Midterm Review Flashcards
Profession dedicated to maintaining and improving health and well-being of the physically active population and preventing athletic-related injuries and illnesses
Athletic training
Roles of an athletic trainer (5)
- injury prevention
- recognition, evaluation, and immediate care of injuries
- rehabilitation and reconditioning of athletic injuries
- Health Care Admin.
- professional development and responsibility
Height/Weight for physical exam
barefooted, against wall
certified scale, min. clothes
Skinfold/BMI
% body fat, age/gender specific percentage
obesity, h/w to measure BMI
BP/pulse rate
systolic/diastolic
radial/carotid
respiration/body temp
adult - 12 to 20
child - more rapid
vision - shellen eye chart
joint rom and stress test
joint ROM
major joints, standardized measurements, r/l limbs measured bilaterally
stress test
fitness testing
ear, nose, throat assessment
heart, lungs, abdomen
Neurological
peripheral and central
neurological - peripheral
sensation/muscular movement
pain
touch
reflexes
neurological - central
brain (concussion)
comp./sideline testing options
checkout with physician (3)
- Reviews all of the tests completed at each station
- determine if further testing is needed
- clears athlete for participation
wounds
skin
sprains
ligaments
strains
muscles/tendons
nerve
nerve tissue
closing techniques for a skin wound
butterfly, tough material to bring together edges of a wound
stitches
sutures
wound closing techniques
skin
stitches
tissue adhesives
ligament sprains
bone to bone
bleed eternally
ligament sprains result in…
instability to bear weight or move the joint
creates laxity
classifications of strains and sprains
grade I: mild (stretching)
grade II: moderate (little bit of tearing)
grade III: severe (complete rupture)
strains are
muscle to bone and transmit forces to move the muscle
nerve tissue damage involves..
brain/spinal cord
nerve tissues…
transmit sensations throughout the body
neuroma
enlarged nerve tissue
compression causes pain and disability
chronic soft tissue injury
less injury force but sustained overtime
types of chronic soft tissue injury
synovitis, bursitis, myositis
factors affecting injuries
degree, location, blood supply, age of athlete, nutrition status, illnesses, and medications
bone injuries
fractures and dislocations
when a dislocation occurs….
deformity present, bone s in same joint no longer align
treating bone injuries
splinting and casting
splinting
removable/temporarily immobilize for treatment
casting
plaster/fiberglass for unstable injuries
blisters are caused by..
skin fracture, foot is sliding/shifting
how to treat intact blister
clean site with alcohol wipe or hydrogen peroxide, use a flame sterilized needle and puncture the site, apply pressure to get fluid out, apply thin layer of ointment, apply blister care product, and check site daily
how to treat ruptured blister
antibiotic and use protective covering, cut off loose skin (if any) and clean it, cover with antibiotic and protective covering
lateral ankle ligaments
anterior talofibular
posterior talofibular
calcaneofibular
medial ankle ligament
deltoid ligament
high ankle ligaments
anterior tibiofibular
posterior tibiofibular
preventing ligament inj.
appropriate footwear
supporting taping/braces
protective equipment
stretching/conditioning programs
toe abnormalities
hammertoes and bunions
hammertoes
middle joint of toe is flexed, and metatarsal phalangeal and distal joint are hyperextended
bunion
excessive valgus stress on great toe
shin splints
stretch, tear, irritation of skin muscles, tendons, bone covering
causes of shin splints
tight calf muscles worn out shoes tight Achilles tendon inadequate shoe support weak/inflexible shin muscles repeatedly running on uneven surfaces fail to absorb shock
