Midterm Vocabulary

Question 0

Bubonic Plague

Answer 0

a very serious disease that is spread especially by rats and that killed many people in the Middle Ages

Question 1

Monsoon

Answer 1

a wind in the Indian Ocean and southern Asia that brings heavy rains in the summer

Question 2

Hinduism

Answer 2

the main religion of India which includes the worship of many gods and the belief that after you die you return to life in a different form

Question 3

Buddhism

Answer 3

a religion of eastern and central Asia that is based on the teachings of Gautama Buddha

Question 4

Reincarnation

Answer 4

the idea or belief that people are born again with a different body after death

Question 5

Moksha

Answer 5

liberation from ignorance to a state of enlightenment and self-realization

Question 6

Nirvana

Answer 6

the state of perfect happiness and peace in Buddhism where there is release from all forms of suffering

Question 7

Eightfold path

Answer 7

a unified theoretical scheme for classifying the relationship among strongly interacting elementary particles on the basis of isospin and hypercharge

Question 8

Sanskrit

Answer 8

a language that was spoken many years ago in India and is still used in the practice of Hinduism

Question 9

Caste System

Answer 9

a social structure in which classes are determined by heredity

Question 10

Cultural Diffusion

Answer 10

Spreading ideas from one culture to another

Question 11

Judaism

Answer 11

the religion developed among the ancient Hebrews that stresses belief in God and faithfulness to the laws of the Torah

Question 12

Christianity

Answer 12

the religion that is based on the teachings of Jesus Christ

Question 13

Islam

Answer 13

the religion which teaches that there is only one God and that Muhammad is God’s prophet

Question 14

Ten Commandments

Answer 14

the ethical commandments of God given according to biblical accounts to Moses by voice and by writing on stone tablets on Mount Sinai

Question 15

Five Pillars

Answer 15

Religious obligations accepted by all muslims

Question 16

Torah

Answer 16

the body of wisdom and law contained in Jewish Scripture and other sacred literature and oral tradition

Question 17

Animism

Answer 17

the belief that all plants, animals, and objects have spirits

Question 18

Shintoism

Answer 18

A religion native to Japan, characterized by veneration of nature spirits and ancestors and by a lack of formal dogma.

Question 19

Four Noble Truths

Answer 19

the four central beliefs containing the essence of Buddhist teaching.

Question 20

Polytheism

Answer 20

the belief that there is more than one god

Question 21

Monotheism

Answer 21

Only believing in one god

Question 22

Code of Hammurabi

Answer 22

a comprehensive set of laws, considered by many scholars to be the oldest laws established; they were handed down four thousand years ago

Question 23

Brahma

Answer 23

the creator god of the Hindu sacred triad

Question 24

Dharma

Answer 24

an individual’s duty fulfilled by observance of custom or law

Question 25

Silk Road

Answer 25

an ancient trade route between China and the Mediterranean

Question 26

Middle Kingdom

Answer 26

the period in the history of ancient Egypt, c2000–1785 b.c., comprising the 11th to 14th dynasties.

Question 27

Confucianism

Answer 27

of or relating to the Chinese philosopher Confucius or his teachings or followers

Question 28

Pax Romana

Answer 28

the peace that existed between nationalities within the Roman Empire.

Question 29

Guilds

Answer 29

an organized group of people who have joined together because they share the same job or interest

Question 30

Democracy

Answer 30

a form of government in which people choose leaders by voting

Question 31

Hieroglyphics

Answer 31

written in, constituting, or belonging to a system of writing mainly in pictorial characters

Question 32

Cuneiform

Answer 32

relating to or written in a system of writing used in parts of the ancient Middle East

Question 33

Fertile Crescent

Answer 33

a geographical area of fertile land in the Middle East stretching in a broad semicircle from the Nile to the Tigris and Euphrates rivers

Question 34

Hagia Sophia

Answer 34

a 6th century masterpiece of Byzantine architecture in Istanbul; built as a Christian church, converted to a mosque in 1453, and made into a museum in the middle of the 20th century

Question 35

Justinians Code

Answer 35

a compilation of Roman imperial law made by order of Justinian I, forming part of the Corpus Juris Civilis

Question 36

Terrace Farming

Answer 36

a unique farming solution for hillsides. Farmers build terraces to shore up a hillside and provide multiple levels of farming

Question 37

Commercial Revolution

Answer 37

a period of European economic expansion, colonialism, and mercantilism which lasted from approximately the 16th century until the early 18th century

Question 38

Chivalry

Answer 38

the system of values (such as loyalty and honor) that knights in the Middle Ages were expected to follow

Question 39

One hundred years war

Answer 39

a series of conflicts waged from 1337 to 1453 between the Kingdom of England and the Kingdom of France for control of the French throne

Question 40

Manorialism

Answer 40

A system in which lord held a fief and peasant was bound to work land