Midterm Vocab Flashcards
a culture’s philosophy explaining the origin and structure of the universe, including the characteristics of time and space, among other things.
cosmology
a particular manner, form, or character of representation or expression, typical of an individual artist, group of artists, or artistic period
artistic style
an artistic style that seeks to replicate the physical appearance of the subject as it appears to the eye
naturalism
creating the illusion of figures or objects appearing to recede or project sharply into space, often using the rules of perspective
foreshortening
a term which means “rebirth” and is often used to refer to a time period from roughly the 1400s-1500s, or a cultural movement in the Early Modern Period that combined new artistic styles to explore ideals of classicism and humanism
renaissance
an interest in the ancient greeks and romans past as a model for art making, or any aspect of art that reflects the rules, canons, and examples of classical art
classicism
renaissance cultural movement that attached prime importance to human perspectives, potential, needs, and rationality, seeking to understand human life and individual freedoms within the framework of christianity
humanism
cross vault, a vault formed by two identical barrel vaults intersecting at a right angle
groin vault
an arched ceiling of roof supported or reinforced by crossing ribs, which carry the load and usually meet at a point in Gothic architecture
rib vault
representing the human body so that it appears as if its weight is shifted to one leg, creating a subtle S-shaped curve through the back and shoulders that animates the figure
contrapposto
a technique in which water-based pigment is applied to wet plaster (buon fresco) or dried plaster (fresco seco) to create a mural painting
fresco
a recessed decorative panel that, with many other similar panels, is used to decorate ceilings or vaults.
coffers
a technique for representing objects in three-dimensional space on a two-dimensional surface, in which a series of orthogonal lines meet at a single or double vanishing point on the horizon line
linear perspective
a triangular or arched gable found over major architectural elements such as Greek porticos, windows, or doors
pediment
a continuous semi-circular vault
barrel vault
a full-scale drawing used to transfer the outline of a design onto a surface to be painted, especially in fresco painting
cartoon
a patch of wet plaster (the intonaco), representing the amount of fresco painting that can be completed in “a day’s work”, laid over the sinopia drawing
guirnata
a small semi-circular or polygonal niche protruding from the end wall of a building
apse
belief by a religions or social group that a fundamental transformation of society or even the end of the world is imminent
millenarianism
a sculpted image or design, with the flat background carved away to a set off the figure. Called high relief or low relief depending upon the degree that the image projects from the background
relief sculpture
in classical orders, this describes all the horizontal elements above the columns and capitals
entablature
the upper-most component of a classical entablature, or more generally, any horizontal projecting element in a building, usually at the top of a wall or pedestal
cornice
in classical architecture, the middle-element of an entablature, usually decorated with continuous sculpture, painting, or molding
frieze
any classical order built on a large scale, where the columns rise through several stories in height and often stand upon a raised pedestal
colossal order
