Midterm Study Guide Terms Flashcards
Spanish conquistadores
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Reasons for English colonization
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Jamestown Experience
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1st Anglo-Powhatan War
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2nd Anglo-Powhatan War
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Mayflower Compact
Ch.3
Pilgrims signed it - democracy.
*1st form of self-government in New England
Fundamental Orders
AMSCO - p. 27
Fundamental Orders of CT - 1639
- Drawn up by Hartford settlers- 1st written Constitution in American history
- Established a representative government.
- Legislature: Popular vote.
- Governor: Chosen by legislature.
Dominion of New England
AMSCO - p. 33
1686 - King James II combined NY, NJ, and others into single unit- Dominion of New England. Increase royal control, do away w/ colonial representative assemblies.
- Sir Edmund Andros made governor
- -Taxes, restricted town meetings, revoked land titles
- 1688 Glorious Revolution: James II dethroned, William & Mary put in. Dominion fell too.
Headright System
AMSCO - p. 25
VA offered 50 acres of land to:
(a) Each immigrant who paid for his own passage
(b) Any plantation owner who paid for an immigrant’s passage
Bacon’s Rebellion
Ch. 4
AMSCO - p. 25
- 1676
- Nathaniel Bacon riled up frontier farmers and they rebelled against the government
- Showed class differences
- Showed resent against government
- Bacon died of dysentery and Governor Berkeley crushed the remnants of the rebellion
Salem Witchcraft Trials
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Molasses Act
Ch. 5
- 1733
- Tax on West Indies molasses
- Would’ve greatly harmed Triangle Trade
1st Great Awakening
Ch. 5
- 1730s-1740s
- “New” lights - emotion into religion
- New universities/colleges (Princeton) to train ministers
- John Edwards, George Whitefield
2nd Great Awakening
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French & Indian War
Ch. 6
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Proclamation of 1763
Ch. 6
Didn’t allow colonists to go west past Appalachian Mountains because king didn’t want to anger Indians. Completely pissed off colonists; they didn’t listen.
“Didn’t we just fight a war to win this land?!”
Mercantilism
AMSCO - p. 32
- Country’s military & political power + influence based on trade, colonies, & the accumulation of wealth (Au & Ag)
- Country regulate trade & production to enable it to become self-sufficient.
- Colonies only purpose: give raw materials to parent country
- Prompted Navigation Acts (1650-1673)
- -Goods carried only by colonial/English ships, worked by colonial/English crews
- -Goods except perishables could only pass thru English ports
- -Specified (“enumerated”) goods from colonies could only be exported to England. Tobacco originally, then expanded
Pre-Revolutionary War Acts
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1st Continental Congress
Ch. 7
- Met in Philadelphia from September to October of 1774.
- 12/13 colonies were present (Georgia absent).
- Congress did not desire independence, but did (a) draw up a list of grievances (which were ignored by London) and (b) wrote a Declaration of Rights.
- Plans were made to convene again in 1775 if the situation didn’t change.
2nd Continental Congress
Ch. 8
- Met in May 1775 in Philadelphia to address the worsening situation.
- No vote (yet) for independence.
- -Stay with the king (with some changes). *Pursued peace & prepared for war.
- Re-send a 2nd list of grievances to the king.
- Took measures to raise money for an army and navy.
- Appointed George Washington as general of the continental army.
- -Washington had never been promoted higher than a colonel, but he looked the part and would instill confidence and boost morale.
Olive Branch Petition
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Articles of Confederation
*No power to tax nor exercise authority
Shay’s Rebellion
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Constitutional Convention
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The 1st Presidential Cabinet
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John Marshall
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Macon’s Bill No. 2
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War of 1812
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Embargo Act
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Battle of New Orleans
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Tariff of 1816
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Monroe Doctrine
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Nullification Crisis
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Spoils System
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Cotton Gin
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Wage-Incentive System
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Uncle Tom’s Cabin
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Wilmot Proviso
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Treaty of Guadalupe-Hildago
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Harriet Tubman
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Compromise of 1850
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“Bleeding Kansas”
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Dred Scott
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John Brown
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The Confederacy
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Civil War Battles
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Emancipation Proclamation
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Black Codes
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Reconstruction Plans (all 3)
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13th Amendment
Freed blacks
14th Amendment
Gave blacks civil rights
15th Amendment
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16th Amendment
Graduated income tax
17th Amendment
Ch. 28
- 1913
* Direct election of U.S. Senators by the people
18th Amendment
Banned the manufacture, sale, and transportation of alcohol
Compromise of 1877
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Pendleton Act
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Credit Mobilier Scandal
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Interstate Commerce Commission
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Labor Unions
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Homestead Act
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Farmer’s Alliance
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Pullman Strike
Ch. 26
The Pullman Strike in Chicago, led by Eugene Debs, was more dramatic.
- Debs helped organize the workers of the Pullman Palace Car Company.
- The company was hit hard by the depression and cut wages by about 1/3.
- Workers went on strike, sometimes violently.
- U.S. Attorney General Richard Olney called in federal troops to break up the strike. His rationale: the strike was interfering with the transit of U.S. mail.
- Debs went to prison for 6 months and turned into the leading Socialist in America.
Dawes Act
Ch. 26
- 1887
* Overall goal was to erase tribes and set the Indians on the road to “becoming white
Hawaii
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The Maine
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Imperialists
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Anti-Imperialists
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Boxer Rebellion
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Panama Canal
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William Howard Taft
Ch. 28
- 1908 winner v. William Jennings Bryan
- Dollar Diplomacy
- -Americans invest in foreign countries to gain power
- Busted more trusts than TR
- Fired Pinchot
- Signed Payne-Aldrich Bill, which increased tariff & angered people
- -Split Republicans, old wanted high tariff, new/Progressive wanted low tariff
Settlement House
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New Freedom
Ch. 29
- Wilson
- Made up of liberal and progressive policies
- Supported small businesses; wanted to bust all trusts
New Nationalism
Ch. 29
*Roosevelt
*Keep good trusts, bust bad ones
*Female suffrage & other social programs
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