Midterm Study Flashcards
Where in Germany were people digging where they came across a human bone?
Heidelberg
What did people find while digging in Heidelberg?
A human bone
What kind of bone was discovered in Heidelberg?
A lower jaw
Where was a human skull found in Germany?
In Neander Valley
What qualities defined the bone that people found in Heidelberg?
Massive, strong, powerful, teeth
What was found in Neander Valley?
A human skull
What qualities defined the skull In Neander Valley?
No forehead with two thick ridges above the eyebrows instead
How are we perhaps different from the neanderthal people?
They might not have been good at thinking but were better at biting than us
What did scientists find about wood and plants and Volcanic rocks?
They change slowly but regularly over a very long period of time
How long did the search for bones last?
More than a hundred and fifty years ago
Why is it called prehistory?
Because It came before history
How did prehistoric people get away from the freezing cold?
The prehistoric people came across a cave for shelter
Do you know what the prehistoric people invented?
They invented talking
The prehistoric people invented something else?
They also invented pictures
Why did the prehistoric people paint animals on their walls?
Because the caves were dark
How long did the Ice age last?
For tens and thousands of years
Did the ice retreat when the earth grew warmer?
Yes
Did the earth grow warmer?
Yes
What wild animals were in the forest?
Wolves and bears
What were the prehistoric people masters at?
Shaping and polishing
In Asia and Africa what was found there?
Bones
How long ago did Neanderthal people appear?
seventy thousand years earlier
What was as old as the Heidelberg jaw?
Bones
When did the people find a better way to make tools?
4000 BCE
What was melted into the fire called?
Copper
What did the people use for protection?
Helmets and Shields
Which three ages were there?
- Stone Age
- Ice Age
- Bronze Age
What did they use to fight?
Bows and arrows
People didn’t know how to build what?
.Houses
How did they make fire?
By rubbing two sticks together
Where does the setting take place?
In Egypt
5100 years ago there was a king what was his name?
Menes
What flies south to Italy?
Swallows
Who worshiped the Nile like it was God?
Egyptians
What was a king of Egypt called?
Pharaohs
Which king lived in 2500 BC?
King Cheops
Who believed in many gods?
Egyptians
What was a single block of granite called?
Obelisks
Where can you see an Obelisk?
London by the Thames
What kind of animal was sacred ?
Sphinx
What kind of whip did the kings have?
Hippopotamus skin whip
How long have Sphinx been guarding the tombs of pharaohs?
For more than five thousand years
What did they rub on dead people?
Ointments and the juices of certain plants
A dead body preserved today is called a what?
Mummy
What was a coffin made out of?
Wood
Why did they use long strips of cloth?
So it wouldn’t decay
A blank what intended to be a dwelling?
Tomb
In the hymn what did they talk about?
Barley, wheat and cattle
Who was immensely powerful?
Pharaohs
Twice a year blank filled it’s sources?
Heavy rain
When the waters blank?
Withdrew
What was the name of the sun god, and the god of the dead?
Sun God- Amon
The God of the dead- Anubis
What was King Cheops Tomb made out of?
A whole stone mountain
A tomb was intended to be a blank for the soul?
Dwelling for the soul when it returned to visit its body
Which Egyptian God had the head of a jackal?
Anubis
What was represented in animal form?
Gods
Would you like to hear a hymn they sang to their river happened how long ago?
Four thousand years ago
What is a cathedral?
A large church
Who summoned all his subjects to help construct his tomb?
King Cheops
But the mummies of other kings and those of many ancient Egyptians have been blank in their tombs?
Undisturbed
They had no machines in those days what did they have instead ?
Only rollers and pulleys
For thirty years, some hundred thousand toiled for the blank?
Pharaoh
They had to blank and blank every single block by hand
Pull and Shove
How many days are there in the week ?
Seven
What were the names of the two rivers?
Tigris and Euphrates
Mesopotamia is Greek for what?
The land between the rivers
Great cities laid out with long what?
Straight streets, tall houses, palaces and temples
What was the greatest city on earth?
Babylon
What was the second greatest city called?
Nineveh
Blank was the capital for Babylonians?
Babylon
Who was in charge of the Assyrians?
Nineveh
Many blank and many blank held power at different times?
Tribes and Kings
Who were the three most important groups/tribes?
Sumerians, Babylonians and Assyrians
In Egyptian culture they had blank?
Towns, Noblemen, Temples, and
Priests , Administrators ,Artists,
Kings, Tradesmen ,writing and technical skills
Sumerians were ahead of the what?
Egyptians
People learned how to shape blank from blank?
Bricks from Clay
People learned how to build houses and temples by?
3100 BC
Where can you find the largest mounds?
The city of Ur
A region in the Middle East is know called what?
Iraq
The Tigris and Euphrates join together and flow out to where?
Persian Gulf
Mesopotamia is not in Africa but where?
Asia
If you dig through bricks and rubble, you meet blank?
Stout and high walls
Cuneiform means what?
