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Honors English II > Midterm Skills/Definition Studying > Flashcards

Midterm Skills/Definition Studying Flashcards

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Proverbs and Idioms flashcards
1
Q

Introduces character, setting

A

Exposition

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2
Q

Introduces conflict

A

Complicating Incident

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3
Q

Character attempts to engage in conflict, fails, increases tension

A

Rising Action

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4
Q

Turning point, point of greatest tension

A

Climax

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5
Q

Events, actions occurring as result of the climax

A

Falling Action

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6
Q

How conflict is resolved

A

Conclusion, Resolution, Denouement

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7
Q

A single word

A topic that is explored in a work of literature

A

Theme Kernel

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8
Q

A complete sentence

Universal truth or observation about life/human behavior

The author’s intended message in the story

A

Theme Statement

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9
Q

Ex. Abundance, Fear, Purity, Success

A

Theme Kernel

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10
Q

Ex. Long term unresolved conflict between families leads to disaster.

A

Theme Statement

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11
Q

Created by other literary elements such as character, symbol, motif, and setting?

A

Theme (Statement)

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12
Q

Story is told by one of the characters in his or her own words by using “I.”

A

1st Person

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13
Q

Reader is told thoughts, feelings, and motivations of one character (normally protagonist)

A

3rd Person Limited

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14
Q

Reader is told thoughts, feelings, and motivations of most characters

A

3rd Person Omniscient

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15
Q

Main character in the story

A

Protagonist

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16
Q

Force, group, or character that opposes and challenges the protagonist

A

Antagonist

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17
Q

A character with limited information about their thoughts, motivations, actions

A

Flat/Simple

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18
Q

A well-developed character with information about their thoughts, motivations, actions

A

Round/Complex

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19
Q

A character who does not undergo growth, maturity change or development

A

Static

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20
Q

A character who undergoes growth, maturity change or development

A

Dynamic

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21
Q

Someone who serves to contrast or challenge another character

A

Foil

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22
Q

Conflict within a person- battle of their conscience (mind)

Person vs Self

A

Internal Conflict

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23
Q

Conflict occurs outside the character

Person vs Person/group
Person vs Nature
Person vs Society
Person vs Supernatural
Person vs Fate/Destiny
Person vs Technology

A

External Conflict

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24
Q

Giving human traits to nonhuman objects

A

Personification

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25
Q

Reference to something political, historical, literary, religious, pop culture, etc

A

Allusion

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26
Q

Comparison using like or as

A

Simile

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27
Q

Comparison which sets two things equal (without like or as)

A

Metaphor

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28
Q

Extreme exaggeration

A

Hyperbole

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29
Q

Vivid description using the five senses

A

Imagery

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30
Q

Repeated image, concept, category, item, or pattern

A

Motif

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31
Q

A specific, physical, object representing something else (typically an abstract concept)

A

Symbol

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32
Q

When words start with the same letter or sound (usually in a pattern)

A

Alliteration

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33
Q

Putting two contrasting elements or ideas next to each other for comparison

A

Juxtaposition

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34
Q

Single repeated objects that are not characters unless the story is a lesson?

A

Symbol

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35
Q

Observation about mode of development or organizational structure; title; pivotal moments

A

Arrangement

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36
Q

Hinting at future events to come

A

Foreshadowing

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37
Q

Referring to past events during the current story

A

Flashback

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38
Q

A writer/speaker says one thing and means something entirely different.

A

Verbal Irony

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39
Q

A writer shows a discrepancy (great difference) between the expected result of a particular action and the actual result.

A

Situational Irony

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40
Q

A reader or an audience perceives something that a character in the story or play does not know. The character is completely unaware of something that the reader is aware of. The audience is aware of the character’s mistakes.

A

Dramatic Irony

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41
Q

How the author uses syntax, diction, voice to share their ideas. Also thought of as the qualities and characteristics that distinguish one writer’s work from the work of others.

A

Style

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42
Q

Narrator’s attitude/voice toward the subject of the writing. This is created through various lit. devices like character.

A

Tone

43
Q

Specific time and place action is set

A

Setting

44
Q

Using language intentionally to develop voice, emotion, or impact of piece

A

Diction

45
Q

Overall emotional impact of the literary work on the reader.
This is established through word choice and imagery.

A

Mood

46
Q

An author’s intentional choice to include something which changes the reader’s understanding

A

Selection of Detail

47
Q

Type of sentence, length of sentence, or other device

A

Syntax

48
Q

Ex. Golden car, green light, the valley of ashes, etc.

A

Symbol

49
Q

Ex. Weather, colors, parties, etc.

A

Motif

50
Q

Ex. The sun smiled down on us.

A

Personification

51
Q

Ex. Chocolate cake is my Achilles heel

A

Allusion

52
Q

Ex. He was as busy as a bee.

A

Simile

53
Q

Ex. Eyes are the windows to the soul.

A

Metaphor

54
Q

The noun or pronoun which performs the action of the verb.

A

Subject

55
Q

Why isn’t the subject here in this example?
“Go to your room!”

A

Implied Subject

56
Q

The action or state of being in the sentence

A

Verb

57
Q

An action with noun after

A

Transitive Verb

58
Q

An action with preposition after

A

Intransitive Verb

59
Q

The noun or pronoun that receives the action of the verb

A

Object

60
Q

When would a verb not have an object?

A

Intransitive Verb

61
Q

What is “his tiny nephew” in this sentence?
“John read his tiny nephew an exciting story.”

A

Indirect Object

62
Q

What is “an exciting story” in this sentence?
“John read his tiny nephew an exciting story.”

