Midterm Terms Flashcards
Margaret Sanger
- In 1921 in NY, Sanger organized the American Birth Control League,
- alienated supporters of birth control by endorsing sterilization for the mentally incompetent and for people with certain hereditary conditions.
- Didn’t succeed, but eventually her efforts turned into Planned Parenthood and doctors were able to prescribe contraceptives.
Plessy v. Ferguson
- 1896
- New Orleans
- Homer Plessy, an octoroon (a person having one-eighth African ancestry), refused to leave a whites-only railroad car and was convicted of violating the law.
- The Supreme Court ruled that states had a right to create laws segregating public places
The Maine
- 1898
- Years later, the sinking was ruled an accident resulting from a coal explosion, but in 1898 those eager for war with Spain saw no need to delay judgment.
- In the weeks following the sinking, the Spanish government grudgingly agreed to virtually every American demand regarding Cuba,
Freedman’s Bureau
- 1865
- Placed under the control of the war department
- Provided relief to the American South: 2/3 to freed slaves, and 1/3 to white refugees
- Staffed by former union officers
- Provided food for 150,000 people every day
- Created 100 hospitals and staffed them in the American south
- Established 4,000 public schools.
14th Amendment
• 1866
• Those born in the US have citizenship, regardless of race, and you could not lose your rights as a citizen (life, liberty, and property) without due process
• Congress writes a loophole (and will do the same with the 15th): Congress reserves the right to pass more legislation to support the 14th amendment if need be
• Nullifies Dred Scott
Made abolitionists upset because freedom to vote wasn’t included.
15th Amendment
15th Amendment
• 1870
• guaranteed at the federal level the right of citizens to vote regardless of “race, color, or previous condition of servitude.”
Congressional Reconstruction
- Late 1860s, transition from pre to post civil war
- Freedman’s Bureau
- Civil Rights Act
- 14th Amendment
- Reconstruction Acts
- 15th Amendments
- 5 Enforcement Acts
Andrew Johnson
- Late 1860s
- President for most of the reconstruction (up until the enforcement acts)
- Blamed the southern elite, then started to sympathize with them.
Ku Klux Klan
- 1866
- Militant wing of the democratic party, becomes particularly violent before elections
- Wanted to prevent blacks from voting and having rights
- Were pretty successful in doing so, and prevented a lot of black voting in the south.
- Their motives were varied—anger over the Confederate defeat, resentment against federal soldiers occupying the South, com-plaints about having to pay black workers, and an almost paranoid fear that former slaves might seek violent revenge against whites.
Dawes Act
- 1887
- survey American Indian tribal land and divide it into allotments for individual Indians. Those who accepted allotments and lived separately from the tribe would be granted United States citizenship.
Sitting Bull
- 1875
- Didn’t want to sell land
- Took his people to Canada for freedom, but eventually came back to surrender
- Inspired resistance against the US government and reservations
“The Compromise of 1877”
• Democrats let Hayes be president as long as the last troops of the south could be removed.
1893 Chicago World’s Fair
- World fair that was in competition with New York
- Wanted to reestablish Chicago
- H.H. Holmes – serial killer, over 200 people, not discovered until after the fair
Theodore Roosevelt
- Conservationist (national park system)
* Convinces americans that we have a big role to play on the world stage
Triangle Fire
- 1911, NYC
- fire in shirtdress production facility
- provided validity to the movement for unions