Wedge Shaped
Books made of papyrus were unknown to?
Mesopotamia
Inscriptions were not found in?
Hieroglyphs
The oldest book law- book was known as the?
Code of Hammurabi
King Hammurabi lived around 1700 BC how long ago was that?
That was 3700 years ago
The Babylonians and the Assyrians were blank and blank?
Disciplined and Hardworking
But they didn’t paint blank like the Egyptians?
Cheerful Pictures
Where can you find treasures?
At the British Museum, The University of Pennsylvania
Where else can you find treasures?
At the museum of Baghdad In Iraq
What did people do to tablets of soft clay?
They put them in the oven
Who battled Monsters and Dragons?
Gilgamesh
Kings had temples built for all eternity and what else?
And all the nations they have conquered
Merchants recorded their business dealing, contracts, receipts and what else?
And the inventories of goods
What did kings have?
Long black ringlets
Somethings the tribes were shown making sacrifices to who?
Baal the sun good or the moon goddess Ishtar or Astarte
Who worshiped the sun and the moon and the stars?
Babylonians and The Assyrians
What was reappearing every night?
The vault of Heaven
Mars meant wars and what did Venus mean?
Love
These half ruined blank can still be seen today?
Ziggurats
What was dedicated a day?
Each of the five plants
The earliest kings lived as long ago as?
3000 BC
Ziggurats were poking out of what?
Rubble mounds
Who was the last Babylonian King?
Nebuchadnezzar
Nebuchadnezzar lived around Blank BC?
600 BC
Nebuchadnezzar was remembered for his blank?
Feats of war
He fought against Egypt to bring home what to Babylon?
Foreign Captives
Nebuchadnezzar used the foreign captives as what?
Slaves
Those fierce kings had what?
Long, Black beards
The land today is a what?
Desert wasteland and marshy plain
Foreign tribes did what?
captured people
Weekdays started how long ago?
Thousand of years ago
Between Egypt and Mesopotamia what is there?
Land of deep valleys and Rich pastures
Thousands of years herdsman tended?
Their flocks
They also planted blank?
Vines and Cereals
Why did the Babylonians invade ?
So that the people would move place to place constantly
But it wasn’t strong to resist the Mighty?
Armies of the neighbors
But the people built towns and what else?
Fortresses
The thousands of small tribes did what?
They made history
The people had something special and that was?
Their Religion
All the people prayed to who?
Isis, Osiris, Baal, and Astarte
They had campfires in the evening and did what?
Sing songs
But these Herdsmen prayed to one what?
God, and their own special protector and leader
The songs were about what?
Their leader’s battles and deeds
The strange and powerless herdsmen were who?
Jews
The story of Abraham is in what?
Book of genesis in chapter eleven
Their god talked about deeds?
And the Old Testament of the Bible
Where did Abraham come from?
Ur in the Chaldees
What did they find in the Persian Gulf?
Harps, Game boards, Weapons, and Jewelry
Abraham lived around the same time as who?
Hammurabi
When did Hammurabi lived around?
1700 BC
Many of Hammurabi’s laws showed up where?
In the Bible
What is the story of the Tower of Babel?
People tried to built a tower that would reach up to heaven
Who stopped the people from making the tower go higher?
God
The Babylonians really did build Gigantic towers?
That reached the heavens
The story of Noah and the flood took place where?
Mesopotamia
Tablets were dug up with what in them?
Cuneiform
One of Abraham of Ur descendants was who?
Was Joseph son of Jacob
Joseph become a what?
Counselor and minister to the pharaoh
Where did Joseph family settle?
In Egypt
In 1250 BC children of Israel who got them out of Egypt?
Moses
Jerusalem first king was who?
Saul
He fought against the neighboring tribe the blank?
Philistines
What happened to Saul on the battlefield?
He died
The Bible had a lot of great kings such as who?
King David and King Solomon
Who was a wise king?
King Solomon
Solomon had architects not Jews but what?
But foreign Artisans
Solomon’s reign didn’t go well the kingdom split in 2 what kingdom’s?
Kingdom of Israel and the Kingdom of Judah
Which kingdom got conquered and destroyed?
Israel
Who invaded Israel the kingdom by the blank in when?
Assyrians in 722 BC
Their sermon was always the same what does that mean?
You yourselves are the cause of your misfortunes God is punishing you through your sins
Who was the mighty Babylonian king warrior and ruler?
King Nebuchadnezzar
Who had a war with the Egyptians?
King Nebuchadnezzar
Where did Nebuchadnezzar marched through where?
The Promised land
Nebuchadnezzar destroyed the city of what?
Jerusalem
When was Jerusalem attacked and destroyed?
586 BC
The Babylonian empire was destroyed by who?
Persian Neighbor In 538 BC
When the Jews returned to their homeland they had what?
Changed
Who was different from the surrounding tribes?
The Jews
How long ago was the Old Testament written
2500 years ago
The Jews had to distance themselves from who?
Other Tribes
The people called themselves what?
Chosen
