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global history Dariana Calderon > midterm review dariana calderon > Flashcards

midterm review dariana calderon Flashcards

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1
Q

monsoon

A

a seasonal prevailing wind in the region of South and Southeast Asia

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2
Q

bubonic plague

A

he most common form of plague in humans, characterized by fever, delirium, and the formation of buboes

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3
Q

hinduism

A

a major religious and cultural tradition of South Asia, developed from Vedic religion.

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4
Q

buddhism

A

a religion represented by the many groups (especially in Asia) that profess various forms of the Buddhist doctrine

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5
Q

reincarnation

A

the rebirth of a soul in a new body

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6
Q

moksha

A

in Hinduism and Jainism) release from the cycle of rebirth impelled by the law of karma.

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7
Q

nirvana

A

(in Buddhism) a transcendent state in which there is neither suffering, desire, nor sense of self, and the subject is released from the effects of karma and the cycle of death and rebirth. It represents the final goal of Buddhism.

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8
Q

eightfold path

A

the path to nirvana, comprising eight aspects in which an aspirant must become practiced: right views, intention, speech, action, livelihood, effort, mindfulness, and concentration.

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9
Q

sanskrit

A

ancient Indic language of India, in which the Hindu scriptures and classical Indian epic poems are written and from which many northern Indian languages are derived.

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10
Q

caste system

A

a social structure in which classes are determined by heredity

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11
Q

cultural diffusion

A

In cultural anthropology and cultural geography, cultural diffusion

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12
Q

judaism

A

the monotheistic religion of the Jews.

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13
Q

christianity

A

religion based on the person and teachings of Jesus of Nazareth, or its beliefs and practices.

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14
Q

islam

A

the religion of the Muslims, a monotheistic faith regarded as revealed through Muhammad as the Prophet of Allah.

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15
Q

ten commandments

A

Decalogue: the biblical commandments of Moses

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16
Q

five pillars

A

The Five Pillars of Islam are five basic acts in Islam, considered mandatory by believers and are the foundation of Muslim life.

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17
Q

torah

A

he law of God as revealed to Moses and recorded in the first five books of the Hebrew scriptures

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18
Q

animism

A

the belief in a supernatural power that organizes and animates the material universe.

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19
Q

shintoism

A

the ancient indigenous religion of Japan lacking formal dogma; characterized by a veneration of nature spirits and of ancestors

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20
Q

four noble truths

A

the four central beliefs containing the essence of Buddhist teaching.

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21
Q

polytheism

A

the belief in or worship of more than one god.

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22
Q

monotheism

A

the doctrine or belief that there is only one God.

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23
Q

code of hammurabi

A

The Code of Hammurabi is a well-preserved Babylonian law code of ancient Iraq, formerly Mesopotamia, dating back to about 1772 BC. It is one of the oldest deciphered writings of significant length in the world

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24
Q

brahma

A

short for Brahmaputra.an Asian river; flows into the Bay of Bengal

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25
Q

dharma

A

the teaching or religion of the Buddha

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26
Q

silk road

A

an ancient trade route between China and the Mediterranean (4,000 miles); followed by Marco Polo in the 13th century to reach Cathay

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27
Q

middle kingdom

A

In China, common names for China include Zhongguo and Zhonghua, while Han and Tang are common names given for the Chinese ethnicity.

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28
Q

confucianism

A

a system of philosophical and ethical teachings founded by Confucius and developed by Mencius.

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29
Q

pax romana

A

the peace that existed between nationalities within the Roman Empire

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30
Q

guilds

A

a medieval association of craftsmen or merchants, often having considerable power.

31
Q

democracy

A

a system of government by the whole population or all the eligible members of a state, typically through elected representatives.

32
Q

hieroglyphics

A

writing consisting of hieroglyphs.

33
Q

cuneiform

A

denoting or relating to the wedge-shaped characters used in the ancient writing systems of Mesopotamia, Persia, and Ugarit, surviving mainly impressed on clay tablets.

34
Q

fertile crescent

A

a geographical area of fertile land in the Middle East stretching in a broad semicircle from the Nile to the Tigris and Euphrates

35
Q

hagia sophia

A

a 6th century masterpiece of Byzantine architecture in Istanbul; built as a Christian church, converted to a mosque in 1453, and made into a museum in the middle of the 20th century

36
Q

justinian’s code

A

The Corpus Juris Civilis is the modern name for a collection of fundamental works in jurisprudence, issued from 529 to 534 by order of Justinian I, Eastern Roman Emperor.

