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APHUG > MIDTERM REVIEW > Flashcards

MIDTERM REVIEW Flashcards

1
Q

Human geography

A

branch of geography that studies people and their communities, cultures, economies, and interactions with the environment by studying their relations across space and place

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2
Q

Human geo focus 1

A

how people make places

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3
Q

human geo focus 2

A

how we organize space and society

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4
Q

human geo focus 3

A

how we interact with each other

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5
Q

human geo focus 4

A

how we make sense of ourselves and others

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6
Q

map

A

flat scale model of the real world

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7
Q

physical reference map

A

shows physical features of a place

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8
Q

political reference map

A

shows boundaries, major cities, and capitals

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9
Q

thematic map

A

tells story of distribution of certain geographic phenomena around the world

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10
Q

mental map

A

person’s perception of their area of interaction

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11
Q

activity space

A

person’s area of interaction

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12
Q

scale

A

ratio of distance on a map vs real world

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13
Q

ratio/fraction scale

A

1:800, 1/800

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14
Q

written scale

A

1 inch equals 800 miles

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15
Q

graphic scale

A

marked bar line to show distance on earth’s surface

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16
Q

map projection

A

transformation of locations from the surface of a sphere into locations on a plane

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17
Q

all map projections:

A

distort the surface in some way

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18
Q

mercator projection

A

standard rectangular map projection with most distortion around the poles

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19
Q

Goode homolosine projection

A

projection that zig zags so that it can be wrapped into a sphere

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20
Q

Robinson projection

A

map projection with rounded edges

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21
Q

geographic grid

A

system of imaginary arcs drawn in a grid pattern on earths surface

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22
Q

meridians

A

arcs drawn between the north and south poles

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23
Q

longitude

A

numbered system of meridians

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24
Q

0º longitude

A

pime meridian

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25
Q

180º longitude

A

international date line

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26
Q

parallel

A

arcs drawn between parallel to the equator

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27
Q

latitude

A

numbered system of parallels

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28
Q

0º latitude

A

equator

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29
Q

latitude range

A

0º to 90º

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30
Q

longitude range

A

0º to 180º

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31
Q

time zone

A

region of the globe that recognizes uniform standard time for legal, commercial, and social purposes

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32
Q

UCT (universal coordinated time)

A

time at the prime meridian

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33
Q

GIS (geographic informational system)

A

system designed to capture, store, manipulate, analyze, manage, and present spatial or geographic data

34
Q

remote sensing

A

acquisition of information about an object or phenomenon without making physical contact with the object

35
Q

GPS (global positioning system)

A

global navigation satellite system that provides geolocation and time information to receivers anywhere on or near Earth where there is an unobstructed line of sight to 4+ satellites

36
Q

place

A

point on earth

37
Q

region

A

area on earth defined by one or more distinctive characteristics

38
Q

location

A

the position that something occupies on earths surface

39
Q

toponym

A

name given to a place

40
Q

site

A

physical character of a place

41
Q

situation

A

location of a place relative to other places

42
Q

cultural landscape

A

combination of cultural features, physical features, and economic features

43
Q

formal region

A

area in which everyone shares in common one or more distinctive characteristics

44
Q

vernacular region

A

place that people believe exists as part if their cultural identity

45
Q

functional region

A

area organized around a focal point

46
Q

culture

A

customary beliefs, material traits, and social forms that are distinct tradition of a group of people

47
Q

environmental determinism

A

physical environment determines the outcome to trajectory of human social development

48
Q

possibilism

A

physical environment may limit some human actions, but people have the ability to adjust their environment

49
Q

globalization

A

force or process that involves the entire world and results in making something worldwide in scope

50
Q

diffusion

A

the process by which a characteristic spreads across space from one place to another over time

51
Q

hearth

A

the place from which innovation originates

52
Q

relocation diffusion

A

spread of an idea through physical movement of people from one place to another

53
Q

expansion diffusion

A

the spread of a feature from one place to another in a snowballing process

54
Q

expansion diffusion processes

A

hierarchical diffusion, contagious diffusion, stimulus diffusion

55
Q

resource

A

substance in the environment that is useful to people, economically and technologically feasible to access, and socially acceptable to use

56
Q

renewable resource

A

produced in nature more rapidly than it is consumed by humans

57
Q

nonrenewable resource

A

produced in nature more slowly that it is consumed by humans

58
Q

demography

A

social science which entails the statistical study of human populations

59
Q

RNI (rate of natural increase)

A

statistic that expressed a country or region’s annual growth rate

60
Q

RNI expressed as

A

percentage

61
Q

RNI calculated

A

CBR - CDR

62
Q

TFR (total fertility rate)

A

synthetic rate that expresses the fertility of a country or region, average number of children a woman will have

63
Q

TFR 1

A

halving rate

64
Q

TFR 2

A

replacement rate

65
Q

TFR 4

A

doubling rate

66
Q

young/old population

A

proportion of young people (under 15) compared to the proportion of old people (65+), illustrated by population pyramids

67
Q

dependency ratio

A

young and old populations combined

68
Q

population pyramid

A

visual representation that shows the distribution of various age groups in a population

69
Q

rapid growth pop. pyramid

A

pyramid shape

70
Q

slow/stable growth pop. pyramid

A

roughly even all the way through the graph

71
Q

negative growth pop. pyramid

A

upside down pyramid shape

72
Q

life expectancy

A

average number of years a person is expected to live from birth

73
Q

indicator of how healthy a pop. set is:

A

life expectancy

74
Q

DT (demographic transition)

A

transition from high birth and death rates to lower birth and death rates as a country develops from pre industrial to post industrial

75
Q

stage 1 demographic transition

A

pre industrial

76
Q

stage 2 demographic transition

A

early industrial

77
Q

stage 3 demographic transition

A

late industrial

78
Q

stage 4 demographic transition

A

post industrial

79
Q

infant mortality rate

A

number of deaths of infants under 1 in a given year per 1000 live births

80
Q

epidemic/pandemic disease

A

results in high mortality rates which prohibit progress in demographic transition

81
Q

epidemiologic transition

A

distinctive health traits in each stage of the demographic transition

APHUG (1 decks)

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