Midterm Review Flashcards
What was the Seneca Falls Convention?
The Seneca Falls Convention was held in Seneca NY in 1848. The “Declaration of Sentiments” was presented which was written by women to ensure women were involved in the decision of the abolishment of slavery and the abolitionist movement. The legal condition of women was compared to that of slavery.
Who were the Grimke sisters? What were the arguments in their appeal?
Sarah and Angelina Grimke fought for both women’s rights and the abolition movement.
- women should be more involved in the abolition movement.
- African Americans can bare more than they are currently. Freed slaves were equated to the conditions of Christian women. Calls for action on behalf of women and reminiscent of “Republican Motherhood”
Who was Jane Swisshelm?
Jane Swisshelm was a white woman who fought for women’s rights but did not agree with Angelina Grimke on slavery. She had an article in the “Saturday Visitor” in 1850.
Who was William Lloyd Garrison?
William Lloyd Garrison was an American journalistic crusader who helped lead the successful abolitionist campaign against slavery in the United States.
In 1830, William Lloyd Garrison started an abolitionist paper, “The Liberator.” In 1832, he helped form the New England Anti-Slavery Society. When the Civil War broke out, he continued to blast the Constitution as a pro-slavery document. Discusses a lot of God and religion within his speech. He was against fighting as “we do not preach rebellion”. He expects submission & peace (opposes David Walker)
What acts of violence occurred between 1854 and 1861?
Bleeding Kansas was violence that ensued following the Kansas-Nebraska Act of 1854. There was a lot of violence due to the disagreement that Kansas and Nebraska had a choice to decide whether they were free or slave states. Many people died.
What group of individuals settled in Texas?
The debate over slavery became one of the prime forces behind the Texas Revolution and the resulting republic’s annexation to the United States. After gaining its independence from Spain in 1821, Mexico hoped to attract new settlers to its northern areas to create a buffer between it and the powerful Comanche.
What is the name of the forced relocations of Native Americans to the west?
The Trail of Tears was a series of forced relocations of approximately 60,000 Native Americans in the United States from their ancestral homelands in the Southeastern United States, to areas to the west of the Mississippi River that had been designated as Indian Territory. It was forced Indian removal.
What was signed on December 29, 1835, by officials of the United States government and representatives of a minority Cherokee political faction? What did it say?
Treaty of New Echota gave the Cherokee about $5 million in exchange for their ancestral land. It provided the legal basis for the Trail of Tears, the forcible removal of the Cherokee Nation from Georgia. It was land in exchange for money.
What was Nat Turner’s Rebellion?
Nat Turner’s Rebellion was a national phenomenon. Nat Turner lived in VA and attempted to free enslaved people. He led about 50 slaves in rebellion and killed about 57 white people. This became a sense of white terror as Africans were suited for slavery, while white people remained superior. It was also a call for the gradual emancipation of slaves.
Which act stated that slaves were to be found by government agents and returned to their masters?
The Fugitive Slave Act (Under the Compromise of 1850) meant that slaves had to be returned even if they were in a free state. The act also made the federal government responsible for finding, returning and trying escaped slaves.
What was Dred Scott v. Sandford? What did the Supreme Court rule?
Dred Scott v. Sanford was an 1857 Supreme Court case in which a slave, Dred Scott, tried to sue for his freedom on the grounds that his master moved him to a free territory.
In the Dred Scott decision, the Supreme Court ruled that:
Since slaves are property of their masters, a slave is not automatically granted his freedom when his master moves him to a free state or territory.
Slaves are not citizens and therefore have no legal right to sue. It also states that the Missouri Compromise of 1820 was unconstitutional and that the federal government could not prohibit slavery in any state or territory.
Who was Frederick Douglass?
Influential writer. A prominent figure in the American abolitionist movement. He escaped from slavery. He was a great thinker and writer although he was a slave. He published his own anti-slavery newspaper and wrote an autobiography in 1845.
What was the precedence for the Treaty of Guadalupe-Hidalgo?
The Treaty of Guadalupe-Hidalgo ended the Mexican-American War. It recognized the Rio Grande River as the southern border of the United States. The treaty was defeated by a wide margin in the U.S. Senate because it would upset the slave state-free state balance between North and South and risked war with Mexico, which had broken off relations with the United States.
What was the Compromise of 1850?
The Compromise of 1850 is a group of five laws passed in September of 1850. These laws made concessions to both free and slave states in an attempt to placate both sides of the slavery debate and preserve the union. After the Mexican War, tensions between the North and South reached a fever pitch. In the US, the issue of slavery was no longer just an issue of economics, but one of the states’ rights and morality. The union had to be preserved. The Compromise of 1850 succeeded in preserving the union, although the North and South were unsatisfied.
What started the Mexican-American War? What was the outcome?
Texas was annexed by the United States in 1845 and became the 28th state. Until 1836, Texas had been part of Mexico, but in that year a group of settlers from the United States who lived in Mexican Texas declared independence. They called their new country the Republic of Texas, which was an independent country for nine years. Politics in the United States fractured over the issue of whether Texas should be admitted as a slave or a free state. In the end, Texas was admitted to the United States as a slave state. The annexation of Texas contributed to the coming of the Mexican-American War (1846-1848). The conflict started, in part, over a disagreement about which river was Mexico’s true northern border: the Nueces or the Rio Grande.
