Midterm study Flashcards
Federalists
Belived in a strong central government
Lose interpretation of consitution
Federal gov stronger than state gov
Democratic- republicans
belived in a gov led by the common people
Strict interpretation of consitution
State gov stronger than federal gov
Alexander Hamilton
secretary of treasury (manage finances)
Federalist
Wanted a national bank to be led by the elites
Thomas Jefferson
Secretary of State (deals with forgien affairs)
Missouri Comprmise
Proposed by Henry clay to maintain he balance of free v/s slave state in congress
Dividing line 36 30- anything bellow slavery was legal, anything above slavery was illegal
Compromise of 1850
Proposed by clay/ admitted California as a free state and made the fugitive slave laws stricter in order to maintain the balance of free v/s slave state in congressF
Fugitive slave act
Fugitives were not allowed a jury trial or even to testify on their behalf and were to be returned to their slave owners
personal liberty laws
ensures that fugitives have a jury trial and forbade the imprisonment of fugitives
XYZ affair
America sent officials to negotiate with a French forgien minister but instead got sent 3 low level officials who asked for bribe money
alien and sedations act
alien: raised residency from 5 to 14 years
Sedation: set jail terms and fines for anyone who spread scandalous info about gov
Angered many republicans/ belived that it violated their 1st amendment right
Kansas Nebraska act
Proposed by Stephen Douglas/ wanted to admit Kansas and Nebraska as states and use popular sovereignty/ assumed that Nebraska would be a free state and residents in Kansas would vote on the slavery issue
Popular sovereignty
the residents of an area can vote for or against slavery
Bleeding kansas
Pro slavery and anti slavery groups fought to be the majority to vote of the slavery issue/ Kansas became a violent battle field
Gag rule
made by southerners to silence abolitionists petitions to end slavery
Wilmot proviso
stated that slavery cannot exist in land gained after the Mexican-American war
Underground Railroad
a net work or white abolitionists and free blacks who risked their lives in helping slaves runaway
Harriet Beecher Stowe
White abolitionist that published uncle tom’s cabin to expose the truth about slavery
Uncle tom’s cabin
A novel written to expose slavery
Story was based on Eliza and her husband George escaping to Canada and Uncle Tom staying behind and getting whipped to death by his slave over
North: increased protests
South: criticized it and framed Stowe as a liar
Marbury v. Madison
William Marbury (Judge) never received his official paper/ James Madison job as Secretary of State to deliver the papers
Judicial review
The power of the judicial branch to interpret wether laws are constitutional or not
The Great compromise
Set up the 3 branches in government
Checks and balances
The power of each branch to check the power of other branches
American system
Wanted a national bank with a national currency
Improved transportation system (cannals, railroads)
Henry clay
Proposed the Missouri compromise and the compromise of 1850 to maintain the slave vs free state balance in congress
- belived in American system
- house speaker
Industrial Revolution
Making things by hand to making things by machines
Mass production
Producing products in large quantities
Factory system
Powered machines and laborers assigned to tasks to produce products
Interchangeable parts
Created by Eli Whitney and allowed unskilled workers to assemble a musket at random
Cotton gin
Created by Eli Whitney and allowed farmers to grow short staple cotton for profit
3/5 compromise
3 out of 5 slaves were counted towards the population and determined how much a state would pay in taxes and the # of legislative representatives
National Road
A set of high ways connecting regions by land