemical reagent called Phadebas is used to detect the enzymatic activity of the
  alphaamylase enzyme which is found in saliva (but is also found in other organisms like
  bacteria, fungi or chimpanzees)

Answer 9

PHADEBAS TEST

Question 10

• utilization of both is considered a s a confirmatory test

- can detect even a small amount of saliva

Answer 10

PHADEBAS AND RAPID STAIN IDENTIFICATION (RSID)

Question 11

It may be detected at 450 nm (orange filter) as well as at 415 nm (yellow filter) and a t
505 nm (red filter).

Answer 11

urine

Question 12

No confirmatory test exits for the presence of urine.

Answer 12

true

Question 13

Light sources can be used to screen items for potential urine stains.

Answer 13

true

Question 14

All tests rely on the determination of various components pf urine such as uric acid,
urea, and creatinine.

Answer 14

true

Question 15

classic test for creatinine where a drop of sodium hydroxide (NaOH) is
added to the stain followed by a drop of concentrated picric acid is done; formation of an
intense orange color is a positive indication of creatinine

Answer 15

jaffe test

Question 16

generally have a brown appearance and can be located visually although
they may be confused with aged bloodstains and may contain traces of blood so
positive reaction with a blood-testing reagent may occur.

Answer 16

feces

Question 17

A simple chemical test can be performed on an extract of the stain dissolved in distilled
water where few drops of ethanol were added followed by a few drops of concentrated ____

Answer 17

zinc chloride

Question 18

Under UV light, an intense____ results, indicating

the presence of ,

Answer 18

apple green color

Question 19

a breakdown product of bilirubin and a component of

feces.

Answer 19

urobilinogen