Midterm Written Flashcards
- Haydn (1732-1809) (style and contribution to symphony)
Most Famous: Symphony 104
STYLE:
slow intro, 3 movements,
CONTRIBUTIONS: father of: String quartet symphony Piano sonatas
- Mozart (1756-1791) (style and contribution to symphony)
STYLE: intricate, sophistication, effortless, operatic
CONTRIBUTION:
Lyricism and balance - regular 4 bar antecedents with instrumental contrasts. lyrical melodies.
- Beethoven (1770 - 1827) (style and contribution to symphony)
Style:
Contributions:
Larger orchestras - moving center of sound downward to creat a darker feel
germ motif - a motive that is used to create motives and themes throughout a whole work without making it obvious.
BRIDGE the Classical and Romantic periods.
earlier works bought the classical form to the highest level, while later works are forward looking, contribution to the language and thinking of the Romantic era.
- Felix Mendelssohn (1809 - 1847) (style and contribution to symphony)
Listening clue: “fairy music”
Style:
Rapid leggiero string passages, balanced themes and phrase, love of counterpoint
Contributions:
Re-popularizing Bach
the formal structure of the romantic concerto
- Brahms (1833 - 1897) (style and contribution to symphony)
Style: Grand, underlying melancholy, “pure/abstract/absolute” music, both classical and romantic elements could be found, “lived in the romantic era but wrote classical music”
Contributions:
Tone colour,
- Hector Berlioz (1803 - 1869) (style and contribution to symphony)
Style: HUGE orchestral forces, huge forces in orchestra,
Contributions:
“Treatise on instrumentation”-a textbook on instrumentation.
Critical for the further development of Romanticism
- Mahler (1860 - 1911) (style and contribution to symphony)
Style:
Contributions:
Progressive tonality (ending a work in a different key)
Dissolution of tonality
Continuously varying themes
Ironic quotation of popular styles and sounds form everyday life (bird calls, bulge signals)
