Midterm Review Chapters: 2, 6, 8, & 9 Flashcards
Name the correct order from bottom to top of Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs.
A.
- physiological
- safety
- love and belonging needs
- esteem
- self-actualization
B.
- self-actualization
- safety
- esteem
- love and belonging needs
- physiological
C.
- safety
- physiological
- esteem
- self-actualization
- love and belonging
D.
- love and belonging
- safety
- esteem
- physiological
- self-actualization
A.
- physiological
- safety
- love and belonging needs
- esteem
- self-actualization
Name this Maslow’s stage.
Food, water, oxygen, elimination, rest, and sex
a. physiological needs
b. safety needs
c. love and belonging needs
d. esteem
e. self-actualization
a. physiological
Name this Maslow’s stage.
Security, protection, stability, structure, order, and limits
a. physiological needs
b. safety needs
c. love and belonging needs
d. esteem
e. self-actualization
b. safety needs
Name this Maslow’s stage.
Affiliation, affectionate relationships, and love
a. physiological needs
b. safety needs
c. love and belonging needs
d. esteem
e. self-actualization
c. love and belonging needs
Name this Maslow’s stage.
Self-esteem related to competency, achievement, and esteem from others
a. physiological needs
b. safety needs
c. love and belonging needs
d. esteem
e. self-actualization
d. esteem
Name this Maslow’s stage.
Becoming everything one is capable of
a. physiological needs
b. safety needs
c. love and belonging needs
d. esteem
e. self-actualization
e. self-actualization
Which two additional factors did Maslow add?
A.
- cognitive
- social
B.
- cognitive
- aesthetic
C.
- social
- aesthetic
D.
- completion
- cognitive
B.
- cognitive
- aesthetic
According to Maslow’s hierarchy of needs, the most basic needs category for nurses to address is:
A. physiological
B. Safety
C. Love and belonging
D. self-actualization
A. physiological
The intentional threat designed to make another person fearful that you will cause that person harm.
assault
The actual harmful or offensive touching of another person.
battery
The study of specific ethical questions that arise in healthcare.
bioethics
A legal term related to the degree of mental soundness a person has to make decisions or to carry out specific acts.
competency
A ___________ usually requires outpatient treatment for a specified period of time.
A. unconditional release
B. voluntary release
C. conditional release
D. involuntary release
C. conditional release
An ethical responsibility of healthcare professionals that prohibits the disclosure of privileged information without the patient’s consent.
confidentiality
When a therapist determines that a patient presents a serious danger of violence to another, the therapist has the __________ that other person.
A. duty to warn
B. duty to protect
C. right to privacy
D. right to refuse treatment
B. duty to protect
An obligation to warn third parties when they may be in danger from a patient.
duty to warn
temporary admission or emergency hospitalization
emergency commitment
results when there is a conflict between two or more courses of action, each carrying favorable and unfavorable consequences
ethical dilemma
The branch of knowledge and philosophical beliefs about what is right or wrong in a society.
ethics
occurs when a person is confined in a limited area or within an institution
false imprisonment
What is this an example?
If you approach the patient with a medication in hand, and the patient indicates a willingness to receive the medication.
A. informed consent
B. conditional release
C. voluntary commitment
D. implied consent
D. implied consent
A legal term that means the patient has been provided with basic information regarding risks and benefits, and alternatives to treatment.
informed consent
willful or intentional acts that violate another person’s rights or property
intentional torts
a court-ordered admission to a facility without the patient’s approval
involuntary commitment
A mandate that states that care providers take the least drastic action to achieve a specific purpose.
least restrictive alternative doctrine
Name this example.
If you can treat someone safely for depression on an outpatient basis, hospitalization would be too restrictive and unnecessarily disruptive.
A. most complex doctrine
B. unconditional release
C. least restrive doctrine
D. unintentional torts
C. least restrive doctrine
The failure to use ordinary care in any professional or personal situation when there is a duty to do so.
negligence
What is the most common unintentional tort?
negligence
Federal legislation providing equality for the people with mental illness with other patients in terms of payments for services from health insurance plans also improves access to treatment. This equal payment is called _________.
parity
The legal duty to maintain confidentiality is to protect the patient’s __________.
