Midterm review

Question 1

what does “monsoon” mean?

Answer 1

Monsoon- is a seasonal prevailing wind which lasts for several months

Question 2

what was the “Bubonic Plague”?

Answer 2

Bubonic Plague- the most common form of plague in humans, characterized by fever, delirium, and the formation of buboes.

Question 3

what is “Hinduism”?

Answer 3

Hinduism -Asia, developed from Vedic religion. Its also a polytheistic religion

Question 4

what is “Buddhism”?

Answer 4

Buddhism- a religion represented by the many groups (especially in Asia) that profess various forms of the Buddhist doctrine and that venerate Buddha

Question 5

what does “reincarnation” mean?

Answer 5

reincarnation- the rebirth of a soul in a new body.

Question 6

what does “moksha” mean?

Answer 6

moksha- (in Hinduism and Jainism) release from the cycle of rebirth impelled by the law of karma.

Question 7

what does “nirvana” mean?

Answer 7

nirvana- (in Buddhism) a transcendent state in which there is neither suffering, desire, nor sense of self, and the subject is released from the effects of karma and the cycle of death and rebirth. It represents the final goal of Buddhism.

Question 8

what was “The Eightfold Path”?

Answer 8

The Eightfold Path- the path to nirvana, comprising eight aspects in which an aspirant must become practiced: right views, intention, speech, action, livelihood, effort, mindfulness, and concentration.

Question 9

what is “sanskrit”?

Answer 9

sanskrit- an ancient Indic language of India, in which the Hindu scriptures and classical Indian epic poems are written and from which many northern Indian languages are derived

Question 10

what was the “caste system”?

Answer 10

caste system- a social structure in which classes are determined by heredity. These social classes occurred in India.

Question 11

what does “cultural diffusion” mean?

Answer 11

cultural diffusion- is the spreading of ideas or products from one culture to another.

Question 12

what is “Judaism”?

Answer 12

Judaism- the monotheistic religion of the Jews.

Question 13

what is “Christianity”?

Answer 13

Christianity- the religion based on the person and teachings of Jesus of Nazareth, or its beliefs and practices.

Question 14

what is “Islam”?

Answer 14

Islam- the religion of the Muslims, a monotheistic faith regarded as revealed through Muhammad as the Prophet of Allah

Question 15

what are “The Ten Commandments”?

Answer 15

The Ten Commandments- the biblical commandment given to Moses by God

Question 16

what are “The Five Pillars”?

Answer 16

The Five Pillars- The Five Pillars of Islam are five basic acts in Islam, considered mandatory by believers and are the foundation of Muslim life. They are summarized in the famous hadith of Gabriel. They make up Muslim life, prayer, concern for the needy, self purification and the pilgrimage.

Question 17

what is “The Torah”?

Answer 17

The Torah- (in Judaism) the law of God as revealed to Moses and recorded in the first five books of the Hebrew scriptures

Question 18

what is “Animism”?

Answer 18

Animism- the attribution of a soul to plants, inanimate objects, and natural phenomena.

Question 19

what is “Shintoism”?

Answer 19

Shintoism- the ancient indigenous religion of Japan lacking formal dogma; characterized by a veneration of nature spirits and of ancestors

Question 20

what are “The Four Noble Truths”?

Answer 20

The Four Noble Truths- the four central beliefs containing the essence of Buddhist teaching.

Question 21

what does “Polytheism” mean?

Answer 21

Polytheism- Is the belief in more than one god.

Question 22

what does “Monotheism” mean?

Answer 22

Monotheism- Is the belief in one god only.

Question 23

what was the “Code of Hammurabi”?

Answer 23

The Code of Hammurabi- is a well-preserved Babylonian code of law.

Question 24

who is “Brahma”?

Answer 24

Brahma- is the Hindu god (deva) of creation and one of the Trimūrti, the others being Vishnu and Shiva

Question 25

what is “Dharma”?

Answer 25

Dharma- the teaching or religion of the Buddha

Question 26

what was the “Silk Road”

Answer 26

Silk Road- an ancient trade route between China and the Mediterranean

Question 27

what was the “Middle Kingdom”?

Answer 27

Middle Kingdom-is the period in the history of ancient Egypt between about 2050 BC and 1650 BC, stretching from the establishment of the Eleventh Dynasty to the end of the Twelfth Dynasty, although some writers include the Thirteenth and Fourteenth dynasties in the Second Intermediate Period

Question 28

what is “Confucianism”?

Answer 28

Confucianism- a system of philosophical and ethical teachings founded by Confucius.

Question 29

what was “Pax Romana”?

Answer 29

Pax Romana- is the time period of peace and prosperity in Ancient Rome.

Question 30

what were “guilds”?

Answer 30

guilds- was an association of tradesmen or merchants who provided the same sorts of products or services.

Question 31

what is a “democracy”?

Answer 31

democracy- a system of government by the whole population or all the eligible members of a state, typically through elected representatives

Question 32

what were “hieroglyphics”?

Answer 32

Hieroglyphics- Were the Ancient Egyptians written form of communication.

Question 33

what was “cuneiform”?

Answer 33

Cuneiform- Was the Mesopotamian’s written form of communication.

Question 34

what was the “Fertile Crescent”?

Answer 34

Fertile Crescent- is a crescent-shaped region containing the comparatively moist and fertile land of otherwise arid and semi-arid Western Asia, and the Nile Valley and Nile Delta of northeast Africa.

Question 35

what was “Hagia Sophia”?

Answer 35

Hagia Sophia- a 6th century masterpiece of Byzantine architecture in Istanbul; built as a Christian church, converted to a mosque in 1453, and made into a museum in the middle of the 20th century,

Question 36

what was “Justinian’s Code”?

Answer 36

Justinian’ s Code- was the collection of Roman Law into a single volume by Justinian, Emperor of Byzantium.

Question 37

what is “terrace farming”?

Answer 37

terrace farmimg- is a farming method that makes use of a hill to create a multi-platform farm.

Question 38

what was the “commercial revolution”?

Answer 38

commercial revolution- was a period of European economic expansion, colonialism, and mercantilism which lasted from approximately the 16th century until the early 18th century.

Question 39

what was “chivalry”?

Answer 39

chivalry- the medieval knightly system with its religious, moral, and social code.

Question 40

what was the “One Hundred years war”?

Answer 40

One Hundred years war- was a series of conflicts waged from 1337 to 1453 between the Kingdom of England and the Kingdom of France for control of the French throne.

Question 41

what is “Manorialism”?

Answer 41

Manorialism- Political, economic, and social system by which the peasants of medieval Europe were tied to their land and their lord through serfdom. The basic unit was the manor, a self-sufficient landed estate, or fief, under the control of a lord.