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HERBS 1 MIDTERM TONY > midterm study guide > Flashcards

midterm study guide Flashcards

0
Q

in the shen nong ben cao (神农本草) , what three groups are the herbs divided into?

A

superior
intermediate
inferior

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1
Q

what two theoretical principles arise from huang di nei jing (黄帝内经）？

A

yin / yang

5 phases

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2
Q

what is the primary disease factor in the shang han za ben lun?

A

COLD

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3
Q

in the wen bing xue, what is the primary disease factor?

A

HEAT

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4
Q

in the wen bing xue, what are the four levels of disease?

A

wei
qi
ying
xue

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5
Q

who wrote the shang han lun?

A

Zhang Zhongjing

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6
Q

what are the 5 tastes 五味 plus more than just 5 ….

A 
acrid
sweet
bitter
sour
salty
bland
aromatic
astringent
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7
Q

acrid (xin) 辛 … what does it do?

A

disperse and move

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8
Q

sweet (gan) (甘） … what does it do?

A

tonify and harmonize

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9
Q

bitter (ku) (苦）…what does it do?

A

drain and dry

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10
Q

sour (suan) (酸）… what does it do?

A

astringent and prevents abnormal leakage of fluid and energy

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11
Q

salty (xian) (鹹) … what does it do?

A

purge and soften

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12
Q

bland (dan) (淡) …what does it do?

A

leach out dampness

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13
Q

aromatic (xiang) (香）

A

ability to penetrate through turbidity and revive a particular function

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14
Q

astringent (se) 涩

A

has the ability to prevent the leakage of fluids

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15
Q

is neutral taste or temperature?

A

temperature

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16
Q

is bland taste or temperature?

A

taste

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17
Q

acrid

A

xin (辛）

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18
Q

sweet

A

gan (甘）

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19
Q

bitter

A

ku (苦）

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20
Q

sour

A

suan 酸

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21
Q

salty

A

xian 咸

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22
Q

bland

A

dan （淡）

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23
Q

aromatic

A

xiang 香

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24
Q

astringent

A

se 涩

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25
Q

what is the flavor combination to increase yang?

A

sweet and acrid

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26
Q

what is the flavor combination to increase yin?

A

sweet and sour

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27
Q

sourness enters the?

A

liver

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28
Q

acridity enters the?

A

lungs

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29
Q

bitterness enters the?

A

heart

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30
Q

saltiness enters the?

A

kidneys

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31
Q

sweetness enters the?

A

spleen

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32
Q

what are the 8 parameters (八纲）

A

八纲
bāgāng

yin and yang (陰陽),
exterior and interior (表裡),
cold and heat (寒熱),
deficiency and excess (虛實)

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33
Q

what are the tai yang channels?

A

hand tai yang: SI

foot tai yang: UB

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34
Q

what are the shao yang channels?

A

hand shao yang: SJ

foot shao yang: GB

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35
Q

what are the yang ming channels?

A

hand yang ming: LI

foot yang ming: ST

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36
Q

what are the tai yin channels?

A

hand tai yin: LU

foot tai yin: SP

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37
Q

what are the shao yin channels?

A

hand shao yin: HT

foot shao yin: KD

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38
Q

what are the jue yin channels?

A

hand jue yin: PC

foot jue yin: LV

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39
Q

what are the six yang channels?

A

SI, UB, SJ, GB, LI, ST

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40
Q

what are the six yin channels?

A

LU, SP, HT, KD, PC, LV

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41
Q

what are the three yin channels in the hand?

A

LU, HT, PC

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42
Q

what are the three yin channels in the foot?

A

SP, KD, LV

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43
Q

what are the three yang channels in the hand?

A

SI, SJ, LI

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44
Q

what are the three yang channels in the foot?

A

UB, GB, ST

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45
Q

what are the four levels of composition of formulas?

A

chief
deputy
assistant
envoy

46
Q

deep frying herbs … what is it used for and why is salt sometimes used? why char?

A

char to stop bleeding
add salt to direct downward to kidneys
browning dries the herbs for storing and helps with SP and ST

47
Q

dry frying with liquids …. what’s that all about

honey, vinegar, wine, ginger juice

A

honey: increased tonifying ability
vinegar: astringent and detox
wine: clear blockages, expel wind, alleviate pain
ginger juice: nice on the stomach, maybe stops vomiting

48
Q

calcining herbs … what’s that all about?

A

cook directly in flame! used for minerals and shells, in order to make them brittle and easy to pulverize

49
Q

order from strongest to weakest …. pills, granules, decoction

A

decoction STRONGEST
granules in the middle
pills WEAKEST

50
Q

when do we cook for longer or shorter periods of time?

A

minerals and toxic herbs cook longer …. light herbs and herbs with volatile oils cook for a shorter amount of time

51
Q

what types of herbs are decocted first?

A

toxic herbs, minerals and shells

52
Q

what types of herbs are decocted last?

A

aromatic herbs, dahuang to have a strong purgative effect

53
Q

what herbs need to be bagged in gauze?

A

cilia , seeds , powder

54
Q

what type of substances are decocted separately ?

A

rare and expensive substances, like ginseng and cocaine

55
Q

what type of substances are dissolved in a strained decoction?

A

expensive , aromatic herbs and precious horns .. these are powdered or shaved, taken first, and then you drink the decoction … this is especially true with unicorn horns and dragon bones, as well as pegasus wing bones

56
Q

what is the difference between pharmokinetic interaction and pharmodynamic reaction?

A

pharmokinetic interaction can change absorption, distribution, metabolism, elimination …

pharmodynamic reaction alters the way a drug/herb effects the tissue/organ/body

57
Q

herbs that release the exterior are broken down into what 2 categories?

A

wind cold and wind heat

58
Q

what are the most common EPF treated with release the exterior herbs?

A

wind
cold
heat
summerheat

59
Q

tai yang is the least superficial of the six channels (T/F)

A

false!

60
Q

lung is the most superficial zang organ (T/F)

A

true

61
Q

what is the most superficial channel and the most superficial zang organ?

A

tai yang

lung

62
Q

tai yang excess and wind cold excess are the same (T/F)

A

true

63
Q

tai yang deficiency and wind cold deficiency are the same (T/F)

A

true

64
Q

wind cold excess … sweating or no sweating?

A

no sweating .. thats the big fight

65
Q

wind cold deficiency … sweating or no sweat?

A

sweating … theres no fight, and the gates are open …

66
Q

wind cold excess and wind cold deficiency …which one is present when the patient is weak?

A

wind cold deficiency

67
Q

wind cold excess .. what is the pulse and tongue and sweat situation?

A 
floating and tight pulse
normal tongue body, thin and white coat
no sweat (pores are closed)
68
Q

in a wind invasion, the pulse should be floating (T/F)

A

true!

69
Q

what are some signs and symptoms of wind cold excess?

A

headache

general ache and body pain

70
Q

a wind cold excess will usually cause intense thirst (T/F)

A

false … usually there is no thirst

71
Q

what types of herbs are used for wind cold excess?

A

strong herbs that open the pores and release the exterior

72
Q

in a wind cold deficiency, what is deficient?

A

the patient, qi, wei qi, any of these answers are ok

73
Q

in a wind cold deficiency, the patient will have an aversion to what?

A

wind and cold

74
Q

in a wind cold excess, the patient will have an aversion to what?

A

cold

75
Q

wind cold deficiency pulse?

A

floating and moderate/mediocre

76
Q

wind cold deficiency has less or more fever than wind cold excess?

A

less…there’s less of a fight

77
Q

what is yang shui / yang edema?

A

edema that manifests in the face

78
Q

in yin qiao san, who is the chief and who is the deputy?