A. right to privacy
B. right to refuse treatment
C. duty to warn
D. duty to protect
A. right to privacy
T/F
Patients may withhold consent or withdraw content at any time, even if they are involuntarily committed.
true
any wrongful act, intentional or accidental, that results in an injury to another
tort
termination of the legal patient-institution relationship
unconditional release
unintended acts against another person that produce injury or harm
unintentional torts
occurs when a patient applies in writing for admission to the facility
voluntary admission
“formal written order” to “free the person”
writ of habeas corpus
a procedural mechanism used to challenge unlawful detention by the government
writ of habeas corpus
A person’s ability to make an informed decision.
capacity
Name the three types of admission to mental health facilities in the State of Nevada.
A.
- implied admission
- emergency admission
- involuntary court-ordered admission
B.
- voluntary admission
- emergency admission
- involuntary court-ordered admission
C.
- involuntary admission
- emergency admission
- voluntary court-ordered admission
D.
- involuntary admission
- standard admission
- involuntary court-ordered admission
B.
- voluntary admission
- emergency admission
- involuntary court-ordered admission
Protects confidential information about individuals when they are not alive to speak for themselves.
Dead Man’s Statute
patients admitted for psychiatric care is the right to quality care
right to treatment
T/F
In an emergency situation where a person may cause serious and imminent harm to others, institutions cna medicate a person without a court hearing.
true
Who is responsible for securing informed consent?
doctor/prescriber
T/F
Capacity is a strict concept and individuals may possess it for an exact period of time, it never changes.
false; fluid concept and lack and gain in certain areas
T/F
Patients are considered incompetent until they have been declared competent.
false; competent until declared incompetent
An MD must assess a patient in restraints within __________ hour.
A. 1 hour
B. 15 minutes
C. 24 hours
D. 12 hours
A. 1 hour
T/F
Chemical interventions are usually less restrictive than physical or mechanical interventions.
true
confining patients alone in an area or a room and preventing them from leaving
seclusion
__________ is limited to patients who are demonstrating violent or self-destructive behavior that jeopardizes the safety of others or themselves.
A. false imprisonment
B. poverty
C. seclusion
D. involuntary admission
C. seclusion
Only the __________ can waive the legal privilege of confidentiality.
A. nurse
B. physician
C. case worker
D. patient
D. patient
What does HIPAA stand for?
Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act
- an opinion or conviction, something that you hold to be true
- confidence, trust, or faith
- religious tenets, creed, or faith
belief
the expected and accepted legal, ethical, and professional standards that separate nurses from patients
boundaries
a mentoring relationship characterized by feedback and evaluation
clinical supervision
information being held in confidence unless an authorization is made to share this information
confidentiality
A __________ emphasizes the patient’s participation and responsibility because it shows that the nurse does something with the patient rather than for the patient.
A. contract
B. rapport
C. boundary
D. positive regard
A. contract
a supportive face-to-face process that helps individuals problem solve, resolve personal conflicts, and feel supported
counseling
the nurse unconsciously displaces feelings related to significant figures in the nurse’s past onto the patient
countertransference
occurs when the helping person attempts to understand the world from the patient’s perspective
empathy
refers to the nurse’s ability to be open, honest, and authentic in interactions with patients
genuineness
the first time the nurse and the patient meet and is the phase in which the nurse conducts the initial interview
orientation phase
primarily initiated for the purpose of friendship, socialization, enjoyment, or accomplishment of a task
personal relationship
respecting a person and viewing another person as being worthy of caring about and as someone who has strengths and achievement potential
positive regard
The __________ phase begins with preparing for your assignment.
A. orientation
B. termination
C. working
D. preorientation
D. preorientation
consists of a nurse who has skills and expertise and a patient who wants to feel better, find solutions to problems, explore different methods to improve quality of life, or find an advocate
professional nurse-patient relationship
a formalized approach to talk therapy that is based on theoretical models
psychotherapy
a relationship characterized by understanding and harmony, which is facilitated by genuineness, empathy, and unconditional positive regard on the part of the nurse
rapport
the final, integral part of the nurse-patient relationship
termination phase
nurse and patient meet only a few times
therapeutic encounter
the nurse maximizes communication skills, understanding of human behaviors, and personal strengths to enhance the patient’s growth
therapeutic relationship
the patient unconsciously and inappropriately displaces onto the nurse feelings and behaviors related to significant figures in the patient’s past
transference
abstract standards and represent an ideal, either positive or negative
values
T/F
New and more adaptive coping behaviors can be practiced within the context of the working phase.
true
Which statement made by the nurse concerning ethics demonstrates the best understanding of the concept?
A.”It isn’t right to deny someone healthcare because they can’t pay for it.”
B. “I never discuss my patient’s refusal of treatment.”
C. “The hospital needs to buy more respirators so we always have one available.”
D. “Not all NICU patients have the right to unbiased attentional from the staff.”
A.”It isn’t right to deny someone healthcare because they can’t pay for it.”
