Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

PSCI 3200 > Midterm Terms > Flashcards

Midterm Terms Flashcards

1
Q

UN mission shortfall

A

The difference between the amount of troops authorized for a mission and the amount that are actually deployed, average is 20%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Yemeni civil war

A

A religious conflict between the insurgent Houthis who are Shi’ite (supported by Iran) and the government run by Hadi who is Sunni (supported by US and Saudi Arabia)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

South Sudanese civil war

A

Fighting between the Dinka and Nuer ethnic groups, sparked by an accusation of an attempted coup, but hostilities go way back

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

UN mission composition

A

The breakdown of forces and people the UN send to a conflicted area: troops are the most effective in limiting battle deaths (Hultman)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

UN peacekeeping operations

A

Not initially in the charter, but cites ch. 7 and threats to international peace as justification for stepping (now the most common intervener)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Mediation

A

It is non-binding, non-coercive, and nonviolent mediation, meaning that government and rebels must voluntarily come together to negotiate with the aid of a third party

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Greed v. Grievance

A

Theory of causes of civil conflict: either a marterial element that an insurgent group desires to obtain or a dissatisfaction with the state; however, tends to over predict civil conflicts

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Lootable resources

A

Resources an autocratic nation may get involved in a civil conflict; wants to take those resources to give to their winning coalition that keeps them power; provides incentive to make war last

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Non-military/humanitarian intervention

A

The involvement of one or more non-warring parties to try to help state and insurgent halt violence, focus on helping civilians (UN, US, Catholic Church)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Sana’a

A

Capital of Yemen, taken peacefully by Houthis in 2014 who disliked Hadi as president because he refused to step down–religious tensions; Hadi fled to Aden

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Military intervention in civil conflict

A

(Koga) Democracies get involved on behalf of their constituents co-ethnics or when the rebels are particularly strong and will bring decisive victory while autocracies get involved when lootable resources are available

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Saleh

A

Former president of Yemen, ousted in the 2012 Arab Spring, aligned with Shi’ite Houthi but killed by them when he broke away

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Houthi

A

An Islamic political and religious group of Shi’ites, backed by Iran, who are unhappy with Hadi ruling Yemen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Al Qaeda in the Arabian Peninsula

A

Serves as a de facto government in many parts of rural Yemen because they are able to perform public services; capitalized on the bombing campaigns of US and Saudi Arabia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Nuer

A

Insurgent ethnic group in South Sudan, led by Riek Machar

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Dinka

A

Ethnicity of the government, led by president Salva Kiir in South Sudan

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

anarchy

A

the absence of a higher authority with the ability to reliably/effectively regulate state behavior

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Relative vs. absolute gains

A

Liberalists believe in absolute gains (doing better than you were regardless of others) while realists believe in relative gains (it’s only better if you’re also doing better than others)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Hard vs. soft power

A

Hard power: military might

Soft power: diplomatic influence

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Levels of analysis: lenses through which we can study IR

A

Individual: looks at the influence of leaders and influential people
Dyadic: looks at pairs of states and their common or different attributes
State: looks at the domestic characteristics of a state
Global/systemic: looks at how the resources are distributed throughout the entire system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Realism

A

• An approach to international affairs that emphasizes the importance of power as a means of state survival

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Liberalism

A

An approach to international affairs that emphasizes international cooperation and how institutions can help mitigate anarchy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Constructivism

A

An approach to IR that emphasizes how social interactions shape state identities and interests, and social history between states matters

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Power cycles theory

A

Hegemon’s can’t stay in power forever and usually rise and wane over a 100-year period

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Misperception

A

Belief that another state is weak in capability or resolve can lead to more risk-accepting behavior and result in conflict

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

Peace through strength

A

Realist idea that military strength can create a unipolar system and a hegemon can enact leadership by serving as almost a central authority

27
Q

Offense/defense balance

A

Offense advantage world: it is easier to take land than hold land, creates intense arms races and wars are often shorter and more frequent
Defense advantage world: it is easier to hold land than take, we can easily identify between defensive and offensive weapons and it is easy to identify revisionist states (Jervis)

28
Q

Quantitative arms control

A

focus on number and reduction or limitiation

29
Q

Qualitative arms control

A

focuses on what kinds of weapons, ex. ICBMs, ABMs, MRVs

30
Q

SALT I

A

1972, limited ABMs and ICBMs

31
Q

SALT II

A

1979, limited multiple re-entry vehicles

32
Q

START I

NewSTART

A

1991, reduced the amount of arms the US and USSR had.