A

jinyinhua and lianqiao are both chiefs

deputy is bohe plus others …

79
Q

in da cheng qi tang, who is the chief and who is the deputy?

A

da huang is chief
mang xiao
zhi shi
hou po

80
Q

what is the category for mahuang (ephedrae herba) and guizhi (cinnamomi ramulus)?

A

WARE

warm acrid - release the exterior

81
Q

lian qiao and jin yin hua belong to which category?

A

clear heat - resolve toxicity

82
Q

sheng di huang and shui niu jiao belong to which category?

A

clear heat - cool blood

83
Q

xigua, zhimu, and shigao belong to which category?

A

clear heat - drain fire

84
Q

huo ma ren (cannabis semen) belongs to which category?

A

downward draining - moist laxative

85
Q

bohe and chaihu belong to which category?

A

CARE

cool acrid - release the exterior

86
Q

mahuang and guizhi belong to which category?

A

WARE

warm acrid - release the exterior

87
Q

the three yellows (huang bai, huang qin, and huang lian) belong to which category?

A

clear heat - dry dampness

88
Q

gan sui belongs to which category?

A

downward draining - harsh expellant

89
Q

qing hao belongs to which category?

A

clear heat from deficiency

90
Q

da huang belongs to which category?

A

downward draining - purgative

91
Q

what are some characteristics of wind heat?

A

excess, more sweat, more thirst, wei level, headache, body ache, red eye

92
Q

wind heat! tell me about the pulse and tongue

A

floating and rapid pulse

thin yellow tongue coat

93
Q

wind heat can be treated with acrid cool herbs, like bohe and chaihu .. what channels do many of these herbs enter?

A

lung and liver

94
Q

tai yang syndrome has chills/fever at the same time (T/F)

A

true

95
Q

shao yang syndrome has alternating chills / fever (T/F)

A

true

96
Q

yang ming syndrome is the 4 bigs (T/F)

A

true

97
Q

herbs that clear heat and drain fire deal with heat in which channel stage / level?

A

YANGMING / QI

98
Q

fever without chills is a sign of excess heat (T/F)

A

true

99
Q

full, pounding, rapid pulse is a sign of excess heat (T/F)

A

true

100
Q

tongue: red body with yellow coat is a sign of excess heat (T/F)

A

true

101
Q

what is the pulse and tongue for excess heat?

A

pulse: full, pounding, rapid
tongue: red body with yellow coat

102
Q

what is the 3 more, 1 less rule for xiao ke?

A

drink more, eat more, urinate more

but lose weight

103
Q

herbs that clear heat and cool the blood deal with heat in which channel stage?

A

shao yin (HT, KD)

104
Q

herbs that clear heat and cool the blood deal with heat in which two of the four levels?

A

ying and xue (remember, these two levels are very very close)

105
Q

what is meant by reckless movement of blood?

A

bleeding, nosebleeds, vomiting blood

106
Q

ying or xue level heat is better at night (T/F)

A

false. fever is worse at night. this is related to yin deficiency.

107
Q

what are some damp heat signs and symptoms?

A

jaundice, dysentery, urinary difficulty, damp heat skin disorders (eczema)

108
Q

herbs that treat damp heat tend to be what taste and temperature?

A

bitter and cold

109
Q

what kind of situations were considered toxic in ancient china?

A

think pus and measles and other things oozing …

110
Q

what are some signs / symptoms of deficiency heat?

A 
5 center heat
night sweats
fever worse at night
malar flush
steaming bone disorder
111
Q

what are the two parts of treatment principle for clearing deficiency heat?

A
  1. nourish liver and kidney yin

2. clear deficiency heat

112
Q

what are the three categories of downward draining herbs?

A

purgative
moist laxative
harsh expellant

113
Q

downward draining herbs contraindications are?

A

pregnancy
prolapse
menses

HERBS 1 MIDTERM TONY (4 decks)

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