midterm vocab

Question 1

arch

Question 2

basilica

Answer 2

there was a basilica in every roman city. Center of administration of roman empire, and a court. Brought administrative law into practice but also determined judicial law and practice. In roman law/practice, emperor had to be present to sign and make official any edict, official announcement, law, etc. practical impossibility so romans created monumental portraits as stand ins for the emperor. To replace presence of emperor to allow all the business//administrative efforts to take place. A sculpture like this is extremely important. Literally represrnting his presence and allowing business to take place)
Basilica
Long halls, with arches
Side aisles for other matters of business/judicial/administrative things
Portrait seated enthroned in center at end of long aisle. Seated in presence of all stuff going on.

Question 3

bay

Question 4

buttress

Question 5

capital

Answer 5

Where emperor had central palace and administrative structure.

Question 6

cella

Answer 6

holiest chamber of ziggurat temple. Related to idea of getting closer to heaven

Question 7

codex

Question 8

column

Question 9

contrapposto

Answer 9

One leg engaged, one bent

Question 10

coffer (coffering)

Answer 10

Solution of pantheon in supporting dome was coffers and from all sides concrete structure supporting from below. Heavy concrete walls.

Question 11

cromlech

Question 12

dome

Question 13

doric

Answer 13

Large scale columns around the 4 sides of building and divided vertically into 3 parts: base, columns, and entablature

Question 14

embroidery

Question 15

entablature

Answer 15

upper part of doric column that includes the triangular pediment

Question 16

facade

Question 17

frieze

Question 18

hellenistic

Question 19

iconoclasm

Question 20

illumination / illuminated manuscript

Question 21

ionic

Question 22

jamb (pl. jambs)

Question 23

kore (pl. korai)

Answer 23

female ancient greek sculpture

Question 24

kouros( pl. kouroi)

Answer 24

Male ancient greek standing figure almost always naked

Question 25

lintel

Answer 25

horizontal slab on top of two vertical slabs

Question 26

mastaba

Answer 26

refers to egyptian word bench bc kinda has form of bench. Angled walls flat top. When first built not built in stone, but in flexible matrix like mud brick whichcouldnt be built in vertical way adn when they started building in stone they continued this shape

Question 27

medium

Answer 27

can refer to category of what kind if art it is- sculpture, painting, architecture
In a more specific way can refer to specific material made of i..e limestone of venus, cave painting paint on wall - categorization of what art it is, and we often categorize artists by the medium they use- sculptists, painters or multi-media artist

Question 28

megalith (megalithic)

Answer 28

Monumental form of sculpture that stands and exists in one space.

Question 29

mosaic

Answer 29

Pieces of colored stone called teccera. Individual pieces (plural teccerae) fit together into image.

Question 30

neolithic

Answer 30

Most recent. As early as 6k or 4k bce, and almost as late as 1k bce.

Question 31

oculus

Answer 31

opening through dome where sun comes through

Question 32

order

Question 33

paleolithic

Answer 33

Old stone age, Can be dated as early as 40k bce or 30bce and goes to 10 or e bce. 20-30k years

Question 34

pediment

Question 35

pendentive

Answer 35

Walls open, spherical triangles sending weight into 4 massive tiers at four corners, open up space on the 4 sides, no longer need heavy concrete walls. Weight isolated in 4 points. Pendentives are spherical triangles that translate and distribute the weight.

Question 36

post-and-lintel system

Answer 36

3 part stone structure. 2 posts and one horizontal lintel.

Question 37

relic / reliquary

Question 38

relief

Question 39

stele

Answer 39

standing stone slab used in the ancient world primarily as a grave marker but also for dedicati

Question 40

tesserae

Question 41

tympanum

Question 42

vault/vaulting

Question 43

ziggurat

Answer 43

temple