Midterm Study Guide Cards

Question 1

Developmental disabilities is the term used throughout Ontario to describe certain __________

Answer 1

conditions

Question 2

What is the personal meaning of developmental disabilities?

Answer 2

It relates to the individual’s profile of abilities (strengths and needs).

The term developmental disability is really used by others to describe someone

Question 3

What is the literal meaning of developmental disabilities?

Answer 3

Designated specific people or populations are given the label. It refers to the ‘semantic’ meaning of the term, the specific characteristics

Question 4

What is the social meaning of developmental disabilities?

Answer 4

Personal and literal meaning contribute to understanding in the large context, but social meaning refers to a broader social perception and meaning.

Meaning is affected by the society’s tolerance, acceptance, and understanding of functioning

Question 5

What is the critical disability meaning of developmental disabilities?

Answer 5

“Wrongly” focused upon limitations and shortcomings

Question 6

What is the American Association of Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities (AAIDD) definition?

Answer 6

Intellectual disability is characterized by signifigant limitations both in intellectual functioning and in adaptive behaviour as expressed in conceptual, social, and practical adaptive skills.

This disability originates before the age of 18

Question 7

Within the AAIDD definition, limitations in present functioning must be considered, within the context of _________, _________ typical of the individual’s _______, _______, and ________

Answer 7

community, environments; age, peers, cultures

Question 8

Valid assessment considers _________ and __________ diversity as well as differences in communication, sensory, motor, and behavioural factors

Answer 8

cultural; linguistic

Question 9

Within an individual, limitations often coexist with _________

Answer 9

strengths

Question 10

An important purpose of describing limitations is to develop a ________ ___ _______ supported

Answer 10

profile of needs

Question 11

With appropriate personalized supports over a sustained period, the life functioning of the person with the intellectual disability generally will _______

Answer 11

improve

Question 12

What are the 4 specifiers used in the DSM-5 intellectual disability diagnosis?

Answer 12

Mild, moderate, severe, and profound

Question 13

The specifier signifies that it is a ____________

Answer 13

DSM-5 Diagnosis

Question 14

What is the International Classification of Functioning, Disability, and Health (ICF)?

Answer 14

The ICF is a classification of health and health-related domains. As the functioning and disability of an individual occurs in a context, the ICF also includes a list of environmental factors

Question 15

Utilization of the ICF recognizes that an individual’s functioning is the result of a complex interaction between the ____________ and ______________ and the dynamic, bi-directional interaction among the components of the model

Answer 15

health condition; contextual factors

Question 16

What are the underlying factors of the ICF (Hint: there are 4)

Answer 16

Universality, parity, neutrality, and environmental factors

Question 17

Explain universality as an underlying factor of the ICF

Answer 17

A classification of functioning and disability should be applicable to all people irrespective of health condition. it should not become a tool for labeling persons with disabilities as a separate group.

Question 18

Explain parity as an underlying factor of the ICF

Answer 18

There should not be, explicitly or implicitly, a distinction between different health conditions as ‘mental’ and ‘physical’ that affect the structure of content of a classification of functioning and disability, that is, disability must not differentiated by etiology.

Question 19

Explain neutrality as an underlying factor of the ICF

Answer 19

Wherever possible, domain names should be worded in neutral language so that the classification can express both positive and negative aspects of each aspect of functioning and disability.

Question 20

Explain environmental factors as an underlying factor of the ICF

Answer 20

In order to complete the social model of disability, ICF includes Contextual Factors, in which environmental factors are listed. These factors range from physical factors such as climate and terrain, to social attitudes, institutions, and laws.

Question 21

As a component of the ICF, what are body functions?

Answer 21

Physiological functions of body systems (including psychological functions)

Question 22

As a component of the ICF, what are body structures?

Answer 22

Anatomical parts of the body such as organs, limbs, and their components

Question 23

As a component of the ICF, what are impairments?

Answer 23

Problems in body function or structure such as a significant deviation or loss

Question 24

As a component of the ICF, what is activity?

Answer 24

The execution of a task or action by an individual

Question 25

As a component of the ICF, what is participation?

Answer 25

Involvement in a life situation

Question 26

As a component of the ICF, what are activity limitations?

Answer 26

Difficulties an individual may have in executing activities

Question 27

As a component of the ICF, what are participation restrictions

Answer 27

Problems an individual may experience in involvement in life situations

Question 28

As a component of the ICF, what are environmental factors?

Answer 28

The physical, social, and attitudinal environment in which people live and conduct their lives

Question 29

What is the ICF for children and youth (ICF-CY)?

Answer 29

A WHO approved “derived” classification based on the ICF.

As a derived classification, it includes further detailed information on the application of the ICF when documenting the relevant aspects of functioning and health in children and youth

Question 30

What are cons to disability terms?

Answer 30

May lead to isolating and segregating individuals from others, denying personal freedoms, human rights, and preventing procreations, and stereotypes

Question 31

What are pros to disability terms?

Answer 31

They help to assist and identify people with special needs, can protect the rights and needs of these groups, and are the common basis for understanding.

As well, classification helps to broaden understanding, advocacy and self-advocacy, and focuses attention and identifies specific sets of issues