Midterm Study

Question 1

What does PHP stand for?

Answer 1

Php hypertext protocol

Question 2

Is php statically or dynamically typed?

Answer 2

Php is dynamically types because any variable can contain any value

Question 3

Is php strongly or weakly typed,

Answer 3

Php is weakly typed because a value of any type can be used in expressions. Eg. 78 > “PHP” does not cause an error, first it tries to convert the string into a number, of it can’t then the string gets a value of 0 and then it is compared.

Question 4

What type of language is PHP?

Answer 4

Php is an imperative server side scripting language. This means that the code runs on the server not on the client, the scripts are run and the results are sent to the client. Being imperative means php does not need a main class to function, it can stand alone and gets executed sequentially.

Question 5

What does imperative mean?

Answer 5

Imperative means that the language does not need a main method to run, it can stand alone, be embedded and gets executed in a sequential order

Question 6

Can you see PHP in the browsers inspection tool?

Answer 6

No PhP is server side and is not accessible by the client.

Question 7

When do you need to add .php to the end of your file?

Answer 7

When there is any php whatsoever in the file.

Question 8

What is the difference between single and double quotes in php?

Answer 8

Single quotes are literal strings where double quotes are executed, if you have a variable in doh or quotes it will call the variable, single quotes will not

Question 9

How do you create a function in PHP?

Answer 9

Function functionName ($a, $b) { code; }

Question 10

Is PHP interpreted or compiled?

Answer 10

Interpreted in real time in the browser

Question 11

What is the symbol used for concatenation in PHP?

Answer 11

. Not +

Question 12

Reserved words, functions, and class names are; case sensitive or case insensitive?

Answer 12

Case insensitive, but variable names are case sensitive

Question 13

What is an associative array in PHP?

Answer 13

Like a dictionary in python, it is an array of key and value pairs.

Question 14

What are the two syntactically correct ways to create associative arrays?

Answer 14

$user = [];
$user[“studentid”] = “9265743”;
$user[“age”] = 22;

OR

$user = [“studentid”=>”9036538”, “age”=>”22”];

Question 15

What are the 3 syntactically correct ways to echo associative arrays?

Answer 15

echo “Your Userid: {$user[“studentid”]}”;

echo “Your Userid: $user[studentid]”;

echo “Your Userid: {$user[$a.$b]}”;

Question 16

How would you loop through an associative array?

Answer 16

foreach ($user as $key => $value) {
echo “$key$value”;
}

Question 17

What are the two symbols used most often in the get parameter?

Answer 17

? for the start of the list, and the and symbol separating items if there are more than one.

Question 18

How does a form look like when using get or post methods?

Answer 18

First Name: <br></br>

Last Name: <br></br>

Question 19

How do you use the get method to get the input from the form?

Answer 19

echo “<p>Hello, Mr. {$_GET[“lastName”]}. May I call you {$_GET[“firstName”]}?</p>”;

Making sure that the items in the get methods are the names from the input items on the form.

Question 20

What is the difference between the get and post methods?

Answer 20

If you use method=”POST”, you will not see the parameters in the browser because they are sent in the body of the HTTP Request message rather than in the header as part of the URL.
POST is better than GET for sensitive information like passwords or credit card numbers. But POST is not really secure!

Question 21

What does the count function do?

Answer 21

The count function can be used to tell you how many items are stored in an associative array. So if count($_GET)is 0, then you didn’t receive any GET parameter

Question 22

What does the isset function do?

Answer 22

The isset function can be used to test if variable names or array indices have been given values. For example if isset($_POST[‘userid’])returns false, then you didn’t receive a post parameter named ‘userid’

Question 23

What does the strlen function do?

Answer 23

The strlen function can be used to find out whether a string is empty or not (i.e. if it returns 0, the string is empty)

Question 24

What does the is_numeric function do?

Answer 24

The is_numeric function can be used to test if a parameter can be interpreted as a number

Question 25

How does the empty function work?

Answer 25

This function returns true if an array or string is empty. So if empty($_GET) is true, you received no GET parameters and if empty($_GET[‘userid’]) is true you got an empty string for the userid parameter.

Question 26

How do you redirect a form back to itself?

Answer 26

A page can redirect back to itself by using the following code for the action attribute of the element:
action=”= $_SERVER[‘PHP_SELF’]?>”

Question 27

How would you print the name column from every row retrieved?

Answer 27

$names = [];
while ($row = $stmt->fetch())
{ array_push($names, $row['name']); }
echo "";
for ($i = 0; $i < count($names); $i++) {
echo "$names[$i];
} echo "";