midterm1

Question 1

walking pneumonia

Answer 1

mycoplasma pneumonia

Question 2

lobar pneumonia is manifested by

Answer 2

non patchy consolidation of the lung

Question 3

What is the main pathological change of secondary pulmonary tuberculosis infection

Answer 3

milliary caseating spread in the lung

Question 4

a 33 year old moderately obsess man present with a persistent productive cough with cyanotic face. The cough ahs been present for 3 months this year . Further questioning elicits a history of productive cough usually in the whole winter months over the past several years. He has smoked since he was 16 years old. on examination shows some rhonchi and wheezes bilaterally. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis

Answer 4

chronic bronchitis

Question 5

What is the most common type of bronchial asthma that occurs in children

Answer 5

extrinsic causes

Question 6

Which of the following is the clinical manifestation of pulmonary infarction

Answer 6

tachypnea

Question 7

An adult with newly diagnosed active primary tuberculosis is most likely to have which type of lesion

Answer 7

Gohn, focus in the upper part of the lower lobes with active disease in the mediastinal lymph nodes

Question 8

Histo plasmosis ( fungus infection ) of the lung is manifested by

Answer 8

non caseting granuloma od the acute attack

Question 9

A 7 day old infant born prematurely at a gestation age of 28 weeks dies after developing acute respiratory distress and acidosis. Unresponsive to 100% oxygen administration the autopsy revels consolidation and collapse of the lung which of the following is the underlying pathological etiology of the condition

Answer 9

Deficiency of pulmonary surfactant

Question 10

What is the most sever complication of thrombophlebitis

Answer 10

pulmonary infarciton

Question 11

The most common manifestation of myxoma of the heart is

Answer 11

valve obstruction

Question 12

A 65 year old man with a history of myocardial infection the clinical evaluation revels pansytolic murmur, which indicate anterior mitral valve damage (mitral regurgitation). Which coronary artery supplies blood to this portion of the heart

Answer 12

Left descending interventricular coronary artery

Question 13

What is the most common predisposing factor leading to adult respiratory distress syndrome

Answer 13

sepsis

Question 14

What is the most common cause of coronary artery disease?

Answer 14

atherosclerosis

Question 15

Most common type of primary lung cancer is adenocarcinoma

Answer 15

adenocarcinoma

Question 16

A 42 year old female patient informs her physician that in her childhood she experience two bouts of rheumatic fever. Although she appears to be well at present which of the following sequelae of rheumatic fever is most likely to present as a chronic disease in her later years

Answer 16

mitral valve stenosis

Question 17

Most common cause of myocarditis in the United States

Answer 17

cosackie b virus

Question 18

Monckeberg’s medial calcific sclerosis damages

Answer 18

tunica media

Question 19

The joint pain in acute rheumatic fever is due to

Answer 19

Migratory arthritis with no residual effects

Question 20

Atherosclerotic atheroma originates in one of the following arterial layers

Answer 20

endothelium of the tunica intima

Question 21

Temporal (giant cell) arteritis is

Answer 21

Chronic granulomatous inflammation of the medium sized arteries

Question 22

What is the most common factor for dissecting aneurysm formation?

Answer 22

hyertension

Question 23

Transmural myocardial infarction affects

Answer 23

endocardium, myocardium and pericardium

Question 24

Non-bacterial thrombosis cause by tumors

Answer 24

Marantic endocarditis

Question 25

Aschoff bodies

Answer 25

Myocarditis in rheumatic fever

Question 26

Abnormal arterial dilation

Answer 26

Berry Aneurysm

Question 27

By staphylococcus auresu in IV drug users

Answer 27

Acute bacterial endocarditis

Question 28

Most common type of congenital heart disease

Answer 28

Ventricular Septel defect

Question 29

Vasculitis in children following upper respiratory infection purpura in lower extremities and polyarthritis are characteristic of

Answer 29

Henoch-Schonlein purpura

Question 30

Someone has buerger’s disease. What is the feature of this condition?

Answer 30

? It is an inflammatory vasculitis of medium sized arteries of the extremities of young smoker males

Question 31

In 1999 a patient tested for syphilis and was positive lab test n signs on skin or genital area recently except some aortic regurgitation murmurs. The doctor ordered thoracic and abdominal MRI, which revealed an aneurysm. What is the most common location of this aneurysm?

Answer 31

Ascending portion of the aorta and the arch of the aorta

Question 32

A 55 year old patient presents with cough fever and foul smelling purulent sputum. By bronchoscope reveals abnormal bronchial dilation and the lumen filled with purulent exudates (pus) what is the most common organism that causes you diagnosis?

Answer 32

Streptococcus aureus

Question 33

transposition of the great vessels of the heart is

Answer 33

cyanotic congenital heart disease

Question 34

Which condition is a major jones criteria of rheumatic fever

Answer 34

Erythema marginatium

Question 35

Which disease s the best example of acyanotic congenital heart disease ?

Answer 35

Atrial septal defect

Question 36

Type of lung reaction to inhalation of coal dust is

Answer 36

anthracosis

Question 37

)Which of the following primary lung cancer has an ectopic hormone

Answer 37

small cell carcinoma

Question 38

What is the main laboratory finding of pulmonary embolism in arterial blood gas

Answer 38

hypoxemia

Question 39

Hypersensitivy pneumonitis disease is called

Answer 39

Good Pasture Syndrome

Question 40

Varicose vein is

Answer 40

Dilated tortuous medium sized veins

Question 41

What is the pathological expectation of chronic bronchitis

Answer 41

Mucous gland hyperplasia and goblet cell metaplasia

Question 42

A 76 year old nursing home resident develop lobar pneumonia. Examination of sputum demonstrates many neutrophils and many lancet shaped gram positive cocci in pairs. Which organism is the most likely cause of the patient’s pneumonia

Answer 42

Streptococcus pneumonia

Question 43

Which of the following cardiac layer affected by acute rheumatic fever disease?

Answer 43

Myocardium

Question 44

What is the most common cause of congestive cardiomyopathy among middle age men

Answer 44

Idiopathic

Question 45

Empyema is

Answer 45

A pus in the pleural cavity

Question 46

What is the main manifestation of acute rheumatic fever on the endocardium layer of the heart

Answer 46

mitral regurgitation

Question 47

Landau von Hippel disease is

Answer 47

A cavernous hemangioma of the large cavernous blood spaces of the cerebellum

Question 48

What is the main complication of bronchiesctasis

Answer 48

Lung abscess

Question 49

A 59 year old male California resident has myocarditis for a long time now he has some complications what is the most likely complication of this disease

Answer 49

congestive cardiomyopathy

Question 50

What is the most common complication of Berry aneurysm?

Answer 50

Subarachnoid hemorrhage

Question 51

)What is the most common complication of myocardial infarction within the first 6 hour of the acute attack

Answer 51

necrosis

Question 52

What is the microscopic pathological change in the lung due to pulmonary embolism

Answer 52

coagulative necrosis

Question 53

one of the following factors is a risk factor for atherosclerosis

Answer 53

hyperlipidemia

Question 54

grossly pericarditis due to acute rheumatic fever is usually manifested by

Answer 54

fibrinous adhesion of visceral and parietal pericardium

Question 55

One of the following is a minor jones criteria of rheumatic fever

Answer 55

increase erythrocyte sedimentation rate

Question 56

variant angina is characterized by

Answer 56

chest pain at rest

Question 57

kaposi’ sarcoma is

Answer 57

a vascular tumor and usually is very aggressive in AIDS patients

Question 58

asbestos may cause on of the following diseases

Answer 58

mesothelioma of the pleura