A

Direct Object

63
Q

Verb that involves actions

A

Action Verbs

64
Q

Verb that involves state of being

If you can substitute am, is, or are and the sentence still sounds logical, you have this

A

Linking Verbs

65
Q

Noun or pronoun after a linking verb that renames the subject.

A

Predicate Nominative (Complement)

66
Q

Adjective that comes after the linking verb that describes the subject

A

Predicate Adjective (Complement)

67
Q

These are sentence parts that cannot stand alone (missing subjects or verbs)

A

Phrases

68
Q

Renames the noun BEFORE it

This = noun/pronoun; Can be in a phrase with adjectives

Does not include a verb

A

Appositives

69
Q

What is the appositive in this example?
“My favorite novel The Great Gatsby is on my shelf.”

A

The Great Gatsby

70
Q

Preposition + Object =

A

Prepositional Phrase

71
Q

Verbs that don’t act like verbs.

They act like:
- Nouns
- Adjectives
- Adverbs

A

Verbal Phrases

72
Q

To + verb
Can act like a noun, adjective, or adverb.

A

Infinitive

73
Q

The infinitive + any objects, complements, adjs, preps, appos, etc

It will not include the main verb of the sentence!

A

Infinitive Phrases

74
Q

When an infinitive phrase acts like this, it can be…
Subject, object, complement, OP, appos

A

Noun

75
Q

When an infinitive phrase acts like this, it can modify any noun or pronoun in the sentence

A

Adjectives

76
Q

When an infinitive phrase acts like this, it can modify any verb, adjective, or adverb in the sentence

A

Adverb

77
Q

What is the verbal in this sentence?
“To teach high school English in New York was Alicia’s goal in life.”

A

To teach high school English in New York (STOP AT MAIN VERB)

78
Q

What is this verbal in this sentence?
“He wanted to eat ice cream but his mother said he couldn’t.”

A

To eat ice cream (STOP AT CONJUNCTION)

79
Q

What is this verbal in this sentence?
“They reached far to grab his hand; however, no length was long enough.”

A

To grab his hand (STOP AT PUNCTUATION)

80
Q

What type of infinitive verbal is used?
“Mrs. Link’s advice was hard to accept.”

A

Adverb – describes hard (adj))

81
Q

What type of infinitive verbal is used?
“Hockey is an exciting sport to watch.”

A

Adjective – describes sport (noun)

82
Q

What type of infinitive verbal is used?
“In spite of the noise and confusion, we tried to listen.”

A

Noun – Object (what we tried to do)

83
Q

Ends in “ing”– acts as a noun

Can be the S, O/C, Appos, OP (Object of preposition)

If you can replace the entire phrase or just this with “it, they, or them” you have a noun

Only possessive pronouns (ex: my, yours, his) will come before this

A

Gerund

84
Q

Gerund + any objects, complements, adjs, preps, appos, etc

It will not include the main verb of the sentence!

A

Gerund Phrase

85
Q

All of these act as adjectives

Will come before or after a noun/pronoun

A

Participle

86
Q

Participle + any objects, complements, adjs, preps, appos, etc

It will not include the subject, object/complement!

It will not include the main verb of the sentence!

A

Participle Phrase

87
Q

Where is the verbal phrase used here, and what type is it?
“Mary and Anne have always wanted to explore a national park.”

A

“to explore a national park.” – INF (DO)

Always remember: a sentence has to have a subject and a verb, so find those first!

88
Q

Where is the verbal phrase used here, and what type is it?
“My desire would be gaining a high GPA.”

A

“gaining a high GPA.” – GER (PN)

89
Q

Where is the verbal phrase used here, and what type is it?
“Shining brightly, the distant star gave me some light.”

A

“Shining brightly,” – PART

Always remember: stop at a conjunction, the main verb, or any punctuation!

90
Q

Is a sentence part

Does not include a both a subject and verb

Is not a full sentence

A

Phrases

91
Q

Is a group of words

Contains a subject and a verb

There is relationship between words

A

Clauses

92
Q

What type of clause is this?

Main clause

Makes sense by itself

Expresses a complete thought

A

Independent Clause

93
Q

What type of clause is this?

Does not make sense by itself

Does not express a complete thought

Starts with subordinating conjunction or relative pronoun

A

Dependent Clause

94
Q

Signal dependency of information

Still have subjects and verbs, but these ideas cannot stand alone

EX: I SAW A WABUB (if, since, as, when, although, while, after, before, until, because)

A

Subordinate Conjunctions

95
Q

Connects ideas by using pronouns that relate to something previously mentioned

Creates relative clauses

Ex: Who, whom, whose, which, that, whoever, etc

A

Relative Pronouns

96
Q

What type of clause is this?

Modify noun/pro

Immediately after noun or pronoun they modify

Type of dependent Clause

A

Adjective (Dependent) Clause

97
Q

What type of clause is this?

Modify verb/adj/adv

Almost always starts with a subordinating conjunction

A

Adverb (Dependent) Clause

98
Q

What type of clause is this?

Act as S/O/C/etc

Starts with either relative pronouns or subordinating conjunctions

A

Noun (Dependent) Clause

99
Q

What type of clause is this?

Narrows down the word it modifies

It restricts the possible outcomes

Not separated by commas

THAT begins this type of clause, used with people or things

A

Essential Clause

(WHO is sometimes essential, sometimes nonessential, used with people)

100
Q

What type of clause is this?

Adds extra information

It is just added information, not changing the options in the sentence

Needs commas around it

WHICH begins this type of clause, used with things

A

Nonessential Clause

(WHO is sometimes essential, sometimes nonessential, used with people)

101
Q

A character with a fatal flaw

A

Tragic Hero

102
Q

Two contradicting statements

A

Paradox

103
Q

Two contradictory words next to each other

A

Oxymoron

Honors English II (1 decks)

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