37
Q

terrace farming

A

In agriculture, a terrace is a piece of sloped plane that has been cut into a series of successively receding flat surfaces or platforms, which resemble steps, for the purposes of more effective farming.

38
Q

commercial revolution

A

The Commercial Revolution was a period of European economic expansion, colonialism, and mercantilism which lasted from approximately the 16th century until the early 18th century.

39
Q

chivalry

A

the medieval knightly system with its religious, moral, and social code.

40
Q

one hundred years war

A

The Hundred Years’ War was a long struggle between England and France over succession to the French throne.

41
Q

sanskrit

A

ancient Indic language of India, in which the Hindu scriptures and classical Indian epic poems are written and from which many northern Indian languages are derived.

42
Q

caste system

A

a social structure in which classes are determined by heredity

43
Q

cultural diffusion

A

In cultural anthropology and cultural geography, cultural diffusion

44
Q

judaism

A

the monotheistic religion of the Jews.

45
Q

christianity

A

religion based on the person and teachings of Jesus of Nazareth, or its beliefs and practices.

46
Q

islam

A

the religion of the Muslims, a monotheistic faith regarded as revealed through Muhammad as the Prophet of Allah.

47
Q

ten commandments

A

Decalogue: the biblical commandments of Moses

48
Q

five pillars

A

The Five Pillars of Islam are five basic acts in Islam, considered mandatory by believers and are the foundation of Muslim life.

49
Q

torah

A

he law of God as revealed to Moses and recorded in the first five books of the Hebrew scriptures

50
Q

animism

A

the belief in a supernatural power that organizes and animates the material universe.

51
Q

shintoism

A

the ancient indigenous religion of Japan lacking formal dogma; characterized by a veneration of nature spirits and of ancestors

52
Q

four noble truths

A

the four central beliefs containing the essence of Buddhist teaching.

53
Q

polytheism

A

the belief in or worship of more than one god.

54
Q

monotheism

A

the doctrine or belief that there is only one God.

55
Q

code of hammurabi

A

The Code of Hammurabi is a well-preserved Babylonian law code of ancient Iraq, formerly Mesopotamia, dating back to about 1772 BC. It is one of the oldest deciphered writings of significant length in the world

56
Q

brahma

A

short for Brahmaputra.an Asian river; flows into the Bay of Bengal

57
Q

dharma

A

the teaching or religion of the Buddha

58
Q

silk road

A

an ancient trade route between China and the Mediterranean (4,000 miles); followed by Marco Polo in the 13th century to reach Cathay

59
Q

middle kingdom

A

In China, common names for China include Zhongguo and Zhonghua, while Han and Tang are common names given for the Chinese ethnicity.

60
Q

confucianism

A

a system of philosophical and ethical teachings founded by Confucius and developed by Mencius.

61
Q

pax romana

A

the peace that existed between nationalities within the Roman Empire

62
Q

guilds

A

a medieval association of craftsmen or merchants, often having considerable power.

63
Q

democracy

A

a system of government by the whole population or all the eligible members of a state, typically through elected representatives.

64
Q

hieroglyphics

A

writing consisting of hieroglyphs.

65
Q

cuneiform

A

denoting or relating to the wedge-shaped characters used in the ancient writing systems of Mesopotamia, Persia, and Ugarit, surviving mainly impressed on clay tablets.

66
Q

fertile crescent

A

a geographical area of fertile land in the Middle East stretching in a broad semicircle from the Nile to the Tigris and Euphrates

67
Q

hagia sophia

A

a 6th century masterpiece of Byzantine architecture in Istanbul; built as a Christian church, converted to a mosque in 1453, and made into a museum in the middle of the 20th century

68
Q

justinian’s code

A

The Corpus Juris Civilis is the modern name for a collection of fundamental works in jurisprudence, issued from 529 to 534 by order of Justinian I, Eastern Roman Emperor.

69
Q

terrace farming

A

In agriculture, a terrace is a piece of sloped plane that has been cut into a series of successively receding flat surfaces or platforms, which resemble steps, for the purposes of more effective farming.

70
Q

commercial revolution

A

The Commercial Revolution was a period of European economic expansion, colonialism, and mercantilism which lasted from approximately the 16th century until the early 18th century.

71
Q

chivalry

A

the medieval knightly system with its religious, moral, and social code.

72
Q

one hundred years war

A

The Hundred Years’ War was a long struggle between England and France over succession to the French throne.

73
Q

manorialsm

A

Manorialism, an essential element of feudal society, was the organizing principle of rural economy that originated in the villa system of the Late Roman Empire,

global history Dariana Calderon (1 decks)

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