midterm1 Flashcards
walking pneumonia
mycoplasma pneumonia
lobar pneumonia is manifested by
non patchy consolidation of the lung
What is the main pathological change of secondary pulmonary tuberculosis infection
milliary caseating spread in the lung
a 33 year old moderately obsess man present with a persistent productive cough with cyanotic face. The cough ahs been present for 3 months this year . Further questioning elicits a history of productive cough usually in the whole winter months over the past several years. He has smoked since he was 16 years old. on examination shows some rhonchi and wheezes bilaterally. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis
chronic bronchitis
What is the most common type of bronchial asthma that occurs in children
extrinsic causes
Which of the following is the clinical manifestation of pulmonary infarction
tachypnea
An adult with newly diagnosed active primary tuberculosis is most likely to have which type of lesion
Gohn, focus in the upper part of the lower lobes with active disease in the mediastinal lymph nodes
Histo plasmosis ( fungus infection ) of the lung is manifested by
non caseting granuloma od the acute attack
A 7 day old infant born prematurely at a gestation age of 28 weeks dies after developing acute respiratory distress and acidosis. Unresponsive to 100% oxygen administration the autopsy revels consolidation and collapse of the lung which of the following is the underlying pathological etiology of the condition
Deficiency of pulmonary surfactant
What is the most sever complication of thrombophlebitis
pulmonary infarciton
The most common manifestation of myxoma of the heart is
valve obstruction
A 65 year old man with a history of myocardial infection the clinical evaluation revels pansytolic murmur, which indicate anterior mitral valve damage (mitral regurgitation). Which coronary artery supplies blood to this portion of the heart
Left descending interventricular coronary artery
What is the most common predisposing factor leading to adult respiratory distress syndrome
sepsis
What is the most common cause of coronary artery disease?
atherosclerosis
Most common type of primary lung cancer is adenocarcinoma
adenocarcinoma
A 42 year old female patient informs her physician that in her childhood she experience two bouts of rheumatic fever. Although she appears to be well at present which of the following sequelae of rheumatic fever is most likely to present as a chronic disease in her later years
mitral valve stenosis
Most common cause of myocarditis in the United States
cosackie b virus
Monckeberg’s medial calcific sclerosis damages
tunica media
The joint pain in acute rheumatic fever is due to
Migratory arthritis with no residual effects
Atherosclerotic atheroma originates in one of the following arterial layers
endothelium of the tunica intima
Temporal (giant cell) arteritis is
Chronic granulomatous inflammation of the medium sized arteries
What is the most common factor for dissecting aneurysm formation?
hyertension
Transmural myocardial infarction affects
endocardium, myocardium and pericardium
Non-bacterial thrombosis cause by tumors
Marantic endocarditis
Aschoff bodies
Myocarditis in rheumatic fever
Abnormal arterial dilation
Berry Aneurysm
By staphylococcus auresu in IV drug users
Acute bacterial endocarditis
Most common type of congenital heart disease
Ventricular Septel defect
Vasculitis in children following upper respiratory infection purpura in lower extremities and polyarthritis are characteristic of
Henoch-Schonlein purpura
Someone has buerger’s disease. What is the feature of this condition?
? It is an inflammatory vasculitis of medium sized arteries of the extremities of young smoker males
In 1999 a patient tested for syphilis and was positive lab test n signs on skin or genital area recently except some aortic regurgitation murmurs. The doctor ordered thoracic and abdominal MRI, which revealed an aneurysm. What is the most common location of this aneurysm?
Ascending portion of the aorta and the arch of the aorta
A 55 year old patient presents with cough fever and foul smelling purulent sputum. By bronchoscope reveals abnormal bronchial dilation and the lumen filled with purulent exudates (pus) what is the most common organism that causes you diagnosis?
Streptococcus aureus
transposition of the great vessels of the heart is
cyanotic congenital heart disease
Which condition is a major jones criteria of rheumatic fever
Erythema marginatium
Which disease s the best example of acyanotic congenital heart disease ?
Atrial septal defect
Type of lung reaction to inhalation of coal dust is
anthracosis
)Which of the following primary lung cancer has an ectopic hormone
small cell carcinoma
What is the main laboratory finding of pulmonary embolism in arterial blood gas
hypoxemia
Hypersensitivy pneumonitis disease is called
Good Pasture Syndrome
Varicose vein is
Dilated tortuous medium sized veins
What is the pathological expectation of chronic bronchitis
Mucous gland hyperplasia and goblet cell metaplasia
A 76 year old nursing home resident develop lobar pneumonia. Examination of sputum demonstrates many neutrophils and many lancet shaped gram positive cocci in pairs. Which organism is the most likely cause of the patient’s pneumonia
Streptococcus pneumonia
Which of the following cardiac layer affected by acute rheumatic fever disease?
Myocardium
What is the most common cause of congestive cardiomyopathy among middle age men
Idiopathic
Empyema is
A pus in the pleural cavity
What is the main manifestation of acute rheumatic fever on the endocardium layer of the heart
mitral regurgitation
Landau von Hippel disease is
A cavernous hemangioma of the large cavernous blood spaces of the cerebellum
What is the main complication of bronchiesctasis
Lung abscess
A 59 year old male California resident has myocarditis for a long time now he has some complications what is the most likely complication of this disease
congestive cardiomyopathy
What is the most common complication of Berry aneurysm?
Subarachnoid hemorrhage
)What is the most common complication of myocardial infarction within the first 6 hour of the acute attack
necrosis
What is the microscopic pathological change in the lung due to pulmonary embolism
coagulative necrosis
one of the following factors is a risk factor for atherosclerosis
hyperlipidemia
grossly pericarditis due to acute rheumatic fever is usually manifested by
fibrinous adhesion of visceral and parietal pericardium
One of the following is a minor jones criteria of rheumatic fever
increase erythrocyte sedimentation rate
variant angina is characterized by
chest pain at rest
kaposi’ sarcoma is
a vascular tumor and usually is very aggressive in AIDS patients
asbestos may cause on of the following diseases
mesothelioma of the pleura
