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NSC 101 > Midterm Topics > Flashcards

Midterm Topics Flashcards

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1
Q

Who proposed Oscillating Theory?

A

Richard Tolman

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2
Q

Who proposed BigBang Theory?

A

Georges Lemaitre

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3
Q

A dense intersellar cloud produces a clusters of stars. Dense regions in the cloud forms and coalesce, as the small blobs have random spins.

A

Protoplanet Hypothesis

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4
Q

A star passes close enough to the sun creating huge tides and causing materials to be ejected. It suggested that when a huge tidal wave created from a sun’s collision with another star, a long filament was drawn out and detached from the principal mass.

A

Planetesimal and Tidal Theories

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5
Q

The whole solar system starts as a large cloud of gas that contracts under self-gravity.

A

Nebular Hypothesis

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6
Q

This theory sees our universe as just one of many “bubbles” that grew apart.

A

Multiverse Theory

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7
Q

A theory that proposes a period of extremely rapid (exponential) expansion of the universe during its first few moments.

A

Inflation Theory

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8
Q

Universe is always expanding but maintaining a constant average density, with matter of being continuously created from new stars and galaxies.

A

Steady State Theory

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9
Q

Cosmological model that combines both the BigBang and the big crunch as part of cyclical event.

A

Oscillating Theory

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10
Q

The universe is expanding, having originated from infinity tiny, infinitely dense point around 14 Billion years ago.

A

Multiverse Theory

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11
Q

Who proposed Steady State Theory?

A

Fred Hoyle, Thomas Gold, and Herman Bondi

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12
Q

Who proposed Inflation Theory?

A

Alan Guth

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13
Q

Who proposed Multiverse Theory?

A

Hugh EVerett III and Bryce De Witt

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14
Q

Who proposed Nebular Hypothesis?

A

Immanuel Kent and Pierre Simon Laplace

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15
Q

Who proposed Planetesimal Theory?

A

Thomas Chamberlin and Forest Ray Moultan

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16
Q

Who proposed Tidal Theory?

A

James Hopwood Jeans and Harold Jeffreys

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17
Q

Who proposed Protoplanet Hypothesis?

A

Gerald Kuiper and Carl von Weizsacker

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18
Q

The solar system is comfortably nestled in a safe harbor major spiral arms, and its nearly circular orbit help it avoid the galaxy’s perilous inner region.

A

Location

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19
Q

Stars move massive than this burn hotter and usually don’t love long enough for planets to develop life.

A

Sun

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20
Q

Earth orbits in the so called GOLDILOCKS zone, where the planet receives enough energy to allow water to exist as a liquid on its surface.

A

Right Location

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21
Q

The intersellar cloud of gas and dust that gave rise to earth contained enough radioactive elments to power a charming core for billions of years.

A

Dynamic Core

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22
Q

Earth is tilted with respect to the sun and teeters as it spins the tiny wooble can shift the climate from hot to icy.

A

Big Moon

23
Q

A zone within the earth where a sudden change in physical properties, such as the velocity.

A

Discontinuity

24
Q

Between the upper & lower crust.

A

Conrad Discontinuity

25
Q

Between the Lower crust & Upper mantle.

A

Mohorovicic Discontinuity

26
Q

Between the Upper & Lower mantle.

A

Repetti Discontinuity

27
Q

Between the Lower mantle & Outer core

A
28
Q

Between Outer & Lower core

A

Lehmann Discontinuity

29
Q

Refers to the solid Earth. It is composed of naturally-occurring solid aggregate of minerals, organic material, or natural glass called rocks.

A

Geosphere

30
Q

It is the totality of Earth’s water, including the permanently frozen parts.

A

Hydrosphere

31
Q

It is the mixture of gases that surround the planet such as nitrogen, oxygen, argon, carbon dioxide, water vapor, and other trace gases.

A

Atmosphere

32
Q

It includes all life forms, even organic matter that has not yet decomposed.

A

Biosphere

33
Q

It is the process that shape the earth.

A

Exogenic Processes

34
Q

A process that disintegrate and decomposed rocks near Earth’s surface through the element of weather.

A

Weathering

35
Q

Type of Weathering, process by which living organisms, such as plants, animals, and microorganisms contribute to the weathering and breakdown of rocks and minerals.

A

Biological / Biotic Weathering

36
Q

3 Types under Exogenic Processes

A

Weathering, Mass Wasting, & Erosion

37
Q

Type of Weathering that the interaction of rocks with mineral solutions.

A

Chemical Weathering

38
Q

Type of Weathering that physical breakdown of rocks.

A

Mechanical Weathering

39
Q

Downslope movement due to gravity. Caused by several factors.

A

Mass Wasting

40
Q

3 Types of Mass Wasting

A

Fall, Slide, & Flow

41
Q

Removal of soil at a greater rate than its replacement by natural agencies.

A

Erosion

42
Q

4 Types of Erosion

A

Wind Erosion
Sheet Erosion
Rill Erosion
Gully Erosion

43
Q

Geological processes that occur beneath the surface of the Earth.

A

Endogenic Processes

44
Q

3 Types of Relative Dating

A

Fossils
Stratigraphy
Biostratigraphy
Cross Dating

45
Q

Principles of Relative dating that all rocks layers were originally deposited horizontally.

A

Principles of Original Horizontally

46
Q

Principles of Relative dating that stated that each layers of sediments or rocks is piled on top on another layer.

A

Principles of Superposition

47
Q

Principles of Relative dating that states that are mixed up in the formation of sediments is called intrusions.

A

Principles of Intrusions

48
Q

Principles of Relative dating that fossils of plants and animals are grouped according to the period of geologic time they appeared.

A

Principles of Fossil Succession

49
Q

A method of determining the age of rocks in each layer by identifying the relative order of previous events.

A

Relative Dating

50
Q

A method of determining the numerical age of rocks using different methods.

A

Absolute Dating

51
Q

4 Methods of Absolute Dating

A

Radiometric Dating
Amino Acid Dating
Dendrochronology Dating
Thermoluminescence Dating

52
Q

3 Types of Hazards

A

Geological Hazards
Hydrometeorological Hazards
Coastal Hazards

53
Q

PAGASA means?

A

Philippine Atmospheric Geophysical & Astronomical Services Administration

NSC 101 (1 decks)

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