Midterm Review

Question 1

Define and explain Potlatch

Answer 1

Trade and destruction of surplus goods in order to gain prestige in a community. Popular in the 19th century.

Question 2

Endogamy

Answer 2

Groups within which one will marry.

Question 3

Exogamy

Answer 3

Groups outside of which one will marry.

Question 4

Incest Taboo

Answer 4

Cannot marry / reproduce with people within your bloodline.

Question 5

Cultural Appropriation

Answer 5

Absorbing outside culture according to emic categories.

Question 6

M.K. Gilmore

Answer 6

British ambassador that introduced cricket into the Trobriand Islands.

Question 7

Kayasa

Answer 7

The adaptation of cricket by the Trobriand Islanders. No limits on teams, used to gain honor and prestige in the community. Islanders don war apparel and commence in chants.

Question 8

Modernization

Answer 8

Spreading capitalism as a means of production in the modern world.

Question 9

Modernizing South Korea

Answer 9

Urbanization from rural, integration of women into waged labor, education, family structure.

Question 10

Functions of Culture

Answer 10

Coping, classification, standards, symbolic communication, natural v. artificial

Question 11

Mode of Production

Answer 11

Way people make a living. Examples: Gathering and hunting, sedentary agriculture, industrial revolution capitalism

Question 12

World Systems Theory

Answer 12

Independent parts work together (different countries)

Question 13

Use Value

Answer 13

Subjective value of what importance of utility to the owner.

Question 14

Exchange Value

Answer 14

Placing value on an item with another in mind, while using money as a convenient middleman.

Question 15

Alienation

Answer 15

relations between production and consumption disappear, only relations between things exit.

Question 16

Commodity Fetishism

Answer 16

social relations between producers are expressed as material relations between things.
Social relations between people are replaced by social relations between things.

Question 17

Sympathetic Magic

Answer 17

Like produces like. EX: pricking a voodoo doll for pain.

Question 18

Contagious Magic

Answer 18

Something will always be associated with something else. EX: Beatles Guitar

Question 19

Gift Economy

Answer 19

Gifts entail the obligation to give, to receive, and to reciprocate.
Objects are never separated from the people who exchange them.
Social relationships are preserved through gifts and material items.

Question 20

Levittown, NY

Answer 20

First mass produced neighborhood with each house looking the same.

Question 21

Difference between Victorian Era housing and Ranch Housing

Answer 21

Victorian Era housing had the idea that each room has a designated purpose on a different floor. Floors and families were separated.
Ranch style housing had houses spread out on one level so that families could feel closer together after WWII.

Question 22

Enculturation

Answer 22

Social process by which culture is learned or transmitted. Not all people are transmitted to the same thing, making culture general but unequal.

Question 23

Homeric Question

Answer 23

1) Who was Homer?

2) How did his poems get transferred down without writing?

Question 24

Edward Hall

Answer 24

Anthropologist of the 70s that studied proxemics.

Question 25

Proxemics

Answer 25

Nonverbal communication through personal space and body movement.

Question 26

Alfred Lord

Answer 26

Pursued the Homeric question and studied poets in Bosnia.

Question 27

Stock Phrases

Answer 27

Phrases where oral epic poets can keep track of where they are.

Question 28

Participatory Observation

Answer 28

Becoming one of the people in a culture to better understand it.

Question 29

Localization

Answer 29

The appropriation of elements of transmitted flows (including commodities, but also persons, discourses, technologies and capital.)

Sex in the City in Korea, food dishes in other food courts.

Question 30

Colonization

Answer 30

Impression of one’s culture over the other through political triumph.