Midterm Terms Flashcards
Family
Groups of related people, bound by connections that are biological, legal, or emotional
Fictive Kin
people other than legal or blood relatives who roles providing the needs others
Exclusionist
Most restrictive definitions of family. Traditional definitions of marriage, children gender roles and heteronormativity
Inclusionist
All-encompassing definition of family. If it functions like a family it is one.
Moderators
Children and signifiers of commitment, like marriage, are fundamental to the definition of family
Social institution
Organize patterns of beliefs and behaviors centered around basic social needs
Institutional arena
A social space in which relationships between people and common positions are governed by acceptable rules of interaction
Family arena
Institutional arena where people practice intimacy, childbearing, socialization, and care work
Social scripts
Commonly understood patterns of interaction
Race
Categorizing people on perceived physical similarities
Ethnicity
Groups of people with common cultural heritage
Minority group
Unequal access to economic, political, and social opportunities. Possess characteristics considered inferior by the dominant group
Dominate group
Group that has greater power and privilege
Acculturation
The acquisition of a new culture and language
Assimilation
The gradual reduction of ethnic distinctions between immigrants in the mainstream society
Consonant
Parents and children together transition away from home culture and language
Dissonant
Children develop English ability more quickly and integrate into new society more easily than parents
Stratification
Hierarchical ranking of groups of people
Social strata
One’s position in the hierarchic based on a combination of wealth, power, and prestige
Social class
Group of people who share a similar position in society based on their wealth and income
Absolute mobility
When a person earns more money (in inflation-adjusted of money) than their parents said at the exact same age
Relative mobility
A person’s rank with in income distribution as a whole
Intergenerational elasticity (IGE)
The strength of the relationship between generations tracking economic advantage over time
Sex
The biological characteristics that identify an individual as male or female
Sex identity
Recognition or internalization of the biological sex category
Gender
Attitudes, self-concepts, and conduct expected of a given sex in society
Gender identity
Identification with the social category
Gender expression
One outward behavior pattern in relation to common standards of a gender category
Socialization
The process by which individuals internalize elements of social structures, making those elements part of their personality
Consensus perspective
A prospective that projects an image of society as a collective expression of shared norms and values
Conflict perspective
The view that the opposition and conflict to define a society and are necessary for social evolution
Feminist theory
A theory that seeks to understand and ultimately reduce the inequality between men and women
Exchange theory
The theory that individuals or groups with different resources, strengths, and weaknesses enter into mutual relationships to maximize their own gains
Symbolic interactionism
A theory concerned with the ability of humans to see themselves through the eyes of others humans and to enact social roles based on others’ expectations
Modernity theory
A theory of historical emergence of the individual as an actor and society and how individuality changed personal and institutional relations
Monogamy
A family system in which each person only has one spouse
Polygamy
A family system in which one person only has more than one spouse
Polyandry
A family system in which Women only has more than one husband (Rare)
Polygyny
A family system in which Man only has more than one wife (Common)
Theory
Set of statements or propositions that seek to explain or predict a particular aspect of social life
4 IGE findings
About half is passed on
Upper and middle are better at it
Boys directly with their earning potential
Girls directly with their potential to marry better