More limits, effective until 2021

33
Q

trade war

A

The imposition of retaliatory tariffs between at least 2 economies

34
Q

Retaliatory tariffs

A

A tax on one country’s imports in response to them taxing your imports

35
Q

Rationality

A

Realism assumes that state leaders are able to logically think about how to survive in the system and further their own interests

36
Q

Sovereignty

A

A state’s right to do whatever it wants within it’s borders

37
Q

UN Security Council

A

Made of the P5 and 10 rotating members, elected regionally every 2 years, make binding resolutions

38
Q

Security dilemma

A

A situation where one state’s actions to make itself more secure are perceived as a threat to the security of other states

39
Q

Militarized interstate dispute (MID)

A

the threat, display, or use of force short of war and explicitly directed at another state (Jones, Brenner, Singer)

40
Q

Balance of power

A

State’s balance each other’s power by either internally building up their military or externally allying with other states

41
Q

Polarity

A

Denotes the balance of power in the international system

42
Q

Hegemon

A

unipolar; one power (promotes peace because they can act as the central authority)

43
Q

Bipolar

A

two powers (no great power wars, but many small wars)

44
Q

multipolar

A

3 or more powers, very unstable

45
Q

Power transition theory

A

Conflict is more likely when a hegemon is waning in power and another state is a rising power (and must also dislike status quo)

46
Q

Collective security organization

A

A group of states agree to renounce use of force to settle disputes with one another and promise to use force against any member that violates that agreement

47
Q

Collective defense organization

A

States join together and agree to use force in response to attacks from outside the group

48
Q

structural democratic peace

A

a system of checks and balances and the need to maintain the support of the people makes it hard for chief executives to declare war (Moaz and Russet)

49
Q

normative democratic peace

A

democracies have internal norms of peaceful conflict resolution that they externalize when dealing with other democracies (Moaz and Russet)

50
Q

Economic/capitalist peace

A

Trade provides economic incentives that prompt democracies to pursue peaceful resolutions to conflicts

51
Q

Kantian tripod

A

International organizations lead to democracy, lead to economic interdependence, lead to international organizations and all contribute to peace

52
Q

Bargaining models of war

A

(Walter) incentives to conceal information and issues of commitment are key reasons to bargaining failure

53
Q

“Strategic patience” strategy

A

Obama’s foreign policy strategy in regard to North Korea: wait for North Korea to come to the US

54
Q

Juche

A

North Korean policy of self-reliance

55
Q

Time-technology dilemma

A

The more bargaining delay the more time North Korea has to get strong, making the US relatively weaker

56
Q

Juba and Malakal

A

Juba is the capital of South Sudan where Salva Kiir stays; Malakal is a city on the White Nile and rebel control of it would block state access to oil fields

57
Q

selective violence

A

appears as assassinations, executions, and targeting HQ; more likely from rebels who have an information advantage

58
Q

indiscriminate violence

A

more likely from government because they can’t easily ID the insurgents (info issue) and also serves as deterrence to anyone who wants to join the rebels - can sometimes backfire and incentivize them to join

59
Q

zones of control

A

(Kalyvas) In zones where the government has more control, they can more easily use selective violence, and denunciations of rebels will be high; in zone 3, violence will be low because both sides have an info problem

60
Q

asymmetrical warfare

A

an uneven balance of power exists between the two conflicting groups (usually rebels are weaker than state)

61
Q

conventional warfare

A

two armies meet each other and attempt to win by defeating the other on the battlefield

62
Q

unconventional warfare

A

guerrilla warfare, sneak attacks, being unable to identify the enemy among the civilians

63
Q

arms embargo

A

in South Sudan, the embargo prevents anyone from bringing arms into the country; in Yemen, the embargo prevents only those arming Houthis from bringing in arms (so targeted at Iran and lets US slip through)

64
Q

interstate war

A

sustained, coordinated violence between political organizations

PSCI 3200 (2 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions