Midterm study Flashcards
According to Brazilian Anthropologist Roberto da Matta, what are the main characteristics of Brazilian culture?
‘different but united’
What does Da Matta mean by the phrase “Do you know who you are talking to”?
hierarchical ranks, authoritarian figures
–>Hiding notion that everyone knows their place
–>Division of society that sets Brazilians apart from malandro (rogue)
Why does he consider Carnival to be an ideal phenomenon to understand Brazilian culture and society?
What images do you think of to describe Brazilian culture and society?
What does it mean to be Brazilian?
Is Brazil an earthly paradise, or a land of contradictions, or a
country of the future?
What is Brazil’s current population size?
215 mil
What is Brazil’s current GDP?
10,000
What is the capital of Brazil?
Brasilía
What is the official language of Brazil?
Portuguese
Who colonized different parts of Brazil in the 16th and 17th centuries
Portugal, France,Holland
Who was the president of Brazil from 2003-2010?
Lula da Silva
What Brazilian music genre was celebrated by jazz musicians in the U.S. during the ’50s and ’60s?
Bossa nova
What religions are practiced in Brazil?
Protestantism, Catholicism, Judaism, Camdomblé,Umbanda
How does João Roberto Martins Filho guide us to understand what it means to be Brazilian?
According to Anthony W. Pereira, how does the opening ceremony of the 2016 Olympic Games, held in Rio de Janeiro, illustrate main aspects of Brazilian culture and challenges facing the country?
abolitionism
Rio Branco Law of the Free Womb
Saraiva-Cotegipe Law (slaves at 60)
Lei Áurea
quilombo communities
According to Ilka Boaventura Leite, what are the meanings of “quilombos” today?
Trans-historical – memories of African-descendants of colonial exploitation and the African diasporas
Juridical-formal – right to a territory based on ethnic identity and culture, related to affirmative action policies
Post-utopian – deconstruction of color and race, quilombola territory and identity as a human right
How should the “quilombola” communities be conceptualized?
Does the historical process of slavery matter? Does ‘race’ matter?
What are the factors that count for identifying quilombola
communities?
What are the tensions and conflicts facing the quilombola communities?
The republic in Brazil
miscegenation
The Vargas era (1930-1945, 1951-1954)
Modern Art Week (1922)
What is the “racial democracy” thesis? Is it a myth or a reality?
idea that Brazil is in a racial utopia where society is multiracial and can coexist together. Freyre’s concept of racial democracy argues that Brazil has a multiracial society
How does Gilberto Freyre characterize Brazilian culture and society? What is his main argument
about race and race relations in Brazil?
Focuses on sociability and horizontal social
relations
Positive view on miscegenation in Northeast
Brazil
Luso-Tropical Civilization
What is the “Whitening ideal” How does it challenge the “racial democracy” thesis?
the “whitening ideal” is a desire to be white. It emphasizes that “Brazilians generally regarded whiter as better”, which led to the ingrained concept of “whitening” (Skidmore 1994: 94). It challenges the “racial democracy” thesis
What does Thomas Skidmore mean by the “whitening ideal”?
According to Skidmore, this whitening ideal thesis is based on two assumptions: 1) that the Black population was decreasing, 2) that miscegenation was naturally producing a lighter population
How does Skidmore’s approach to race relations challenge Freyre’s argument on race in Brazil?
What does Sérgio Buarque de Hollanda mean by “cordiality” as a main characteristic of Brazilian culture?
strategy for resolving conflicts through private means.
What is the difference between ”cordiality” and ”friendliness”?
cordiality is being civil and having common courtesy/neutrality; friendliness is more intimate and warm
Does Hollanda consider that race matters for the construction of the national culture?
No, Hollanda considers that social class matters for national culture ocnstruction
How does Hollanda’s description of the national character of “cordiality” compare with Da Matta’s analysis of “Do You Know Who You Are Talking To”?
the role of music & resistance
Protest music
Tropicália
aggressive approach to cultural production that attempts to resist political & cultural hegemonies of the right and left
–>Emphasis on individual responses
MPB
Black Soul
