Midterm Review Flashcards
Name the 5 D’s of ethical reasoning
- Describe
- Discern
- Display
- Decide
- Defend
What does ‘describe’ mean?
Identify the key facts of the case or scenario and outline them.
What does ‘discern’ mean?
Identify the most significant ethical issues. Use the avenues to aide you in this.
What does ‘display’ mean?
Using the facts and ethical issues outlined for the case, list options to consider for response.
What does ‘decide’ mean?
Choose an option for action/response.
What does ‘defend’ mean?
Justify your choice using the perspectives of each avenue.
What are the four avenues?
- Interests
- Rights
- Duties
- Virtues
What makes up the Executive Compass?
Liberty Equality
Efficiency Community
Explain the ‘interest-based’ avenue.
Moral assessment of actions and policies depends solely on consequences, and the only consequences that really matter are the interests of the parties affected. Harms & benefits/Social costs & benefits
Define “values”
Lasting belief about a certain goal or mode of conduct which is better than the opposite goal or mode of conduct.
What are the cardinal virtues?
- Prudence
- Justice
- Fortitude
- Courage
What are rights?
Rights are either natural or derived from positive law (legality). Primarily concerned with equality/fairness and freedom/liberty. Rights create obligations/duties.
What are duties?
A duty is a legitimate obligation arising from rights. Since rights arise from natural and positive law, so do duties. The origin will help outline the responsibility.
What are virtues?
A virtue is a good habit (as opposed to vice). Essential for humankind because it deals with the genesis for action. Developing good virtues/habits makes it easier to make ethical decisions.
Define “prudence”
The ability to apply right reason to action.
Define “justice”
Morally correct behavior or thinking in regards to external relations b/w people. Do good, avoid evil.
Define “fortitude”
Source of the emotional stability needed to exercise each virtue. Faces chiefly the danger of death. Characterized by a reasonable refusal to withdraw from or be controlled y what generates fear.
Define “temperance”
Deals with appetites. Reasonable response to what is attractive. Moderation.
Name one universal principal and how it can help the manager who is committed to acting ethically.
The principal of Full Human Potential (FHP). Valuing each human being for their full potential, not at the potential achieved at that point in time. This could be valuable from a human resources point of view.