Which nursing intervention demonstrates the ethical principle of beneficence?
A. refusing to administer a placebo to a patient
B. attending an in-service on the operation of the new IV infusion pumps
C. providing frequent updates to the family of a patient currently in surgery
D. respecting the right of the patient to make decisions about whether or not to have ETC therapy
C. providing frequent updates to the family of a patient currently in surgery
Which situations demonstrate liable behavior on the part of the staff? (SATA)
A. Forgetting to obtain consent for ETC therapy for a cognitively impaired patient
B. Leaving a patient with suicidal thoughts alone in the bathroom to shower
C. Promising to restrain a patient who stole from another patient on the unit
D. Reassuring a patient with paranoia that his antipsychotic medication was not tampered with
E. Placing a patient who has repeatedly threatened to assault staff in seclusion
A. Forgetting to obtain consent for ETC therapy for a cognitively impaired patient
B. Leaving a patient with suicidal thoughts alone in the bathroom to shower
C. Promising to restrain a patient who stole from another patient on the unit
Based on Maslow’s hierarchy of needs, physiological needs for a restrained patient include: (SATA)
A. private toileting, oral hydration
B. checking the tightness of the restraints
C. therapeutic communication
D. maintaining a patent airway
A. private toileting, oral hydration
B. checking the tightness of the restraints
D. maintaining a patent airway
The __________ phase can last for a few meetings or extend over a longer period.
A. termination
B. preorientation
C. working
D. orientation
D. orientation
What is the first task of the orientation phase?
introductions
During the _________ phase, the nurse and patient identify and explore areas that are causing problems in the patient’s life.
A. preorientation
B. working
C. termination
D. orientation
B. working
When do you discuss the termination phase?
during the first meeting and again during the working stage at appropriate times
T/F
Patients, not nurses, are responsible for maintaining professional boundaries.
false; nurses, not patients
characterized by a reversal of roles where the needs of the nurse are being met rather than the needs of the patient
boundary violation
__________ in the nurse-patient relationship is often a result of unrecognized transference or countertransference.
A. therapeutic use of self
B. termination phase
C. blurring of roles
D. rapport
C. blurring of roles
The patient expresses sadness at “being all alone with no one to share my life with.” Which response by the nurse demonstrates the existence of a therapeutic relationship?
A. “Loneliness can be a very painful and difficult emotion.”
B. “Let’s talk and see if you and I have any interests in common.”
C. “I use Facebook to find people who share my love of cooking.”
D. “Loneliness is managed by getting involved with people.”
A. “Loneliness can be a very painful and difficult emotion.”
Which patient outcome is directly associated with the goals of a therapeutic nurse-patient relationship?
A. patient will be respectful to other patients on the unit
B. patient will identify suicidal feelings to staff whenever they occur
C. patient will engage in at least one social interaction with the unit population daily
D. patient will consume a daily diet to meet both nutritional and hydration needs
B. patient will identify suicidal feelings to staff whenever they occur
What is the greatest trigger for the development of a patient’s nurse-focused transference?
A. the similarity between the nurses and someone the patient already dislikes
B. the nature of the patient’s diagnosed mental illness
C. the history the patient has with the patient’s parents
D. the degree of authority the nurse has over the patient
D. the degree of authority the nurse has over the patient
Mary is a 39-year-old attending a physician outpatient clinic. Mary believes that her husband, sister, and son cause her problems. Listening to Mary describe the problems, the nurse displays therapeutic communication in which response?
A. “I understand you are in a difficult situation.”
B. “Thinking about being wronged repeatedly does more harm than good.”
C. “I feel bad about your situation, and I am so sorry it is happening to you and your family.”
D. “It must be so difficult to live with uncaring people.”
A. “I understand you are in a difficult situation.”
nurses focus, respond, and remember what the patient is saying verbally and nonverbally
active listening
a form of cultural bias or cultural prejudice that determines what we pay attention to and what we ignore
cultural filters
a critical conversation and reflection regarding an experience that results in growth and learning
debriefing
two or more mutually contradictory messages given by a person in power
double-bind message
The tone of voice, emphasis on certain words, and the manner in which a person paces speech are examples of __________.
A. verbal communication
B. nonverbal communication
C. open-ended questions
D. closed-ended questions
B. nonverbal communication
words and actions that help to achieve health-related goals
therapeutic communication techniques
consists of all the words a person speaks
verbal communication
Therapeutic or nontherapeutic?
using silence
therapeutic
Therapeutic or nontherapeutic?
active listening
therapeutic
Therapeutic or nontherapeutic?
clarifying techniques
therapeutic
What do projective questions usually start with?
