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PSY201 > Midterm Summer 2017 > Flashcards

Midterm Summer 2017 Flashcards

1
Q

What are the fields of psychology (make sure to get the main three)? Briefly explain.

A
  1. ) Biological: Physiological, structural, and developmental mechanisms of mental disorders
  2. ) Developmental: Emotional and cognitive changes as they relate to the stafes of life
  3. ) Cognitive: Study of mental processes
  4. ) Personality: Measuring of personality traits
  5. ) Social: Teaching social skills and social competency
  6. ) Positive Psychology: Study of what motivates people and increases quality of life
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2
Q

What are the five subfields of Applied Psychology? (careers)
CCEOC

A
  1. ) Clinical
  2. ) Counseling
  3. ) Educational
  4. ) Industrial-Organizational
  5. ) Community Psychology
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3
Q

What are the three levels of biopsychosocial analysis?

plus bonus ones if you can remember

A

Biological, cognitive, social

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4
Q

Different types of research and experimentation (Correlation/causation)
CD

A
  1. ) Correlational Research: Quantative method of research to determine if there is a relationship between two similar variables
  2. ) Descriptive Research: Research used to describe characteristics of populations or phenomenon. Does not answer how/why/when etc.
  3. ) Experiments: Manipulation of independent variables and its measurement. Gain control of all factors that may influence result
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5
Q

Atkinson Shiffron Model (1968)

A

Proposed that memory is stored in three ways: short term (working), long term, and sensory.

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6
Q

Effortful Processing is____

Priming is_______

Long term potentiation is_______

A

Effortful processing is not automatically learned, but something that you have to pay attention to.

Priming is when exposure to a stimulus influences response to later stimulus.

Long term potentiation is strengthening of neuronal connection through patterns.

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7
Q 
Define the parts of a neuron:
Cell body
Dendrites
Terminal branches of axon
Axon
Neural Impulse
Myelin Sheath
A

The Cell body is the cell’s life support center.

Dendrites receive messages from other cells

Terminal branch of axon form junctions with other cells

Axon passes messages from cell body out to other neurons, glands, and cells

Neural Impulse is an electrical signal traveling to the axon; action potential

Myelin Sheath is the covering over the axon and helps speed neural impulse.

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8
Q

What is a synapse/action potential?

A

A synapse is information passed from one neuron to another. An action potential is the “impulse”, electrical information being carried away from the cell body.

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9
Q

Neurotransmitters

A

Chemical messengers that relay signals from one neuron to another. Connect to ‘receptors’ in the brain. Imbalances in the way these chemicals communicate proposed to underly many mental health conditions.

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10
Q

Frontal Lobe and motor cortex

Think Phineas Gage

A

Voluntary movement, learning, personality, higher cognitive functions, executive functions, speaking

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11
Q

Parietal Lobe and somatosensory cortex

A

Integration of sensory information and understanding of spacial orientation. Somatosensory cortex is the part that receives all of this information (i.e. touch) and prepares it to be processed.

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12
Q

Occipital Lobe

A

Visual stimuli

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13
Q

Temporal Lobe

A

Auditory stimuli as well as speach. Information retrieval.

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14
Q

Corpus Callosum

A

Allows two hemispheres of brain to communicate (crossover effect).

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15
Q

Medulla

A

Controls autonomic processes. Composes the base of brainstem.

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16
Q

Pons

A

The “bridge” between thalamus and medulla.

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17
Q

Reticular formation

A

Connects the two hemispheres of the brain. Enables alertness, Composed of a connection of nerves not a specific location.

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18
Q

Thalamus

A

The “switchboard” that routes sensory information to cortex. involves all senses except for smell (because your nose connects to your dang brain).

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19
Q

Cerebellum

A

Motor functions. Coordinates all voluntary movement, nonverbal learning, muscle memory and conditioned physical responses, implicit memory.

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20
Q

Amygdala

A

Fear and agression. Works with the Hippocampus to create emotionall charged memories.

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21
Q

Hippocampus

A

Consciousness and episodic memory.

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22
Q

Hypothalamus

A

Homeostasis and basic bodily drives (body temperature, sex drive, reward center). Located below “hypo” the thalamus. Controls pituitary gland.

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23
Q

Pituitary gland

A

Hub of the endocrine system and hormone production.

24
Q

Aristotle

A

335 BCE, early theories of the mind and denied existence of innate ideas. laid foundations for later psychological thought.

25
Q

The first psychological lab

A

1879

26
Q

Wilhelm Wundt (how did he make psychology more scientific)

A

1832-1920, helped to make psychology more scientific through carefully measured observations and experiementation.

27
Q

Titchner (What school of thought was he?)

A

Student of Wundt, Structuralism; the idea that introspection could be used to construct a map of the mind.

28
Q

William James (what school of thought was he?)

A

Functionalism; examined how behavior and thinking styles allowed early man to survive

29
Q

Mary W. Calkins (Why is she notable?)

A

Student of James. Studied memory and became first female president of APA.

30
Q

Margaret Washburn (Why is she notable?)

A

First female PhD

31
Q

John B. Watson (What school of thought and what did he study?)

A

Behaviorist who studied conditioned responses.

32
Q

B.F. Skinner (What school of thought and what did he study?)

A

behaviorist who studied consequences of human behavior.

33
Q

Behaviorism

A

Field of psychology that studies human behavior. Shuns the value of introspection.

34
Q

Frued

A

Psychoanalysist, believed that early life experiences gravely impacted later development.

35
Q

Maslow and Rogers (What school of thought and what did they study?)

A

Humanists, studied people that were already thriving rather than people that were ill.

36
Q

John Locke

A

Enlightenment philosopher that laid groundwork for early psychological thought. Believed in a “blank slate” .

37
Q

Charles Darwin

A

Believed that certain traits survived because of natural selection.

38
Q

Cell body of a Neuron

A

Life support center

39
Q

Dendrites

A

Receive messages from other cells

40
Q

Terminal Branch of Axon

A

forms junctions with other cells

41
Q

Axon

A

Sends messages from cells to other parts of the body

42
Q

Neural Impulse

A

Electrical signal traveling traveling to axons

43
Q

Myelin Sheath

A

covers the neuron and helps make communication faster

44
Q

1.) Clinical
2.) Counseling
3.) Educational
4.) Industrial-Organizational
5.) Community Psychology
What is this a list of?

A

Subfields in applied Psychology, applied meaning you actively apply your skills. Careers.

45
Q

Believed that certain traits survived because of natural selection.

A

Darwin

46
Q

Enlightenment philosopher that laid groundwork for early psychological thought. Believed in a “blank slate” .

A

Locke

47
Q

Humanists, studied people that were already thriving rather than people that were ill.

A

Maslow and Rogers

48
Q

Psychoanalysist, believed that early life experiences gravely impacted later development.

A

Freud

49
Q

behaviorist who studied consequences of human behavior.

A

B.F. Skinner

50
Q

Behaviorist who studied conditioned responses.

A

John B. Watson

51
Q

First female PhD

A

Margaret Washburn

52
Q

Studied memory and became first female president of APA.

A

Calkins

53
Q

Functionalism; examined how behavior and thinking styles allowed early man to survive

A

William James

54
Q

Structuralism; the idea that introspection could be used to construct a map of the mind.

A

Titchner

55
Q

helped to make psychology more scientific through carefully measured observations and experiementation.

A

Wilhelm Wundt

PSY201 (1 decks)

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