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Ecology > Midterm1 > Flashcards

Midterm1 Flashcards

1
Q

Saturation vapor pressure

A

water vapor content of a parcel of air when it is saturated; saturation is defined as condition when rate of evaporation equals the rate of condensation

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2
Q

Sexual Dimorphism

A

The occurrence of morphological differences other then primary sexual characteristics that distinguish males from females in a species

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3
Q

Intrasexual selection

A

competition among members of the same sex for a mate; most common among males and characterized by fighting and display

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4
Q

intersexual selection

A

choice of a mate, usually by the female

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5
Q

Q10 rule

A

rates of most biological processes increase between two and 4 fold for every 10*C rise in temp

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6
Q

PAR

A

Photosynthetically active radiation- the part of the light spectrum that is used by plants for photosynthesis

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7
Q

weather

A

local combination of temp humidity, precipitation, wind, and other atmospheric conditions

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8
Q

climate

A

long term average pattern of weather at a local, regional, or geographic scales

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9
Q

primary productivity

A

a measure of photosynthesis

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10
Q

circadian rhythms

A

internal biological clock with 24hr cycle

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11
Q

long and short day organisms

A

responses to length of photophase

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12
Q

diapause

A

arrested state of development in insects

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13
Q

isoclines

A

(topographic map lines) A line on a diagram that shows different levels of equal inclination

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14
Q

specific heat

A

the number of calories needed to raise 1 gram of water 1*C

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15
Q

viscosity

A

resistance of a liquid to flow

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16
Q

latent heat

A

heat released or absorbed during transformation of water from one form to another

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17
Q

surface tension

A

elastic film at the top of a surface of liquid, caused by the attractive forces between molecules at the surface

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18
Q

meniscus

A

curve in the upper surface of a liquid where it meets the side of a container

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19
Q

atmospheric or air pressure

A

amount of force exerted by a column of air due to gravity

20
Q

adiabatic cooling

A

cooling of air as it rises (due to expansion from lower pressure)

21
Q

adiabatic lapse ratee

A

rate at which temp declines with altitude

22
Q

latent heat of evaporation

A

heat released or absorbed during transformation of liquid from one form to another

23
Q

vapor pressure

A

pressure exerted by water vapor alone

24
Q

absolute humidity

A

amount of water in air

25
Q

relative humidity

A

water vapor content of air at a given temperature

26
Q

dew point temp

A

temp at which saturation vapor pressure is acheived

27
Q

microclimate

A

climate on a very local scale

28
Q

reynolds number

A

determines how efficent of a swimmer fish are

29
Q

laminar flow

A

smooth

30
Q

turbulent flow

A

not smooth flow

31
Q

convergent evolution

A

development of similar characteristics in different species living in different areas with similar environmental conditions

32
Q

fusiform body shape

A

efficient for moving though fluids bc it reduces turbulence therefore minimizes drag

33
Q

finlets

A

structures that reduce turbulence

34
Q

solute

A

what is desolved

35
Q

solvent

A

what the solute is desolved in

36
Q

acidification

A

carbon dioxide in atmosphere

37
Q

diffusion

A

spontaneous movement of gases or liquids from an area of high concentration to and area of low concentration

38
Q

soil

A

a collection of natural bodies of earth composed of mineral and organic matter and capable of supporting plant growth

39
Q

speciation

A

over time, two or more populations diverge to the point where they are no longer capable of interbreeding

40
Q

factors involved in soil formation

A

parent material, climate, biotic factors, topography, and time

41
Q

soil characteristics

A

texture, depth, moisture holding capability

42
Q

moisture holding capacity

A

how much water is retained and for how long

43
Q

saturation

A

moisture level greater than pure space can hold

44
Q

field capacity

A

moisture level where water fills all pore spaces

45
Q

wilting point

A

moisture levels at which plant cannot extract water

Ecology (3 decks)

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