A. “I think”
B. “who is”
C. “what if”
D. “tell me”
C. “what if”
Therapeutic or nontherapeutic?
accepting
therapeutic
Therapeutic or nontherapeutic?
offering self
therapeutic
Therapeutic or nontherapeutic?
offering general leads
therapeutic
Therapeutic or nontherapeutic?
giving broad leads
therapeutic
Therapeutic or nontherapeutic?
making observations
therapeutic
Therapeutic or nontherapeutic?
encouraging comparison
therapeutic
Therapeutic or nontherapeutic?
giving information
therapeutic
Therapeutic or nontherapeutic?
seeking clarification
therapeutic
Therapeutic or nontherapeutic?
voicing doubt
therapeutic
Therapeutic or nontherapeutic?
verbalizing the implied
therapeutic
Therapeutic or nontherapeutic?
attempting to translate into feelings
therapeutic
Therapeutic or nontherapeutic?
suggesting collaboration
therapeutic
Therapeutic or nontherapeutic?
making value judgment
nontherapeutic
Therapeutic or nontherapeutic?
giving approval, agreeing
nontherapeutic
Therapeutic or nontherapeutic?
disapproving, disagreeing
nontherapeutic
Therapeutic or nontherapeutic?
changing the subject
nontherapeutic
Name this therapeutic communication technique.
indicates awareness of change and personal efforts
giving recognition
Name this therapeutic communication technique.
offers presence, interest, and a desire to understand; does not imply good or bad, right or wrong
offering self
Name this therapeutic communication technique.
allows the other person to take direction in the discussion; indicates that the nurse is interested in what comes next
offering general leads
Name this therapeutic communication technique.
clarifies that the lead is to be taken by the patient; however, the nurse discourages pleasantries and small talk
giving broad leads
Name this therapeutic communication technique.
calls attention to the person’s behavior
making observations
Name this therapeutic communication technique.
brings out recurring themes in experiences or interpersonal relationships; helps the person clarify similarities and differences
encouraging comparison
Name this nontherapeutic communication technique.
prevents problem-solving; can make the patient feel guilty, angry, misunderstood, not supported, or anxious to leave
making value judgments
Name this nontherapeutic communication technique.
implies the patient is doing the right thing - and that not doing it is wrong
giving approval, disagreeing
T/F
Facial expression is extremely important in terms of nonverbal communication.
true
Which statement made by the nurse demonstrates the best understanding of nonverbal communication?
A.”The patient’s verbal and nonverbal communication is often different.”
B. “When my patient responds to my question, I check for congruence between verbal and nonverbal communication to help validate the response.”
C.”If a patient is slumped in the chair, I can be sure he’s angry or depressed.”
D. “It’s easier to interpret verbal communication than to interpret nonverbal communication.”
B. “When my patient responds to my question, I check for congruence between verbal and nonverbal communication to help validate the response.”
You have been working closely with a patient for the past month. Today, he tells you he is looking forward to meeting with his new psychiatrist but frowns and avoids eye contact while reporting this to you. Which of the following responses would most likely be therapeutic?
A. “A new psychiatrist is a chance to start fresh; I’m sure it will go well for you.”
B. You say you look forward to the meeting, but you appear anxious or unhappy.”
C. “I notice that you frowned and avoided eye contact just now. Don’t you feel well?”
D. “I get the impression you don’t really want to see your psychiatrist, can you tell me why?”
B. You say you look forward to the meeting, but you appear anxious or unhappy.”
Which student behavior is consistent with therapeutic communication?
A. offering your opinion when asked to convey support
B. summarizing the essence of the patient’s comments in your own words
C. interrupting periods of silence before they become awkward for the patient
D. telling the patient he did well when you approve of his statements or actions
B. summarizing the essence of the patient’s comments in your own words
James is a 42-year-old patient with schizophrenia. He approaches you as you arrive for your day shift and anxiously reports, “Last night, demons came to my room and tried to attack me.” Which response would be most therapeutic?
A. “There are no such thing as demons. What you saw were hallucinations.”
B. “It is not possible for anyone to enter your room at night. You are safe here.”
C. “You seem upset. Please tell me more about what you experienced last night.”
D. “That must have been frightening, but we’ll check on you at night and you’ll be safe.”
C. “You seem upset. Please tell me more about what you experienced last night.”
